Hypervisor Reverse Engineering

Warning, this page is way too long and is voted to be split into seperate sections

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Difference between Debug Firmware HV and Retail HV

There is no difference between debug firmware lv1.self and retail firmware lv1.self The differences reside on the repository nodes loaded because of policies/flags.

DECR/Tool + CEX/Retail LV1.self 1.60 1.92 3.41 3.55

HSPRG

• The hypervisor stores a pointer to some structures per LPAR in HSPRG0 register.
• There are actually 2 HSPRG0 values: one for each thread of Cell CPU !!!
• There is a HSPRG0 array at 0x8(-0x69A0(HSPRG0)) + 0x20.

LPAR

LPAR = Logical Partition

lpar1 starts at 0x<unknown>, and it's believed to be the memory space where lv1 stores its variables, flags and other data.

lpar2 starts at 0x80000000000 and it's believed to be the memory space where lv2 stores its variables, flags and other data.

The pointer to active LPAR is stored at -0x67E8(HSPRG0).

vtable

0x0033CA40 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x38 - some pointer

offset 0x50 - LPAR id (8 bytes)

offset 0x70 - pointer to VAS id bitmap

offset 0x78 - power of 2 of word size from VAS id bitmap (4 bytes), equal to 6

offset 0x7C - number of 64-bit words in VAS id bitmap(4 bytes)

Interrupt handling

The pointer to the interrupt handler that is called e.g. when an external interrupt occurs is at -0x69F0(HSPRG0).

0x00001930 (3.15 and 2.60)

Interrupt vector tables

There are 2 interrupt vector tables. One for each thread. The pointer to these tables is at -0x6950(HSPRG0).

offset 0x8 - IIC memory base address (8 bytes)

offset 0x10 - thread register offset (8 bytes)

offset 0x18 - start of interrupt vector table (19 entries, each entry 32 bytes)

Interrupt vector table entry

offset 0x0 - pointer to interrupt handler

offset 0x8 - TOC

offset 0x10 - 0

offset 0x18 - parameter to interrupt handler

Interrupt handlers

Spurious interrupt handler

0x002BC174 (3.15)

RSX

0x00219A44 (3.15)

0x002176FC (2.60)

SB bus

0x002B9CC4 (3.15)

I/O address translation

0x002CD7D8 (3.15)

0x002C9214 (2.60)

Performance monitor

0x002F0584 (3.15)

0x002EB1B0 (2.60)

Token manager

0x002BBA9C (3.15)

0x002B754C (2.60)

HV call

• The address of HV table is stored at -0x6FC8(HSPRG0).
• The address of HV table size is stored at -0x6FD0(HSPRG0).

HV call

editorial note: The table listed here was moved/merged to a seperate page : HV Syscalls

Initializing HV Call Table

set_lv1_hvcall_table

0x002C02B4 (3.41)

0x002C1F04 (3.15)

0x002C2B4C (3.55)

This function sets pointer to HV Call Table and the size of HV Call Table in HSPRG context of a LPAR.

set_lv1_hvcall_table_entry_invalid

0x002C1F28 (3.15)

0x002C02D8 (3.41)

0x002C2B70 (3.55)

This function initializes an entry in HV Call Table to the Invalid HV Call function.

Memory HV call

• All memory HV calls branch to lv1_mm_call
• lv1_mm_call has it's own function table
• Memory HV call number = HV call number

Memory HV call table

• Each entry is a pointer to a function TOC entry.
• table size = 256

0x00364208 (3.15)

0x00362308 (3.41)

0x00366088 (3.55)

Memory HV calls

lv1_map_htab - 0x002D595C (3.15)

lv1_unmap_htab - 0x002D56B8 (3.15)

lv1_allocate_memory - 0x002D72F0 (3.15)

lv1_release_memory - 0x002D66A4 (3.15)

lv1_query_logical_partition_address_region_info - 0x002C9B24 (3.15)

lv1_create_repository_node - 0x002DD014 (3.15)

lv1_get_repository_node_value - 0x002DD260 (3.15)

lv1_undocumented_function_231 - 0x0030B560 (3.15)

System call

HV Processes do not use HV calls. They use syscalls only.

System call handler

0x002974D8 (3.15)

0x00292F6C (2.60)

There are 2 system call tables in HV. The first one stores system calls 0 - 36. The second one stores system calls 0x10000 - 0x100FF.

UX System call table 0 - 36

0x0035FAE8 (3.15)

0x00358ED0 (2.60)

System call numbers

0x0 - void eosh(void) //end_of_signal_handling(void)

0x1 - pid_t getpid(void)

0x2 - pid_t getppid(void)

0x3 - pid_t fork(void)

0x4 - void exit(int status)

0x5 - void execv(const char *path, char *const argv[])

0x6 - void wait(int *status)

0x7 - int open(const char *path, int flags)

0x8 - void close(int fd)

0x9 - ssize_t read(int fd, void *buf, unsigned int nbyte)

0xA - ssize_t write(int fd, const void *buf, unsigned int nbyte)

0xB - void lseek(int fd, long offset, int whence)

0xC - unlink(const char *path)

0xD - void signal(int sig, void *func(int sig))

0xE - int kill(int pid, int signal_type)

0xF - int brk(void *addr)

0x10 - int socket(int af, int type, int protocol) (supports only address family 0x1F, type 0x0 and protocol 0x0)

0x11 - int bind(int sockfd , const sockaddr *addr, unsigned int addrlen)

0x12 - int listen(int sockfd, int backlog)

0x13 - int accept(int sockfd, sockaddr *addr, unsigned int *addrlen)

0x14 - int connect(int sockfd, const sockaddr *serv_addr, unsigned int addrlen)

0x15 - void putchar(int c)

0x16 - int pause(void)

0x17 - int sleep(unsigned int seconds)

0x18 - int mmap(void *addr, unsigned long size, int prot, int flags, int fd, long offset, void *mapped_addr)

0x19 - int munmap (void *addr, unsigned long size)

0x1A - int chdir(const char *path)

0x1B - void getchar(char *c)

0x1C - map_pages(...) (used for alloc)

0x1D - unmap_pages(...) (used for free)

0x1E - int select(int nfds, fd_set *readfds, fd_set *writefds, fd_set *exceptfds, struct timeval *timeout)

0x1F - getcwd(...)

0x20 - Not used

0x21 - unsigned int alarm(unsigned int seconds)

0x22 - int ioctl(int fd, unsigned __int64 request, ...)

0x23 - pme_memalign(...)

0x24 - ?

PMI System call table 0x10000 - 0x100FF

0x0035DE78 (3.15)

0x00357260 (2.60)

System call numbers

0x10000 - allocate_memory(LPAR id, size, log2 of page size, ?, ?) / construct_memory_segment

0x10001 - query_logical_partition_address_region_info

0x10002 - translate_logical_partition_to_physical_address(LPAR id, LPAR address, physical addr)

0x10003 - map_physical_address_region

0x10004 - unmap_physical_address_region

0x10005 - construct_logical_pu

0x10006 - destruct_logical_pu

0x10007 - activate_logical_pu(LPAR id, PPE id)

0x10009 - construct_logical_partition(0, LPAR id, outlet)

0x1000A - get_logical_console_info

0x1000B - get_remote_file_size

0x1000C - read_remote_file

0x1000D - write_remote_file

0x1000E - release_memory_region(LPAR id, memory region address)

0x1001A - construct_event_receive_port

0x1001B - destruct_event_receive_port

0x1001C - request_to_connect_event_ports

0x1001D - connect_event_ports

0x1001E - destruct_event_send_port

0x1001F - send_event_externally

0x10020 - get_status_of_event_send_port

0x10021 - get_event_port_connection_request

0x10022 - end_of_control_signal_processing

0x10024 - shutdown_logical_partition(LPAR id, shutdown command)

0x10025 - destruct_logical_partition(LPAR id)

0x10026 - get_logical_partition_info

0x10027 - read_privilege_set

0x10028 - modify_privilege_set

0x10029 - get_remote_file_size_long_name

0x1002A - read_remote_file_long_name

0x1002B - write_remote_file_long_name

0x1002C - construct_scheduling_table

0x1002D - set_scheduling_slot

0x1002E - load_scheduling_table

0x10032 - poweroff

0x10033 - get_remote_file_name

0x10034 - allocate_cp_channel

0x10035 - release_cp_channel

0x10036 - power_down

0x10037 - ?

0x10038 - ?

0x10039 - ?

0x10040 - construct_spe_type_1(SPE id, shaddow_addr) / construct_logical_spu

0x10041 - destruct_spe(SPE id) / destruct_logical_spu

0x10042 - decrypt_lv2_self(spe id, LPAR auth id, SELF file image ptr, LPAR memory address)

0x10043 - load_spe_module(spe id, SCE module ptr, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4)

0x10044 - disable_spe_execution

0x10045 - read_spu_puint_mb(unsigned long spu_id, unsigned long msg)

0x10046 - read_spe_problem_state_register(spe id, register offset, value) / read_spu_problem_state_area_register

0x10047 - write_spe_problem_state_register(spe id, register offset, value) / write_spu_problem_state_area_register

0x1004A - install_revoke_list

0x1004B - disable_spe_loading

0x1004C - install_access_control_table?

0x1004D - get_storage_status?

0x1004E - get_region_table_bits?

0x1004F - commit_region_update?

0x10050 - abort_region_update?

0x10051 - set_storage_tampered?

0x10053 - pmi_set_guest_os_mode

0x1007F - pause

0x10080 - get_total_execution_time

0x10081 - reset

0x10083 - construct_logical_rsx

0x10084 - construct_virtual_uart(LPAR id, VUART id, VUART data buffer size)

0x10085 - destruct_virtual_uart(LPAR id, VUART id)

0x10086 - establish_virtual_uart_channel

0x10088 - RSX_syscall_10088(LPAR id)

0x10089 - RSX_syscall_10089

0x1008A - RSX_syscall_1008A

0x100BE - lv1_ioctl

0x100C0 - create_repository_node(LPAR id)

0x100C1 - get_repository_node_value(LPAR id)

0x100C2 - modify_repository_node_value(LPAR id)

0x100C3 - remove_repository_node(LPAR id)

Process

Process table

HV supports only 32 processes simultaneously. The number of processes currently running in HV is stored at address 0x0035EA54 (3.15) and 0x00357E3C (2.60).

The process table is an array of 32 process table entries.

0x0036C930 (4.30)

0x0036C8B0 (4.21)

0x00365458 (4.11)

0x0035F8D0 (3.55)

0x0035C550 (3.41)

0x0035E850 (3.15)

0x00357C38 (2.60)

Process table entry

offset 0x0 - process status ? (8 bytes)

offset 0x8 - pointer to Process object

create_new_proc

This function creates a new Process object.

0x00298E2C (3.15)

0x002948BC (2.60)

Parameters

r3 - pointer to parent Process object

r4 - ?

copy_user_data

This function copies data to/from user space.

0x00299688 (3.15)

0x00295118 (2.60)

Parameters

r3 - pointer to Process object

r4 - some address in address space of Process

r5 - pointer to buffer in HV space

r6 - size to copy

r7 - ?

r8 - direction of copy (0 - copy from user space, != 0 - copy to user space)

r9 - ?

vtable

Processes have no vtables. That means they have no virtual functions.

Member variables

offset 0x0 - PID (4 bytes)

offset 0x8 - pointer to parent Process object

offset 0x10 - pointer to AddressSpace object

offset 0x30 - pointer to first PThread object of process

offset 0x38 - array of signal handlers (192 * 8 bytes)

offset 0x638 - pointer to pointer to ELF image

offset 0x640 - start of file table (20 * 24 bytes)

offset 0x820 - exit status (4 bytes)

offset 0x898 - pointer to Inode object of current directory

offset 0x8A8 - some pointer

Signals

A process can have upto 192 signal handlers. For example, signal 9 is SIGKILL. A signal handler for SIGKILL cannot be installed and it cannot be ignored.

A process does not have a signal mask. Every thread of a process has it's own signal mask.

Signal constants

0x9 - SIGKILL

0xE - SIGALRM

0x20 - SIGSPUMB

0x21 - SIGSPUMB_SL

0x22 - SIGSPUSTOP

0x23 - SIGSPUSTOP_SL

0x24 - SIGSPUDMA

0x26 - SIGSPUTIMEOUT

0x27 - SIGSPUERR

0x41 - SIGSHUTDOWN

File table

The file table has 20 entries. So, a process can have at most 20 files opened simultaneously. Each entry is 24 bytes large.

offset 0x0 - entry valid or invalid (1 byte), 0 - invalid, 1 - valid

offset 0x8 - pointer to object with File interface

offset 0x10 - current file position (8 bytes)

Process_EA_to_RA

This function translates an effective process address to real address.

0x00297E08 (3.15)

Objects

Here are the addresses of Process objects i could identify in HV dump 3.15:

• 0x006BB0D0 (PID 0)
• 0x0012C010 (PID 3) - ss_server3.fself
• 0x000915D0 (PID 5) - ss_server2.fself
• 0x000E4D70 (PID 6) - ss_server1.fself
• 0x0012C8D0 (PID 9) - sysmgr_ss.fself

Here are the addresses of Process objects i could identify in HV dump 2.60:

• 0x006B7580 (PID 0)
• 0x00135F90 (PID 3)
• 0x000862D0 (PID 5)
• 0x000A9870 (PID 6)
• 0x00084B80 (PID 9)

In JIG 2.43:

• (PID3) <- ss_server3
• (PID4) <- ss_sc_init_pu
• (PID5) <- ss_server2
• (PID6) <- ss_server1
• (PID7) <- factory_data_mngr_server
• (PID8) <- updater_frontend

(see this)

PThread

All PThread objects of the same Process object are linked together in a list.

vtable

0x003556D8 (3.15)

0x0034ECC0 (2.60)

offset 0x60 - pointer to TOC entry of system call handler

Member variables

offset 0x10 - pointer to next PThread object of Process

offset 0x18 - Thread object

offset 0x2B8 - ? (4 bytes)

offset 0x2C0 - pointer to TOC of some function

offset 0x2C8 - pointer to TOC of some function

offset 0x348 - some conter (4 bytes)

offset 0x3C0 - pointer to Process object that owns PThread object

offset 0x3F8 - signal pending mask (3 * 8 bytes = 192 signals)

offset 0x440 - ConditionVariable object

Signals

A PThread has it's own signal mask, independant of all other PThreads in the same process.

Methods

wait_for_my_turn(Pthread ptr, ?, sleep interruptible flag) = wakeup status - 0x00296FB0 (3.15)

Thread

get_current_thread

This function returns the pointer to current running thread.

0x0028B994 (3.15)

0x0028744C (2.60)

vtable

0x00355750 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x288 - some pointer

offset 0x290 - some pointer

AddressSpace

vtable

0x003549A0 (3.15)

0x0034DF88 (2.60)

Member variables

offset 0x8 - Mutex object

offset 0x40 - AddressProtectionDomain object

offset 0x50 - some pointer

offset 0xC0 - some counter (4 bytes)

AddressSpace_EA_to_RA

0x002874D0 (3.15)

AddressProtectionDomain

vtable

0x00354980 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x0 - pointer to previous AddressProtectionDomain object

offset 0x8 - pointer to next AddressProtectionDomain object

offset 0x10 - poiinter to pointer to SLB entries

offset 0x18 - pointer to AddressSpace object that owns this object

offset 0x2A - pointer to previous ProtectionPage

offset 0x34 - pointer to next ProtectionPage

offset 0x40 - Mutex object

ProtectionPage

vtable

none

Member variables

offset 0x0 - RA (8 bytes)

offset 0x8 - EA (4 bytes)

offset 0x10 - pointer to previous ProtectionPage (4 bytes)

offset 0x14 - pointer to next ProtectionPage (4 bytes)

Mutex

vtable

0x00354D08 (3.15)

0x0034E2F0 (2.60)

Member variables

offset 0x18 - ? (4 bytes)

offset 0x1C - ? (4 bytes)

ConditionVariable

vtable

0x003549C0 (3.15)

offset 0x20 - wait

Member variables

offset 0x20 - pointer to Mutex object

File interface

vtable

offset 0x8 - ?

offset 0x28 - open

offset 0x30 - close

offset 0x38 - read

offset 0x40 - write

offset 0x50 - mmap

offset 0x58 - ioctl

StorageRegionFile

Flash device file class.

vtable

0x003569F8 (3.15)

VUARTFile

VUART device file class.

vtable

0x00356458 (3.15)

STDLCFile

Console device file class.

vtable

0x003561F8 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x20 - reference counter (8 bytes)

offset 0x28 - free buffer space ? (8 bytes)

SocketFile

vtable

0x00355DB0 (3.15)

offset 0xB0 - bind

RegionManager

vtable

0x00355F80 (3.15)

Inode

DirectoryInode

vtable

0x00355788 (3.15)

offset 0x20 - link

offset 0x28 - unlink

get_root_inode

This function returns the pointer to the Inode object of the root directory.

0x0029C124 (3.15)

0x00297BB4 (2.60)

vtable

0x00334E50 (3.15)

offset 0x30 - lookup

File system

Console device file objects

Here is the list of console device file objects i found in HV dump 3.15:

• console

vtable

0x003561F8 (3.15)

Flash device file objects

Here is the list of flash device file objects i found in HV dump 3.15:

• /dev/eflash0
• /dev/eflash1
• /dev/rflash0
• /dev/rflash1
• /dev/rflash_1x
• /dev/rflash_1xp

vtable

0x003569F8 (3.15)

IOIF device file objects

Here is the list of IOIF device file objects i found in HV dump 3.15:

• /dev/ioif0

vtable

0x00356688 (3.15)

Member variables

0x360 = MMIO base address

SD detector device file objects

Here is the list of SD detector device file objects i found in HV dump 3.15:

• /dev/sd_detector

vtable

0x00356B48 (3.15)

NET device file objects

Here is the list of NET device file objects i found in HV dump 3.15:

• /dev/net0

vtable

0x00356DE8 (3.15)

INODES

INODE OBJECT

+0x04: previos inode

+0x08: next inodes

+ 0x38:  path

+ 0x358: childer_inode

MFS_ROOT_INODE

(2.60) 0x3580B0

+ 0x60 = ROOT_INODE

SOME ADDRESSES IN 2.60

0x60C010: "/dev" inode

0x6AA580: "/proc" inode

using linked list you can follow all inodes

Repository

• Each LPAR has it's own node repository
• Repository nodes are stored in a hash table which can have several sub-hash tables.

RepositoryNode

vtable

0x00357F58 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x30 - pointer to next RepositoryNode obj

offset 0x38 - 2nd hash value of name (4 bytes)

offset 0x40 - 1st field name (8 bytes)

offset 0x48 - 2nd field name (8 bytes)

offset 0x50 - 3rd field name (8 bytes)

offset 0x58 - 4th field name (8 bytes)

offset 0x60 - ? (4 bytes)

offset 0x68 - 1st field value (8 bytes)

offset 0x70 - 2nd field value (8 bytes)

Hash Function

• The name of a repository node is hashed and 2 hash values (2 32bit values) are produced.
• The 1st hash value is used to select a sub-hash table.
• The 2nd hash value is used to find a sub-hash table bucket.
• Repository nodes in a hash bucket are ordered by the 2nd hash value.

void hash(unsigned long long n1,
          unsigned long long n2,
          unsigned long long n3,
          unsigned long long n4,
          unsigned long *h1,
          unsigned long *h2)
{
    unsigned long long h;
    unsigned long hl;

    h = ((((n1 ^ n4) >> 32) ^ (n2 ^ n3)) ^ (((n2 ^ n3) >> 32) ^ (n1 ^ n4))) & ~0xC0000000ULL;

    *h1 = h & 0xFFFFFFFFULL;

    h = ((h & 0x55555555ULL) << 1) | ((h & 0xAAAAAAAAULL) >> 1);

    h = ((h & 0x33333333ULL) << 2) | ((h & 0xCCCCCCCCULL) >> 2);

    h = ((h & 0xF0F0F0FULL) << 4) | ((h & 0xF0F0F0F0ULL) >> 4);

    hl = (h << 8) | ((h & 0xFF000000ULL) >> 24);

    hl = (hl & ~0xFF000000UL) | ((h & 0xFFULL) << 24);

    hl = (hl & ~0x0000FF00UL) | (((h << 24) | (h >> 8)) & 0x0000FF00ULL);

    hl |= 0x1; 

    *h2 = hl;
}

Repository nodes from HV 3.15

Dump of all repository nodes from HV 3.15

Repository nodes from HV 3.41 dump made from GameOS

Dump of all repository nodes from HV 3.41 dump made from GameOS

Buses

SB bus

type - 4

index - 1

num_devices - 4 (repository node says this but there are more devices !!!)

Storage bus

type - 5

index - 4

num_devices - 4

SB bus subsystem

vtable

0x00352600 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x10 - MMIO memory base address

offset 0x20 - array of 16 pointers to SB devices (0 - Gelic device, 1 - USB device)

Objects

0x00349528 - pointer to pointer to SB bus subsystem object

Memory base address

0x24000000000

All SB bus device MMIO addresses are relative to this memory address.

SB device MMIO/DMA memory region

vtable

0x352308 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x18 - pointer to previous bus memory region object

offset 0x20 - pointer to next bus memory region object

offset 0x30 - relative bus memory start address

offset 0x38 - size of bus memory region

SB bus device

vtable

0x00352620 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x18 - array of pointers to MMIO memory region objects owned by device (8 * 8 bytes)

offset 0x60 - pointer to first DMA region object

offset 0x6C - device opened flag (1 byte, 0 - not opened, 1 - already opened)

offset 0x70 - id of LPAR that opened this device

offset 0x90 - pointer to an object that contains the address of interrupt handler for this device and SB bus interrupt index

Gelic device (Network Interface)

device id = 0

interrupt index = 8

The Gelic device is similar to the spider_net device from Toshiba. There are some differences with mmio initialization values within LV1 in comparison to the spider_net.c linux driver.

Gelic defines:

DEFINE	Value
GELIC_CKRCTRL_REGISTER	0xFF0
GELIC_CKRCTRL_STOP_VALUE	0x00000105
GELIC_CKRCTRL_RUN_VALUE	0x1D7F0105
GELIC_MACADDR_HIGH_REG	0x500
GELIC_MACADDR_LOW_REG	0x504

MMIO regions

Index	Relative Bus Start Address	Absolute Bus Start Address	Size
0	0x2800	0x24000002800	0x200
1	0x3004000	0x24003004000	0x1000
2	-	-	-
3	-	-	-
4	-	-	-
5	-	-	-
6	-	-	-
7	-	-	-

DMA regions

Relative Bus Start Address	Absolute Bus Start Address	Size
0xA0000000	-	0x8000
0xC0000000	-	0x10000000

SATA Controller 1 device

device id = 1

interrupt index = 49

MMIO regions

Index	Relative Bus Start Address	Absolute Bus Start Address	Size
0	0x2000	0x24000002000	0x200
1	0x3000000	0x24003000000	0x1000
2	0x3800000	0x24003800000	0x1000
3	0x3802000	0x24003802000	0x1000
4	-	-	-
5	-	-	-
6	-	-	-
7	-	-	-

DMA regions

Relative Bus Start Address	Absolute Bus Start Address	Size
0xA0000000	-	0x1000
0xA0001000	-	0x1000
0xA0002000	-	0x1000

SATA Controller 2 device

device id = 2

interrupt index = 13

MMIO regions

Index	Relative Bus Start Address	Absolute Bus Start Address	Size
0	0x2200	0x24000002200	0x200
1	0x3001000	0x24003001000	0x1000
2	0x3801000	0x24003801000	0x1000
3	0x3803000	0x24003803000	0x1000
4	-	-	-
5	-	-	-
6	-	-	-
7	-	-	-

DMA regions

Relative Bus Start Address	Absolute Bus Start Address	Size
0xA0000000	-	0x1000
0xA0001000	-	0x1000
0xA0002000	-	0x1000

USB Controller 1 device

device id = 3

MMIO regions

Index	Relative Bus Start Address	Absolute Bus Start Address	Size
0	0x2400	0x24000002400	0x200
1	0x3010000	0x24003010000	0x10000
2	0x3810000	0x24003810000	0x10000
3	-	-	-
4	-	-	-
5	-	-	-
6	-	-	-
7	-	-	-

DMA regions

Relative Bus Start Address	Absolute Bus Start Address	Size
0xC0000000	-	0x10000000
0xD0000000	-	0x10000000

USB Controller 2 device

device id = 4

MMIO regions

Index	Relative Bus Start Address	Absolute Bus Start Address	Size
0	0x2600	0x24000002600	0x200
1	0x3020000	0x24003020000	0x10000
2	0x3820000	0x24003820000	0x10000
3	-	-	-
4	-	-	-
5	-	-	-
6	-	-	-
7	-	-	-

DMA regions

Relative Bus Start Address	Absolute Bus Start Address	Size
0xC0000000	-	0x10000000
0xD0000000	-	0x10000000

ENCDEC device

device id = 7

interrupt index = 5

MMIO regions

Index	Relative Bus Start Address	Absolute Bus Start Address	Size
0	0x2C00	0x24000002C00	0x200
1	0x3005000	0x24003005000	0x1000
2	0x3006000	0x24003006000	0x1000
3	-	-	-
4	-	-	-
5	-	-	-
6	-	-	-
7	-	-	-

DMA regions

Relative Bus Start Address	Absolute Bus Start Address	Size
0x80010000	-	0x10000
0x80004000	-	0x4000
0x80001000	-	0x1000
0x80003000	-	0x1000
0x80008000	-	0x1000
0x80009000	-	0x1000
0x80040000	-	0x10000
0x8000A000	-	0x1000
0x90020000	-	0x20000
0xC0000000	-	0x10000
0xC0040000	-	0x40000

FLASH Controller device (StarShip - SS)

device id = 9

interrupt index = 41

MMIO regions

FLASH controller doesn't have MMIO regions.

DMA regions

Relative Bus Start Address	Absolute Bus Start Address	Size
0x80000000	-	0x1000
0x80020000	-	0x20000
0x80002000	-	0x1000
0x90000000	-	0x20000

SB Bus Interrupt Handling

• There is a table of interrupt handlers for SB devices
• The size of table is 64
• The main SB bus interrupt handler is at 0x002B9CC4 (3.15)
• The main interrupt handler reads interrupt index and dispatches interrupts

Interrupt Index

• The main SB bus interrupt handler reads 2 32-bit values from addresses 0x24000008100 and 0x0x24000008104
• The interrupt index is calculated from these values

Interrupt Handler Table

Interrupt	Description	Address in HV
5	ENCDEC device	0x00275C60 (3.15)
6	EH EPCIC internal	0x0023B6B0 (3.15)
8	Gelic device	0x00245330 (3.15)
12	ATA interrupt handler	0x0026B984 (3.15)
13	ATA interrupt handler	0x0026B984 (3.15)
14	Spider SC	0x0020A68C (3.15)
29	SBERR	0x0023AA50 (3.15)
30	SBERR	0x0023AA50 (3.15)
41	EBUS (Flash StarShip)	0x002814EC (3.15)
49	ATA media interrupt handler	0x00268A8C (3.15)
50	Flash ?	0x00280B24 (3.15)
55	EH EPCIC SERR	0x0023B67C (3.15)

Storage bus subsystem

vtable

0x00353AC8 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0xEE8 - table of pointers to storage device objects (7 * 8 bytes, max 7 devices)

Storage device class

Member variables

offset 0x8 - device id (8 bytes)

offset 0xD50 - device id (8 bytes)

offset 0xD60 - pointer to ENCDEC SB bus device object

Region Manager

• Each storage device has a Region Manager (i call it like that)
• Region Manager stores information about each Region of the storage device
• All Regions of a Region Manager are linked together
• Free Regions of a Region Manager are linked together also
• A Region Manager can have at most 8 Regions

Region

• Each storage device can have at most 8 regions (0-7)
• Each region has ACL table
• HV checks region ACLs before allowing access to the region
• Each region has a start sector that is an offset from the physical first sector of the storage device and a number of sectors

• The start sector passed to lv1 storage hvcalls is relative to the start sector of the region passed to the lv1 storage hvcall

Region ACL

offset 0x0 - LPAR AUTH ID (8 bytes)

offset 0x8 - access rigths (8 bytes)

offset 0x10 - entry valid flag: 0 - invalid, 1 - valid (1 byte)

Region Access Protection

• Before a storage region is accessed, HV checks access rights of the caller.
• Repository node ss.laid (LPAR Authority ID) is evaluated for this purpose.
• If LPAR has a repository node ios.ata.region0.access (value doesn't matter) then the access rights check never fails. After System Manager sets ATA keys it removes this repository node from LPAR 1. If we add this repository node again or patch System Manager so it's not removed then we will be able to access all storage regions of all storage devices.
• ALL storage accesses from LPAR 1 are allowed
• If (flags & 0x100000002) != 0 then access rights check is skipped !!!.

 I tested on HV 3.41 with flags 0x2 and got access to regions which were denied by policy (LV1_DENIED_BY_POLICY result).

Storage Device Partition Table

• Each storage device has a Partition Table
• Partition Table contains information about each region on the storage device

Methods

lv1_storage_create_region (lv1_undocumented_function_250) - 0x00301328 (3.15)

lv1_storage_delete_region (lv1_undocumented_function_251) - 0x003011E8 (3.15)

lv1_storage_set_region_acl (lv1_undocumented_function_252) - 0x00300F3C (3.15)

lv1_storage_get_region_acl (lv1_undocumented_function_253) - 0x00301090 (3.15)

storage_device_create_region - 0x00253988 (3.15)

storage_device_delete_region - 0x00253BE8 (3.15)

storage_device_region_set_acl - 0x00252C80 (3.15)

storage_device_region_get_acl - 0x00252710 (3.15)

storage_region_mgr_create_region - 0x0025A530 (3.15)

storage_region_mgr_delete_region - 0x0025BA64 (3.15)

storage_region_mgr_set_acl - 0x0025A140 (3.15)

storage_region_mgr_get_acl - 0x0025A298 (3.15)

storage_region_mgr_update_partition_table - 0x00259924 (3.15)

storage_region_acl_entry_reset - 0x0025C1A8 (3.15)

storage_region_acl_entry_check_laid - 0x0025C1FC (3.15)

storage_region_overlap - 0x0025C094 (3.15)

storage_region_check_access - 0x00259EC8 (3.15)

Storage subsystem device

device id = -1

• The storage subsystem is a storage device itself.
• It's a pseudo device used to notify a LPAR when storage devices become e.g. ready.
• Linux implements a loop and reads from this device and process notifications (adds new devices dynamically).

Notification Events

List of supported notification events:

• Notify Device Ready (0x1)
• Notify Region Probe (0x2)
• Notify Region Update (0x4)

RBD device

• On Linux, ENCDEC and RBD devices are mapped to the storage device with device id 0.
• On GameOS, ENCDEC device has device id 0 and RBD device has device id 2.

device id = 0

block size = 2048

/dev/rbd0

• The RBD storage device uses ENCDEC device.

vtable

0x00354288 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x1808 - request table (0x58 * 32 bytes)

Regions

Index	Start sector	Number of sectors
0	0x0	0x7FFFFFFF
1	-	-
2	-	-
3	-	-
4	-	-
5	-	-
6	-	-
7	-	-

Supported Device Commands

Here is the list of commands supported by RBD storage device.

• The commands can be used with HV call lv1_storage_send_device_command.
• However, before a command is executed HV does bit manipulation with it and checks it against the value of repository node ss.laid or also called LPAR Authority ID. If this test fails then the command is NOT executed.

Command	Description
0x1	LV1_STORAGE_SEND_ATAPI_COMMAND
0x10	ATAPI Read Capacity
0x11	ATAPI Get Configuration
0x13	ATAPI Read TOC
0x1A	ATAPI Get Event

/dev/rbd0

• This LPAR 1 device accesses RBD storage device.
• A write to this device sends a device command to RBD storage device.

ENCDEC Device

bus id = 4

device id = 0

• ENCDEC device has a request table of size 32.
• ENCDEC device supports upto 16 keys simultaneously.

Member variables

offset 0xDC0 - request table (0x58 * 32 bytes)

Methods

encdec_device_initialize - 0x00273524 (3.15)

InitializeENCDEC - 0x00277310 (3.15)

ENCDEC_ConnectBusDriver - 0x00275A98 (3.15)

encdec_interrupt_handler - 0x00275C60 (3.15)

encdec_process_interrupt - 0x0027526C (3.15)

encdec_device_enqueue_decsec_request - 0x00273738 (3.15)

encdec_device_do_request - 0x00273EA8 (3.15)

encdec_device_do_SS_request - 0x00274940 (3.15)

Encdec_KickDMA - 0x00277118 (3.15)

encdec_device_is_in_testmode - 0x002756E0 (3.15)

is_encdec_in_testmode - 0x002732D0 (3.15)

ENCDEC Device Commands

• EdecKgen1 command is used e.g. by Storage Manager Service 0x5003 to generate random numbers. Storage Manager performs this command through LPAR 1 device /dev/encdec0.

Command	Description
0x81	EdecKgen1
0x82	EdecKgen2
0x83	EdecKset/EdecKset NG
0x84	EdecKgenFlash
0x85	Encrypts/decrypts sectors (This command cannot be executed through ioctl interface !!!)
0x86	Encdec decsec (This command cannot be executed through ioctl interface !!!)
0x87	EdecSBClear

EdecKgen1 Command (0x81)

• First, ENCDEC device key generator is flashed by executing the operation which is also performed during EdecKgenFlash command.
• 0x30 bytes of data are written to MMIO registers of ENCDEC device.
• 0x40 bytes of data are read from MMIO registers of ENCDEC device.
• The base address of MMIO registers used in this command is 0x24003006000.
• I tested this command by directly communicating with ENCDEC device from GameOS by using HV call lv1_storage_send_device_command and it returns random data.

Here is the data i sent to ENCDEC device:

Offset      0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7   8  9  A  B  C  D  E  F

00000000   00 01 00 30 72 A7 88 EC  FC A4 06 71 4C B1 50 C9   ...0r§ˆìü¤.qL±PÉ
00000010   FB E0 06 C2 74 B5 84 C4  E6 BD 1E 55 4E 36 E9 C9   ûà.Âtµ„Äæ½.UN6éÉ
00000020   D6 09 BC B4 79 A6 BC DE  60 A5 B2 41 C7 15 68 68   Ö.¼´y¦¼Þ`¥²AÇ.hh
00000030   82 1D 8F D6 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ‚.Ö............

Here is the data i received back from ENCDEC device:

Offset      0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7   8  9  A  B  C  D  E  F

00000000   00 02 00 00 57 CF 06 AF  53 85 1B B8 49 37 06 28   ....WÏ.¯S….¸I7.(
00000010   51 8D 4E F9 EF 76 E2 C7  17 EF 41 14 FA 6C 96 A8   QNùïvâÇ.ïA.úl–¨
00000020   7E 41 43 96 15 9A 0D 71  A9 B6 A6 B0 F1 96 15 C5   ~AC–.š.q©¶¦°ñ–.Å
00000030   30 25 C3 8E 6F AC FB 7F  E7 2A FB E2 36 E1 85 92   0%ÃŽo¬û?ç*ûâ6á…’
00000040   99 66 DB EC 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ™fÛì............

Here is another data i received back from ENCDEC device by using the same command and data:

Offset      0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7   8  9  A  B  C  D  E  F

00000000   00 02 00 00 57 CF 06 AF  53 85 1B B8 49 37 06 28   ....WÏ.¯S….¸I7.(
00000010   51 8D 4E F9 EF 76 E2 C7  17 EF 41 14 FA 6C 96 A8   QNùïvâÇ.ïA.úl–¨
00000020   7E 41 43 96 17 08 75 F6  66 2F 32 5A 9E 3E E7 FD   ~AC–..uöf/2Zž>çý
00000030   16 3E 18 CA B2 5E 90 84  29 7F 98 BC 73 36 0E 7B   .>.ʲ^„)?˜¼s6.{
00000040   7D EC B6 37 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   }ì¶7............

EdecKgen2 Command (0x82)

• The base address of MMIO registers used in this command is 0x24003006000.

EdecKgenFlash Command (0x84)

• The base address of MMIO registers used in this command is 0x24003006000.
• The command reads 4 bytes from address 0x240030060A0, sets bit 1 to 1 (old value | 0x2) and writes the new value to the same address.

Encdec decsec Command (0x86)

• This command is used to decrypt/encrypt sectors.
• FLASH, HDD and RBD storage devices use this command to decrypt/encrypt sectors.
• This command cannot be executed through lv1_storage_send_device_command HV call, it's used by HV only internally.

EdecSBClear Command (0x87)

• The command expects arg2 to be 4 or else it returns with an error.
• This command is used e.g. by Storage Manager service 0x5002 when ATA keys are deleted.

Test Mode

• ENCDEC device has Test Mode
• Some HV functions test it by reading a 4 byte value from address 0x24003005200. If this value is 0 then ENCDEC device is NOT in Test Mode.

ENCDEC Request

offset 0x34 - start sector (4 bytes)

offset 0x38 - sector count (4 bytes)

offset 0x3C - sector size (4 bytes)

offset 0x40 - key (4 bytes)

offset 0x44 - 0 = decrypt, 1 = encrypt (4 bytes)

Encrypting and Decrypting Sectors

• HV passes to ENCDEC device addresses of 2 buffers: ENCDEC User Buffer and ENCDEC Descriptor Buffer.
• ENCDEC User Buffer contains the following information: Start Sector, Sector Count, Sector Size and Key

ENCDEC User Buffer

offset 0x0 - start sector (4 bytes)

offset 0x4 - sector count (4 bytes)

offset 0x8 - sector size (4 bytes)

offset 0xC - key (4 bytes)

FLASH device

device id = 1

• The FLASH device uses ENCDEC device.

vtable

0x00354450 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x18F0 - request table (0x58 * 16 bytes)

Regions

Index	Start sector	Number of sectors
0	0x0	0x8000
1	0x8	0x77F8
2	0x7900	0x100
3	0x7A00	0x400
4	-	-
5	-	-
6	-	-
7	-	-

Supported Device Commands

Here is the list of commands supported by FLASH StarShip 2 storage device.

• The commands can be used with HV call lv1_storage_send_device_command.
• However, before a command is executed HV does bit manipulation with it and checks it against the value of repository node ss.laid or also called LPAR Authority ID. If this test fails then the command is NOT executed.

Command	Description
0x31	Dummy (This command does nothing, returns success immediately)
0xA2	-
0xA3	-
0xA4	-
0xA6	SS2 HW Reset
0xAC	-
0xAD	TEST

/dev/eflash1 and /dev/rflash1

• These LPAR 1 devices access region 0 of FLASH storage device.
• /dev/rflash1 is 16MB large
• There is no file system on /dev/rflash1
• There is some sort of TOC (Table Of Contents) stored in it. It contains file names, offsets and sizes.
• On /dev/rflash1 you will find lv0, lv1ldr, lv2_lernel.self and all the other important SELFs.
• The files are encryted of course.

Content of /dev/rflash1 (FLASH storage device region 0, size 16 MB)

• There is a main TOC which describes different regions on /dev/rflash1
• It seems that TOC 0xC0000 and TOC 0x7C0000 contain the same files but from different SDK versions.
• TOC 0xC0000 is SDK version 3.41 and TOC 0x7C0000 is SDK version 3.30 (look at the content of files sdk_version).
• I guess it's because when i bought my PS 3 Slim it had Firmware 3.30 and i updated it to 3.41 for PSGroove.
• TOC on /dev/rflash1 is used by HV Processes to locate files and load them into memory, e.g. SPU modules. E.g. Process 6 loads spu_utoken_processor.self to decrypt and verify user tokens or SPL which runs in Process 5 loads spp_verifier.self from there in order to decrypt and verify profile files. And Update Manager stores e.g. there files.

TOC Entry

A TOC entry is 0x30 bytes large.

offset 0x0 - relative offset from this TOC to entry data

offset 0x8 - entry data size

offset 0x10 - entry name (max 32 characters)

Main TOC

Here is a list of regions/files stored on /dev/rflash1 i found in HV 3.41 and dumped with PSGroove:

Entry Name	TOC Offset	Entry TOC Index	Entry Relative Offset	Entry Absolute Offset	Entry Size
asecure_loader	0x400	0	0x400	0x810	0x2E800
eEID	0x400	1	0x2EC00	0x2F010	0x10000
cISD	0x400	2	0x3EC00	0x3F010	0x800
cCSD	0x400	3	0x3F400	0x3F810	0x800
trvk_prg0	0x400	4	0x3FC00	0x40010	0x20000
trvk_prg1	0x400	5	0x5FC00	0x60010	0x20000
trvk_pkg0	0x400	6	0x7FC00	0x80010	0x20000
trvk_pkg1	0x400	7	0x9FC00	0xA0010	0x20000
ros0	0x400	8	0xBFC00	0xC0010	0x700000
ros1	0x400	9	0x7BFC00	0x7C0010	0x700000
cvtrm	0x400	10	0xEBFC00	0xEC0010	0x40000

asecure_loader Region TOC

Here is a list of files stored on /dev/rflash1 i found in HV 3.41 and dumped with PSGroove:

Entry Name	TOC Offset	Entry TOC Index	Entry Relative Offset	Entry Absolute Offset	Entry Size
metldr	0x800	0	0x40	0x840	0xE920

ros1 Region TOC

Here is a list of files stored on /dev/rflash1 i found in HV 3.41 and dumped with PSGroove:

Entry Name	TOC Offset	Entry TOC Index	Entry Relative Offset	Entry Absolute Offset	Entry Size
creserved_0	0xC0000	0	0x460	0xC0470	0x40000
sdk_version	0xC0000	1	0x40460	0x100470	0x8
lv1ldr	0xC0000	2	0x40480	0x100490	0x1E948
lv2ldr	0xC0000	3	0x5EE00	0x11EE10	0x16FF0
isoldr	0xC0000	4	0x75E00	0x135E10	0x13074
appldr	0xC0000	5	0x88E80	0x148E90	0x1E254
spu_pkg_rvk_verifier.self	0xC0000	6	0xA70D4	0x1670E4	0xFACC
spu_token_processor.self	0xC0000	7	0xB6BA0	0x176BB0	0x5C94
spu_utoken_processor.self	0xC0000	8	0xBC834	0x17C844	0x65D0
sc_iso.self	0xC0000	9	0xC2E04	0x182E14	0x1532C
aim_spu_module.self	0xC0000	10	0xD8130	0x198140	0x4498
spp_verifier.self	0xC0000	11	0xDC5C8	0x19C5D8	0xD7F0
mc_iso_spu_module.self	0xC0000	12	0xE9DB8	0x1A9DC8	0x808C
me_iso_spu_module.self	0xC0000	13	0xF1E44	0x1B1E54	0x88B8
sv_iso_spu_module.self	0xC0000	14	0xFA6FC	0x1BA70C	0xC078
sb_iso_spu_module.self	0xC0000	15	0x106774	0x1C6784	0x5DB0
default.spp	0xC0000	16	0x10C524	0x1CC534	0x22A0
lv1.self	0xC0000	17	0x10E800	0x1CE810	0x127DF0
lv0	0xC0000	18	0x236600	0x2F6610	0x3E678
lv2_kernel.self	0xC0000	19	0x274C78	0x334C88	0x171B88
eurus_fw.bin	0xC0000	20	0x3E6800	0x4A6810	0x70F94
emer_init.self	0xC0000	21	0x457794	0x5177A4	0x7CDB8
hdd_copy.self	0xC0000	22	0x4D454C	0x59455C	0x60D68

ros2 Region TOC

Here is a list of files stored on /dev/rflash1 i found in HV 3.41 and dumped with PSGroove:

Entry Name	TOC Offset	Entry TOC Index	Entry Relative Offset	Entry Absolute Offset	Entry Size
creserved_0	0x7C0000	0	0x460	0x7C0470	0x40000
sdk_version	0x7C0000	1	0x40460	0x800470	0x8
lv1ldr	0x7C0000	2	0x40480	0x800490	0x1E64C
lv2ldr	0x7C0000	3	0x5EB00	0x81EB10	0x16E30
isoldr	0x7C0000	4	0x75980	0x835990	0x12EC4
appldr	0x7C0000	5	0x88880	0x848890	0x1DB64
spu_pkg_rvk_verifier.self	0x7C0000	6	0xA63E4	0x8663F4	0xFACC
spu_token_processor.self	0x7C0000	7	0xB5EB0	0x875EC0	0x5C94
spu_utoken_processor.self	0x7C0000	8	0xBBB44	0x87BB54	0x65D0
sc_iso.self	0x7C0000	9	0xC2114	0x882124	0x1532C
aim_spu_module.self	0x7C0000	10	0xD7440	0x897450	0x4498
spp_verifier.self	0x7C0000	11	0xDB8D8	0x89B8E8	0xD7F0
mc_iso_spu_module.self	0x7C0000	12	0xE90C8	0x8A90D8	0x808C
me_iso_spu_module.self	0x7C0000	13	0xF1154	0x8B1164	0x88B8
sv_iso_spu_module.self	0x7C0000	14	0xF9A0C	0x8B9A1C	0xC078
sb_iso_spu_module.self	0x7C0000	15	0x105A84	0x8C5A94	0x5DB0
default.spp	0x7C0000	16	0x10B834	0x8CB844	0x22A0
lv1.self	0x7C0000	17	0x10DB00	0x8CDB10	0x129040
lv0	0x7C0000	18	0x236B80	0x9F6B90	0x3E570
lv2_kernel.self	0x7C0000	19	0x2750F0	0xA35100	0x1712D0
eurus_fw.bin	0x7C0000	20	0x3E63C0	0xBA63D0	0x70F94
emer_init.self	0x7C0000	21	0x457354	0xC17364	0x7FBB8
hdd_copy.self	0x7C0000	22	0x4D6F0C	0xC96F1C	0x61518

Methods

initialize_starship - 0x0028298C (3.15)

SSOperation - 0x0027BFB0 (3.15)

SSTransfer - 0x0027BE68 (3.15)

FLASH_Memory_SS2_on_complete - 0x00278E48 (3.15)

_FLASH_read_data - 0x0022D89C (3.15)

_FLASH_write_data - 0x0022D8C8 (3.15)

FLASH_SS2_HW_Reset - 0x0027BD1C (3.15)

HDD device

device id = 2

block size = 512

• The HDD device uses ENCDEC device.

vtable

0x00353F48 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x1590 - LBA48 capability flag (4 bytes)

offset 0x17E8 - request table (0x58 * 16 bytes)

offset 0x1DB8 - request timer active flag (1 byte)

Regions

Index	Start sector	Number of sectors
0	0x0	0x950F8B0
1	0x8	0x80000
2	0x80018	0x7C8F898
3	0x7D0F8B8	0x3FFFF8
4	0x810F8B8	0x13FFFF8
5	-	-
6	-	-
7	-	-

Supported Device Commands

Here is the list of commands supported by HDD storage device.

• The commands can be used with HV call lv1_storage_send_device_command.
• However, before a command is executed HV does bit manipulation with it and checks it against the value of repository node ss.laid or also called LPAR Authority ID. If this test fails then the command is NOT executed.

Command	Description
0x2	LV1_STORAGE_SEND_ATA_COMMAND
0x10	-
0x1B	ATA Set UltraDMA Mode
0x1C	ATA Set Features PIO Flow Control Transfer Mode
0x21	-
0x22	ATA Identify Device
0x23	LV1_STORAGE_ATA_HDDOUT (ATA Flush Cache Ext)
0x26	ATA Read Alternative Status
0x27	ATA Read Error
0x28	-
0x31	ATA Flush Cache/ATA Flush Cache Ext
0x32	ATA Standby Immediate
0x33	-

Virtual FLASH device (VFLASH)

device id = 3 (on Linux)/ 4 (on GameOS)

block size = 512

• It's a pseudo device.
• This storage device redirects all requests to the region 1 of HDD storage device !!!

vtable

0x00353D88 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0xD60 - pointer to a storage device that all requests are redirected to

offset 0xD68 - region ID of the storage device that all requests are redirected to

Regions

Index	Start sector	Number of sectors
0	0x0	0x80000
1	0x8	0x75F8
2	0x7800	0x63E00
3	0x6B600	0x8000
4	0x73600	0x400
5	0x73A00	0x2000
6	0x77C00	0x200
7	-	-

Supported Device Commands

Here is the list of commands supported by VFLASH storage device.

Index	Start sector	Number of sectors
0x31	ATA Flush Cache/ATA Flush Cache Ext	-

/dev/rflash1_1x and /dev/rflash_1xp

• These LPAR 1 devices access region 5 of UNKNOWN storage device.
• In region 5 of UNKNOWN storage device is e.g. LINUX image stored.

GameOS's dev_flash

• dev_flash has FAT16 file system.
• Accesses to GameOS's dev_flash are routed to UNKNOWN storage device region 2
• To decrypt sectors read from this region use as flags 0x4 !!! Without using flags 0x4 the sectors will be encrypted.
• The sectors are decrypted not by GameOS but by ENCDEC device.

Here is a snippet from raw dev_flash dump made with HV call lv1_storage_read (flags 0x4) from GameOS:

Offset      0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7   8  9  A  B  C  D  E  F

00000000   E9 00 00 20 20 20 20 20  20 20 20 00 02 10 10 00   é..        .....
00000010   02 00 02 00 00 F8 70 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   .....øp.........
00000020   00 3E 06 00 00 00 29 00  00 00 00 4E 4F 20 4E 41   .>....)....NO NA
00000030   4D 45 20 20 20 20 46 41  54 31 36 20 20 20 00 00   ME    FAT16   ..
00000040   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00000050   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00000060   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00000070   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00000080   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00000090   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000000A0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000000B0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000000C0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000000D0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000000E0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000000F0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00000100   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00000110   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00000120   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00000130   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00000140   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00000150   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00000160   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00000170   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00000180   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00000190   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000001A0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000001B0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000001C0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000001D0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000001E0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000001F0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 55 AA   ..............Uª

Methods

initialize_virtual_flash - 0x00282954 (3.15)

Enqueueing and Scheduling of Storage Requests

• HV uses a simple FIFO scheduling algorithm for Storage Requests and a request timeout.
• Each storage device has a table of size 16 to store incomming and pending Storage Requests
• ENCDEC storage device has a table of size 32 to store incomming and pending Storage Requests
• When a new Storage Request is submitted e.g. by HV call lv1_storage_read or lv1_storage_write, the table is scanned for a free slot, if there are no pending Storage Requests then the Storage Request is executed immediately
• When a Storage Request is completed, the finished Storage Reuqest is passed to function storage_device_async_request_complete and the table of Storage Requests is scanned again for the next pending Storage Request which will be executed
• There are 2 types of Storage Requests: Read/Write (1) and Device Command (2).
• Read and Write Storage Requests use the same HV function of a Storage Device to enqueue the request. Before Write Storage Request is inserted into the Request Table of a Storage Device, the flags parameter passed e.g. in lv1_storage_read or lv1_storage_write is ored with 0x8. That is how HV differentiates between Read and Write Storage Requests.

Storage Device Request Table

• Each request slot is of size 0x58

Request Slot

offset 0x0 - state: 1 - free, 2 - ? (4 bytes)

offset 0x4 - type: 1 - Read/Write, 2 - Command, 0x86 - ENCDEC command (4 bytes)

offset 0x10 - request tag (8 bytes)

offset 0x20 - start sector (8 bytes)

offset 0x28 - sector count (4 bytes)

ENCDEC Storage Device

• Request Table begins at offset 0xDC0 of ENCDEC storage device.

RBD Storage Device

• Request Table begins at offset 0x1808 of RBD storage device.

FLASH Storage Device

• Request Table begins at offset 0x18F0 of FLASH storage device.

HDD Storage Device

• Request Table begins at offset 0x17E8 of HDD storage device.

Methods

storage_device_HDD_enqueue_request - 0x0026E21C (3.15)

storage_device_HDD_do_device_command - 0x0026CED0 (3.15)

storage_device_HDD_do_request - 0x0026DED8 (3.15)

storage_device_HDD_request_complete - 0x0026E57C (3.15)

storage_device_FLASH_enqueue_request - 0x0027A518 (3.15)

storage_device_FLASH_do_request - 0x00278D1C (3.15)

storage_device_FLASH_do_device_command - 0x00279250 (3.15)

FLASH_Memory_SS2_on_complete - 0x00278E48 (3.15)

storage_device_async_request_complete - 0x00255184 (3.15)

storage_device_TransLparAddrToPhysAddr - 0x002533B4 (3.15)

storage_device_add_async_request_locked - 0x002527B8 (3.15)

storage_device_RBD_enqueue_request - 0x002723F0 (3.15)

storage_device_RBD_do_request - 0x0025EF70 (3.15)

storage_device_RBD_do_next_request - 0x00270994 (3.15)

storage_device_RBD_request_complete - 0x00271FD4 (3.15)

storage_device_rbd_do_request - 0x0025EE94 (3.41)

storage_device_rbd_do_device_command - 0x0027061C (3.41)

Encryption and Decryption of Storage Devices

HDD

• ENCDEC peripheral device is used for HDD encryption/decryption
• Write request is first passed to ENCDEC device for encryption. When ENCDEC device is done, it calls a callback and passes the encrypted data to the callback. The callback writes the encrypted data with ATA WriteDMAExt command to HDD.
• When a storage device request is processed by HV, Storage Subsystem checks if cryptography is enabled for the storage device.
• HV checks 1 byte of data owned by the storage device and when the value of this flag is not 0 then it uses encryption/decryption.
• By setting this flag to 0 at runtime, encryption/decryption of storage devices can be disabled at runtime.
• We could patch lv1.self so that encryption/decryption of storage devices is disabled permanently.
• HDD sectors can be both decrypted and encrypted with HV calls

UFS2

• Superblock starts at sector 0x80.
• At the end of the superblock structure you will find UFS2 signature 0x19540119.

Here is the decrypted superblock of UFS2 filesystem:

Offset      0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7   8  9  A  B  C  D  E  F

00010000   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 28 00 00 00 30   ...........(...0
00010010   00 00 00 38 00 00 0B B8  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ...8...¸........
00010020   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 78 10 00 00 01 5C   ..........x....\
00010030   00 00 40 00 00 00 08 00  00 00 00 08 00 00 00 08   ..@.............
00010040   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  FF FF C0 00 FF FF F8 00   ........ÿÿÀ.ÿÿø.
00010050   00 00 00 0E 00 00 00 0B  00 00 00 08 00 00 08 00   ................
00010060   00 00 00 03 00 00 00 02  00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010070   00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00  00 00 00 40 00 00 00 00   ...........@....
00010080   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010090   00 00 00 00 F5 35 BD 07  00 00 00 00 00 00 18 00   ....õ5½.........
000100A0   00 00 40 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ..@.............
000100B0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 5C 00 00 01 6F 70   ..........\...op
000100C0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000100D0   00 00 00 80 2F 63 65 6C  6C 5F 6D 77 5F 63 66 73   ...€/cell_mw_cfs
000100E0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000100F0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010100   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010110   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010120   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010130   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010140   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010150   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010160   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010170   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010180   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010190   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000101A0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000101B0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000101C0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000101D0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000101E0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000101F0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010200   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010210   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010220   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010230   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010240   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010250   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010260   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010270   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010280   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010290   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000102A0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000102B0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000102C0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000102D0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7C  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   .......|........
000102E0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000102F0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010300   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010310   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010320   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010330   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  80 00 00 00 00 55 FD 70   ........€....Uýp
00010340   80 00 00 00 00 55 E0 00  80 00 00 00 00 55 F8 00   €....Uà.€....Uø.
00010350   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 40 00   ..............@.
00010360   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010370   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010380   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010390   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000103A0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000103B0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000103C0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000103D0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000103E0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00   ................
000103F0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3C  00 00 00 00 00 3B D3 23   .......<.....;Ó#
00010400   00 00 00 00 00 7D 0F 82  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9F   .....}.‚.......Ÿ
00010410   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010420   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010430   00 00 00 00 49 B0 5E 3B  00 00 00 00 01 F2 3E 26   ....I°^;.....ò>&
00010440   00 00 00 00 01 E2 86 3B  00 00 00 00 00 00 0B B8   .....â†;.......¸
00010450   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010460   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010470   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010480   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010490   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000104A0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 40 00   ..............@.
000104B0   00 00 00 40 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ...@............
000104C0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000104D0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000104E0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
000104F0   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010500   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010510   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
00010520   00 00 00 03 00 00 00 08  00 00 00 78 00 00 00 00   ...........x....
00010530   00 00 80 10 02 02 FF FF  00 00 00 00 00 00 3F FF   ..€...ÿÿ......?ÿ
00010540   00 00 00 00 00 00 07 FF  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   .......ÿ........
00010550   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 19 54 01 19   .............T..

Other examples:

http://pastebin.com/3L241qu3
http://pastebin.com/WJv40nUQ
http://pastie.org/1529241
http://pastie.org/1588747

SATA/ATA/ATAPI

ATA Interrupt Handler

0x0026B984 (3.15)

ATA_SetDMA

0x00268ADC (3.15)

ATA_make_PRD_table

0x00267DB4 (3.15)

This function initializes a PRD (Physical Region Descriptor) table.

ClearPATACInterrupt

0x00267CAC (3.15)

EnablePATACInterrupt

0x00267D44 (3.15)

DisablePATACInterrupt

0x00267AF0 (3.15)

ATA_read_AltStatus_reg

0x00267C40 (3.15)

This function reads the ATA Alternate Status Register and returns it's value.

ATA_write_DATA_reg

0x00268A10 (3.15)

This function writes a 16-bit value to the ATA Data Register.

ATA_read_DATA_reg

0x0026887C (3.15)

ATA_write_DATA

0x0026635C (3.15)

This function writes several 16-bit values to the ATA Data register.

ATA_write_CMD_reg

0x002688A0 (3.15)

ATA_read_Error_reg

0x00267BD4 (3.15)

ATA_write_Features_reg

0x002689F0 (3.15)

ATA_write_DevCtrl_reg

0x00267BB4 (3.15)

ATA_write_TaskFile_regs

0x00266BC8 (3.15) 0x002665A0 (3.15)

ATA_send_ATAPI_cmd

0x002655F4 (3.15)

ATA_send_cmd

0x0026580C (3.15)

ATA_send_ReadSectors_cmd

This function uses LBA28.

0x0025D2B4 (3.15)

ATA_send_WriteSectors_cmd

This function uses LBA28.

0x0025CEF4 (3.15)

ATA_send_ReadDMA_cmd

This function uses LBA28.

0x0025D380 (3.15)

ATA_send_WriteDMA_cmd

This function uses LBA28.

0x0025CFB8 (3.15)

ATA_send_ReadDMAExt_cmd

This function uses LBA48.

0x0025D74C (3.15)

ATA_send_WriteDMAExt_cmd

This function uses LBA48.

0x0025D664 (3.15)

ATA_send_IdentifyDevice_cmd

0x0025D4D8 (3.15)

ATA_send_IdentifyPacketDevice_cmd

0x0025D448 (3.15)

ATA_send_FlushCache_cmd

0x0025D5E8 (3.15)

ATA_send_FlushCacheExt_cmd

0x0025D568 (3.15)

ATA_send_StandbyImmediate_cmd

0x0025D07C (3.15)

ATA_send_SetFeatures_cmd

0x0025D208 (3.15)

ATA_send_SMARTEnable_cmd

0x0025D0F8 (3.15)

ATA_send_SMARTSaveAttributeValue_cmd

0x0025D180 (3.15)

ATA_SetUDMAMode

0x00260EE8 (3.15)

Parameters

r5 - UltraDMA mode (0-5)

Booting a Bootloader from VFLASH

Coming soon !!!

High precision timers

These timers are used e.g. in SATA/ATA/ATAPI driver.

timer_add

0x002C3F2C (3.15)

timer_del

0x002C41AC (3.15)

timer_run_expired

This function is called from HDEC interrupt handler.

0x002C4020 (3.15)

timer_set_HDEC

0x002BCF80 (3.15)

SPE

There are 3 SPE classes.

The HV call lv1_construct_logical_spe can create LogicalSPE, SPEType1 and SPEType2 objects.

The syscall 0x10040 creates only SPEType1 objects.

The SPEType1 and SPEType2 objects cannot be created when isolation mode is disabled. The right most bit of repository node sys.lv1.iso_enbl is checked and when it's not 1 then the SPEType1 and SPEType2 objects cannot be created. In LPAR 1, this check succeedes always. Only in LPARs different from 1, the repository node sys.lv1.iso_enbl is checked.

LogicalSPE

SPE type = 0

Objects of this class are used e.g. on Linux.

vtable

0x00358360 (3.15)

offset 0x20 - pointer to TOC entry of interrupt handler for SPE

Member variables

offset 0x38 - pointer to LPAR obj that owns this SPE obj

offset 0x78 - table of pointers to Outlet objects (3 * 8 bytes, one for each Class 0-2)

offset 0xB0 - pointer to VAS object

offset 0xC8 - pointer to Logical PPE object

offset 0xE0 - SPE id

offset 0x1A0 - pointer to MMIO Memory Region object

offset 0x1A8 - pointer to Shadow Registers Memory Region object

Objects

Here is the list of logical SPE objects i found in HV 3.15:

• 0x003A82E0 - SPE id 0
• 0x003A8660 - SPE id 1
• 0x003ABA00 - SPE id 2
• 0x003B4010 - SPE id 3
• 0x003B4D60 - SPE id 4
• 0x003B5970 - SPE id 5

SPEType1

SPE type = 1

vtable

0x00359750

Member Variables

offset 0x198 - pointer to MMIO Memory Region object

offset 0x1A0 - pointer to Shadow Registers Memory Region object

SPEType2

SPE type = 2

vtable

0x00359790

SPE Register Shadow Area

• HV createas a SPE Register Shadow Area for each contstructed SPE.
• The area is 1 4Kb page of physical memory.
• When SPE state changes then HV updates data in this area.
• The value of shadow_addr that is returned by lv1_construct_logical_spe is a LPAR start address of this area and it cannot be accessed until it's mapped in the HTAB.
• The SPE Register Shadow Area may be mapped only with read-only page protection or else HV call lv1_insert_htab_entry fails. I tested it with PSGroove and could map the whole memory range and read it after i constructed SPE of type 1 with lv1_construct_logical_spe.
• The shadow_addr is also returned by syscall_10040 (that creates SPE of type 1) but it returns already mapped Process address so HV Processes do not have to map it in HTAB.
• When an isoated SPU is done, HV Processes checks the value at offset 0x30 to determine if the SPU execution was successfull or not.
• GameOS checks also the value at offset 0x30 in the SPE Shadow Area.
• When GameOS creates SPE of type 1 then it maps only SPE Register Shadow Area into it's address space.

SPE Register Shadow Area Offsets

0x30 - SPU_Status register value (4 bytes)

0xF10 - ?

0xF18 - ?

Stop Code

• The high-order 16 bit of SPU_Status register value is a Stop Code.

Here is the list of Stop Codes i extracted from HV Processes which read the value at offset 0x30 when SPU is done:

Value	Description
0xA	Success
0xC	Access Violation (LPAR auth id error)
0xE	?
0xF	Revoked
0x12	Invalid Parameter
0x13	?
0x17	Invalid Parameter
0x25	?

SPU_send_MFC_cmd

0x002B09B0 (3.15)

This function programs a MFC.

SPU_write_MFC_cmd_status_reg

0x002AEE70 (3.15)

SPU_write_Sig_Notify1_reg

0x002AEF4C (3.15)

SPU_write_Sig_Notify2_reg

0x002AEF30 (3.15)

SPU_write_Sig_Notify1_and_Notify2

0x002B0A78 (3.15)

SPU_enable_iso_load_request

0x002AEDE0 (3.15)

SPU_iso_load_request

0x002AEED0 (3.15)

SPU_enable_runcntl

0x002AEB24 (3.15)

SPU_stop_request

0x002AEEF0 (3.15)

SPU_run_request

0x002AEF10 (3.15)

SPU_read_status_reg

0x002AE978 (3.15)

SPU_read_Mbox_Stat_reg

0x002AE998 (3.15)

lv1_undocumented_function_62

Updates SLB entry.

Parameters

%r3 - SPE id

%r4 - ? (valid values: 0 - 3)

%r5 - SLB entry index (valid values: 0 - 7)

%r6 - ESID

%r7 - VSID

spe_type1_interrupt_handler

0x0030E238 (3.15)

spe_type2_interrupt_handler

0x003103F8 (3.15)

spe_type3_interrupt_handler

0x002F36F4 (3.15)

Isolation

Loaders Table

• All the binary files needed for isolation and decryption are already stored in HV memory !!!
• They are probably loaded during HV initialization from FLASH.
• The table has 9 entries.
• Each entry is 16 bytes large.

0x00010100 (3.15)

Loaders Table Entry

offset 0x0 - pointer to data in memory

offset 0x8 - size of data

Here are the contents of the Loaders Table from HV 3.15:

Index	Name	Address of Data in HV Dump	Size of Data	Entry Id
0	lv1ldr	0x0C150000	0x1E5CC	0x01
1	metldr	0x00011000	0xE8D0	0x00
2	lv2ldr	0x00020000	0x16DA0	0x02
3	isoldr	0x00055000	0x12E44	0x04
4	appldr	0x00037000	0x1DAE4	0x03
5	EID0	0x00068000	0x860	0x0C
6	QA Flag	0x00069010	0x8	0x0F
7	QA Flag Token	0x00069020	0x50	0x10
8	Trace Level	0x00069070	0x8	0x11

Methods

get_iso_loaders_tab - 0x002B0B70 (3.15)

iso_loaders_tab_get_entry - 0x002B0CB8 (3.15)

metldr

Loading metldr

• Physical/Virtual memory address of an isolation module that should be loaded by metldr is written into SPU register SPU_In_Mbox. The SPU register SPU_In_Mbox is 32bit, so 64bit memory address is written in 2 steps.
• MFC relocation is turned off by clearing R-bit in SPU register MFC_SR1. By doing this, HV enables real address mode for MFC of SPU.
• On GameOS, it also works with relocation on. You just have to initialize SLB of SPU and insert valid SLB entries.
• Physical/Virtual memory address of metldr is written to SPU registers Sig_Notify1 and Sig_Notify2
• Isolation load request is enabled by writing SPU register SPU_PrivCntl
• Isolation load request is made by writing value 0x3 into SPU register SPU_RunCntl

Methods

SPE_load_request_metldr - 0x002B00A4 (3.15)

lv2ldr

• lv2ldr is used to decrypt lv2_kernel.self
• syscalls 0x10042 and 0x1004A use lv2ldr
• syscall 0x10042 is used by HV Process 3 during LV2 LPAR construction
• syscall 0x1004A uses different parameters as syscall 0x10042

Methods

SPE_load_request_lv2ldr_1 - 0x002AE82C (3.15)

SPE_load_request_lv2ldr_2 - 0x002AE8D8 (3.15)

Loading lv2ldr

• 64 bit memory address of lv2ldr is written into 32 bit SPU register SPU_In_Mbox
• metldr is loaded

isoldr

• isoldr is used for executing isolated SPUs
• syscall 0x10043 and HV call lv1_undocumented_function_209 use isoldr to execute isolated SPUs
• EID0 data is transferred to Local Storage Address 0x3E400 by MFC
• Revoke List For Program is transferred to Local Storage Address 0x3F000 by MFC

Revoke List For Programs

0x00361980 (3.15)

Methods

SPE_load_request_isoldr - 0x002B0394

Loading isoldr

• 64 bit memory address of isoldr is written into 32 bit SPU register SPU_In_Mbox
• metldr is loaded

appldr

• appldr is used for decryption of SELFs or EDATs
• HV call lv1_authenticate_program_segment loads appldr

Methods

SPE_load_request_appldr - 0x002AE900

Loading appldr

• 64 bit memory address of appldr is written into 32 bit SPU register SPU_In_Mbox
• metldr is loaded

Decrypting SELFs with appldr and lv1_authenticate_program_segment

• lv1_authenticate_program_segment loads and prepares appldr for SELF decryption.
• When appldr is ready to decrypt data, it sends a message via mailbox.
• The address and the size of the encrypted data is passed to appldr via a shared memory.

Socket

The socket supports only one address family 0x1F, one socket type 0 and one protocol 0.

Socket address

Socket address is called port ID. Valid port IDs are 0-63. Port ID 0 is reserved.

Socket state

2 - LISTEN

Socket table

The socket table contains 64 entries, one for each port ID. Each entry is 16 bytes large.

The socket table is at 0x0035F6E8 (3.15).

Here is the list of opened sockets i found in HV 3.15:

• 0x00091FE0 (port ID 0x23, accepts connections)
• 0x00127850 (port ID 0x24, accepts connections)
• 0x0012F810 (port ID 0x25, accepts connections)

Socket table entry

offset 0x0 - pointer to Socket obj

offset 0x8 - socket accepts connections or not (0 - does not accept, 1 - accepts, 1 byte)

vtable

0x00355DB0 (3.15)

offset 0xB0 - bind

offset 0xB8 - listen

offset 0xC8 - connect

Member variables

offset 0x360 - socket state (4 bytes)

offset 0x368 - port ID (8 bytes)

offset 0x370 - max backlog queue size (8 bytes)

Virtual Address Space

VAS

vtable

0x00357958 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x18 - pointer to LPAR that owns this VAS object

offset 0x48 - VAS id (8 bytes)

offset 0x70 - number of page sizes (4 bytes)

offset 0x74 - log2 of HTAB size

offset 0x78 - pointer to HTAB object

Objects

Here is the list of the VAS objects i found in HV dump 3.15:

• 0x001C8050 (VAS id 2, LPAR 1)
• 0x003B4910 (VAS id 3, LPAR 2)
• 0x003BDB50 (VAS id 48, LPAR 2)

HTAB

0x38(-0x69A8(HSPRG0)) - pointer to the currently active HTAB in LPAR

vtable

0x003575B0 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x48 - pointer to first PTE

offset 0x60 - LPID (4 bytes)

offset 0x64 - log2 of HTAB size (4 bytes)

Objects

Here is the list of the HTAB objects i found in HV dump 3.15:

• 0x001C8270 (VAS id 2, LPAR 1)

 * 0x00180000 - HTAB PTEs (HTAB size 256 kB)

• 0x003A8050 (VAS id 3, LPAR 2)

 * 0x00500000 - HTAB PTEs (HTAB size 1 MB)

• 0x003BC510 (VAS id 48, LPAR 2)

 * 0x00800000 - HTAB PTEs (HTAB size 1 MB)

LPAR_change_HTAB

This function changes currently active HTAB. It writes to SDR1 register where HTAB address and size is stored.

0x002BE5D4 (3.15)

Process SLB

Each HV process has 16 SLB entries.

Each SLB entry is 16 bytes large and is in format expected by opcode slbmte.

Most of the entries are zero (invalid).

Each process has 4 valid SLB entries: code, data, heap and stack.

Process 3

SLB entries

0x0012D1F0 (3.15)

Name	ESID	VSID
code	0x8	0x38
data	0xC	0x3C
heap	0xA	0x3A
stack	0xF	0x3F

Process 5

SLB entries

0x00093120 (3.15)

Name	ESID	VSID
code	0x8	0x48
data	0xC	0x4C
heap	0xA	0x4A
stack	0xF	0x4F

Process 6

SLB entries

0x000E6960 (3.15)

Name	ESID	VSID
code	0x8	0x58
data	0xC	0x5C
heap	0xA	0x5A
stack	0xF	0x5F

Process 9

SLB entries

0x00763E20 (3.15)

Name	ESID	VSID
code	0x8	0x8
data	0xC	0xC
heap	0xA	0xA
stack	0xF	0xF

VUART

VUART is a bi-directional communication link. A VUART object has a peer VUART object.

Data written to a VUART object is stored NOT in the data buffer of the VUART object but in the data buffer of the peer VUART object.

VUART table

Every LPAR has a VUART table. A VUART table has 256 entries. Each entry is a pointer to a VUART object that implements VUART interface.

0x00677218 (3.15) - address of VUART table of LPAR 1

Here is the list of all VUART objects in LPAR 1 i found in HV 3.15:

• 0x006ABD90 - VUART 0
• 0x006ABEB0 - VUART 1
• 0x006A3CB0 - VUART 2
• 0x006A3DD0 - VUART 3
• 0x000A3410 - VUART 5
• 0x000A3250 - VUART 6

VUART [0-3] are used by /dev/sc[0-3] respectively.

VUART [0-3] are linked to VUART objects of different type i could not yet identify. These unknown VUART objects use eieio opcode a lot. So i think, they communicate with hardware peripheral.

A write/read to/from /dev/sc[0-3] is a write/read to/from VUART.

0x00762AA8 (3.15) - address of VUART table of LPAR 2

Here is the list of all VUART objects in LPAR 2 i found in HV 3.15:

• 0x00126660 - VUART 0
• 0x000A3010 - VUART 2

VUART 0 and VUART 2 of LPAR 2 are created by Process 9 during LPAR construction.

VUART class

Member variables

offset 0x48 - pointer to peer VUART object

offset 0x58 - write pointer into data ring buffer

offset 0x60 - read pointer into data ring buffer

offset 0x68 - pointer to data ring buffer

offset 0x70 - size of data ring buffer (8 bytes)

offset 0x78 - size of data stored in data ring buffer currently (8 bytes)

offset 0x88 - tx trigger (8 bytes)

offset 0x90 - rx trigger (8 bytes)

offset 0x98 - interrupt mask (8 bytes)

offset 0xA8 - port number (4 bytes)

Methods

pmpi_read_virtual_uart(port, buf, size, nread) - 0x002EB30C (3.15)

pmpi_write_virtual_uart(port, buf, size, nwritten) - 0x002EB0EC (3.15)

VUART_read(pointer to VUART object, buf, size, nread) - 0x002E8654 (3.15)

VUART_write(pointer to VUART object, buf, size, nwritten) - 0x002E8428 (3.15)

Guest OS VUART 0 (AV Manager)

All data sent to VUART 0 in LPAR 2 is written into the data buffer of VUART 5 of LPAR 1.

VUART 5 of LPAR 1 is accessed by Process 9 in LPAR 1 through the file /proc/partitions/2/vuart/0.

• Process 9 of LPAR 1 uses RSX syscalls to access RSX driver and memory mapped device access (/dev/ioif0).

Guest OS VUART 2 (System Manager)

All data sent to VUART 2 in LPAR 2 is written into the data buffer of VUART 6 of LPAR 1.

VUART 6 of LPAR 1 is accessed by Process 9 in LPAR 1 through the file /proc/partitions/2/vuart/2.

• System manager supports 62 (0-61) service ids.
• Process 9 has a SID table. SID table has 62 entries.
• Each entry is a pointer to a function responsible for processing SID packets.

AV Manager

Crossreference: gitbrew.org::AV Manager

• AV Manager is running in Process 9 of HV.
• It communicates with Guest OS through /proc/partitions/0/vuart/0 file.
• GameOS accesses AV Manager through syscalls 367 - 370.
• PS2 Soft EMU accesses AV Manager also.

• Communicates with SYSCON 0 (/dev/sc0)
• Communicates with IOIF0 (/dev/ioif0 or RSX)

Commands

Get HDCP KSV (0xC)

• Returns HDCP KSV
• HDMI KSV is read from SYSCON
• KSV is stored in memory dump of HV process 9 (where AV Manager runs)

SYSCON request packet:

30 01 0200 0000 8033 00000000 0004 0004 11 00 0000 0000ff01

Set HDMI Mode (0x40001)

• Sets HDMI mode
• Mode is set by SYSCON
• Disabling HDCP

System Manager (SM)

• System Manager (SM) is running in Process 9 of HV.
• It communicates with Guest OS through /proc/partitions/2/vuart/2 file.
• GameOS accesses SM through syscalls 372 - 415

System Manager class

Member variables

offset 0x10 - LPAR state (8 bytes)

offset 0x68 - LPAR auth id

offset 0x70 - LPAR name

offset 0x90 - LPAR image path

offset 0x1C0 - LPAR ability (8 bytes)

Types of System Manager

• There are 6 different SM types
• When Process 9 starts it reads profile file, by default DEFAULT.SPP, by sending requests to SPL (Secure Profile Loader) and constructs System Managers listed in this profile file.
• So, the profile file controls which System Manager types are available later.

Name	LPAR name
SCE_CELLOS_PME	-
SCE_CELLOS_SYSTEM_MGR	PS3_LPAR
SCE_CELLOS_SYSTEM_MGR_PS2	PS2_LPAR
SCE_CELLOS_SYSTEM_MGR_PS2_SW	PS2_SW_LPAR
SCE_CELLOS_SYSTEM_MGR_PS2_GX	PS2_GX_LPAR
SCE_CELLOS_SYSTEM_MGR_LINUX	LINUX_LPAR

Ability Bitmask

Index	Name	Ability Bitmask (Hex)	Ability Bitmask (Binary)
0	SCE_CELLOS_PME	0x1	0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001
1	SCE_CELLOS_SYSTEM_MGR	0x3BF7EF	0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0011 1011 1111 0111 1110 1111
2	SCE_CELLOS_SYSTEM_MGR_PS2_SW	0x1226D	0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 0010 0010 0110 1101
3	SCE_CELLOS_SYSTEM_MGR_LINUX	0x40012	0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0100 0000 0000 0001 0010

Bit Position (from right)	SID	Description
1	5 (SET_NEXT_OP)	Shutdown or Reboot LPAR
2	5 (SET_NEXT_OP)	Boot PS3 LPAR
3	5 (SET_NEXT_OP)	Boot PS2_SW LPAR
4	5 (SET_NEXT_OP)	Boot LINUX LPAR
5	12 (CONTROL_LED)	Control LED
6	21 (RING_BUZZER)	Ring Buzzer
7	19 (SET_CONFIG)	Set Config
9	25 / 50 (FAN_POLICY)	Fan Policy
10	26 (REQUEST_ERROR_LOG)	Request Error Log
10	28 (REQUEST_BE_COUNT)	Request BE Count
10	32 (REQUEST_SYSTEM_EVENT_LOG)	Request System Event Log
12	30 (REQUEST_SC_VERSION)	Request SC Version
14	39 (SET_SHOP_DEMO_MODE)	Set Shop Demo Mode

Service ID (SID)

SM supports 62 (0-61) SIDs.

The value of SM member variable ability controls which SIDs may be used by LPAR.

SID	Name	Description
0	-	-
1	REQUEST	-
2	RESPONSE	-
3	COMMAND	-
4	EXTERN_EVENT	-
5	SET_NEXT_OP	-
6	-	-
7	-	-
8	SET_ATTR	-
9	GET_INTER_LPAR_PARAM	-
10	SET_INTER_LPAR_PARAM	-
11	-	-
12	CONTROL_LED	-
13	TEMPERATURE	-
14	-	-
15	Shares data with 25	-
16	-	-
17	-	-
18	-	-
19	SET_CONFIG	-
20	-	-
21	RING_BUZZER	-
22	-	-
23	-	-
24	-	-
25	FAN_POLICY	-
26	REQUEST_ERROR_LOG	-
27	-	-
28	REQUEST_BE_COUNT	-
29	-	-
30	REQUEST_SC_VERSION	-
31	-	-
32	REQUEST_SYSTEM_EVENT_LOG	-
33	-	-
34	RTC_ALARM	-
35	-	-
36	RTC_ALARM	-
37	-	-
38	RTC_ALARM	-
39	SET_SHOP_DEMO_MODE	-
40	BOOT_PARAMETER	-
41	-	-
42	BOOT_PARAMETER	-
43	-	-
44	FACTORY_PROCESS_COMP	-
45	-	-
46	FACTORY_PROCESS_COMP	-
47	-	-
48	FACTORY_PROCESS_COMP	-
49	-	-
50	FAN_POLICY	-
51	-	-
52	-	-
53	-	-
54	-	-
55	-	-
56	-	-
57	-	-
58	-	-
59	-	-
60	-	-
61	-	-

12 - CONTROL_LED

• I have tested this service with PSGroove and GameOS is allowed to use it.
• GameOS syscall 386 uses this service.

Packet Body

struct sysmgr_ctrl_led
{
    u8 field0;
    u8 field1;
    u8 field2;
    u8 res1;
    u8 field4;
    u8 field5;
    u8 res2[10];
};

Parameters

I have tested the following parameters with this service:

field0	field1	field2	field4	field5	Description
0x1	0x0	0xFF	0xFF	0xFF	Turns off the power button LED
0x1	0x1	0xFF	0xFF	0xFF	Turns on the power button LED

21 - RING_BUZZER

• I have tested this service with PSGroove and GameOS is allowed to use it

Packet Body

struct sysmgr_ring_buzzer
{
    u8 res1;
    u8 field1;
    u8 field2;
    u8 res2;
    u32 field4;
};

Parameters

I have tested the following parameters with this service:

field1	field2	field4	Description
0x29	0x4	0x6	Makes a short single beep
0x29	0xA	0x1B6	Makes a triple beep
0x29	0x7	0x36	-
0x29	0xA	0xFFF	Makes a continuous beep

field 1 seems relative to beep tone, as 0x25 sounds different

Active System Managers in HV dump 3.15

There are 4 active SMs in HV dump.

Index	Name	LPAR auth id	LPAR image pathname	Ability Bitmask (Hex)
0	SCE_CELLOS_PME	0x1070000001000001	/flh/os/this_is_dummy	0x1
1	SCE_CELLOS_SYSTEM_MGR	0x1070000002000001	/flh/os/lv2_kernel.self	0x3BF7EF
2	SCE_CELLOS_SYSTEM_MGR_PS2_SW	0x1020000003000001	/local_sys0/ps2emu/ps2_softemu.self	0x1226D
3	SCE_CELLOS_SYSTEM_MGR_LINUX	0x1080000004000001	/flh/lx/linux	0x40012

• GameOS file image lv2_kernel.self is stored on /dev/rflash1
• Linux file image is stored on /dev/rflash_1x or /dev/rflash_1xp

Booting Linux LPAR through System Manager

To boot Linux LPAR from GameOS when Linux support was not removed (Ability Mask of PS3 System Manager needs patching !!!):

• Send SID packet SET_NEXT_OP with operation OP_LPAR_REBOOT and the index of Linux system manager to System Manager (VUART 2)
• Send SID packet REQUEST with type SHUTDOWN to System Manager (VUART 2)
• Execute lv1_panic HV call in GameOS

It should also work when Linux support was removed but Linux system manager was not removed from Process 9 and also assumed that a Linux kernel image is stored at the right place in /dev/rflash_1x.

It's just a theory, nothing else, that i gathered during HV reversing. It needs a practical proof. Unfortunately, i don't have access to Hypervisor.

Booting modified and reencrypted lv2_kernel.self

• The System Manager of GameOS sends the path to lv2_kernel.self to SLL (Secure LPAR Loader) and SLL loads it from FLASH device file /dev/rflash1
• I stored a new lv2_kernel.self on FLASH directly by writing FLASH from GameOS. It't risky but if you know what you are doing then it's safe. I warned you guys. You could brick your PS3.
• Then i added a new TOC entry to FLASH device which points to the new lv2_kernel.self
• I patched the path to lv2_kernel.self in the System Manager of GameOS so it points to my new GameOS kernel (You need HV rights to do it)
• Then i rebooted GameOS without rebooting HV, so the patched file path should not change
• This method has the advantage that when the new lv2_kernel.self won't work you can just reboot HV and it will load the original lv2_kernel.self again
• lv2_kernel.self can be also loaded from GameOS dev_flash. For that, you have to change the path to lv2_kernel.self in default.spp from /flh/os/lv2_kernel.self to /local_sys0/lv2_kernel.self and store lv2_kernel.self on dev_flash.

AV Manager

All data sent to VUART 0 in LPAR 2 is written into the data buffer of VUART 5 of LPAR 1.

VUART 5 of LPAR 1 is accessed by Process 9 in LPAR 1 through the file /proc/partitions/2/vuart/0.

• During initialization, AV Manager opens /dev/ioif0 device and maps different address ranges of the device into address space of Process 9
• /dev/ioif0 is NOT opened and mapped if the value of repository node lv1.rsx.enable is less than 1
• /dev/ioif0 is mapped with READ/WRITE protection
• File descriptor of /dev/ioif0 in Process 9 is 4
• AV Manager supports a lot more commands than used on Linux
• Every command is implemented by a class

Mapped Address Ranges From /dev/ioif0

The base address of /dev/ioif0 is 0x28000000000. The device supports only mmap system call, it cannot be read or written. It also doesn't support ioctl.

Index	Absolute Address Range	Size	Mapped Address in Process 9 Address Space
0	0x28000000000 - 0x28000002000	0x2000	0xA0019000
1	0x28001800000 - 0x28001801000	0x1000	0xA0004000
2	0x28000600000 - 0x28000604000	0x4000	0xA001A000
3	0x28000680000 - 0x28000684000	0x4000	0xA0006000
4	0x28000080000 - 0x28000088000	0x8000	0xA000A000
5	0x28000088000 - 0x28000089000	0x1000	0xA000E000
6	0x2800000C000 - 0x2800000D000	0x1000	0xA0016000
7	0x2800008A000 - 0x2800008B000	0x1000	0xA0017000
8	0x2800008C000 - 0x2800008D000	0x1000	0xA0018000

Process socket services

Function ID and Packet ID

• Processes 3, 5 and 6 provide services (functions) to other Processes through sockets (something like RPC).
• A service is identified by a function ID.
• Each process has a hash table which maps a function ID to socket port ID.
• Services (functions) can be further differentiated by a packet ID.
• To request a service, a Process sends a packet with specified function and packet ID to the Process that provides the service.
• A process that provides a service (function) has a table of objects which handle different packet IDs.
• Services are synchronous, a client sends a request and waits for a response.
• If a Process requests a service that is located in the same Process then the service is called directly and sockets are not used !!! (e.g. SLL requests from DM creating VUART port during GameOS loading, SLL and DM are in the same Process, so SLL calls DM directly)

Port ID - Process ID mapping

Port ID	Process ID
0x23	6
0x24	5
0x25	3

Function ID - Port ID mapping

Function ID	Port ID	Supported Packet IDs	Function Description
0x2000	0x23	0x2001 - 0x2017	Virtual TRM Manager
0x3000	0x24	0x3001 - 0x3003	Secure RTC
0x5000	0x23	0x5001 - 0x500A	Storage Manager
0x6000	0x23	0x6001 - 0x6011	Update Manager
0x8000	8	0x8001 - 0x8005	Updater Frontend
0x9000	0x24	0x9001 - 0x9016	SC Manager
0x10000	0x23	0x10001-0x10007	SBM (South Bridge Manager)
0x11000	0x25	0x11001 - 0x11002	SPM (Security Policy Manager)
0x14000	0x25	0x14004 - 0x14005	SLL (Secure LPAR Loader)
0x15000	0x24	0x15001, 0x15003, 0x15009	SPL (Secure Profile Loader)
0x17000	0x24	0x17001 - 0x17017	Indi Info Manager
0x18000	0x25	0x18001, 0x18002, 0x18004	Dispatcher Manager
0x19000	0x24	0x19002 - 0x19005	AIM
0x22000	0x16	0x22001 - 0x22004	Factory Data Manager
0x24000	0x23	0x24001 - 0x24002	USB Dongle Authenticator
0x25000	0x23	0x25001 - 0x25002	User Token Manager

SS Packet

• SS means Secure Service ?
• Processes send SS Packets to request a service or to reply to a service request.

Member variables

offset 0x8 - packet ID (8 bytes)

offset 0x10 - function ID (8 bytes)

offset 0x18 - return value (4 bytes)

offset 0x20 - subject ID (2 * 8 bytes)

Header

• All services use a common header.
• The header of a SS Packet is 0x28 bytes large.

struct ss_header
{
    uint64_t packet_id;
    uint64_t function_id;
    uint32_t retval;
    uint8_t res[4];
    uint64_t laid;             /* LPAR Authority ID */
    uint64_t paid;             /* Program Authority ID */
}

SS Service Return Values

Error Code	Description
0x00000000	Success
0x00000005	Access Violation
0x00000006	No Entry ?
0x00000009	Invalid Parameter
0x0000000F	Call Limit Exceeded ?

Body

• The body of a SS Packet follows after the header.
• The size of the body depends on a used service.

LPAR Memory Management

Memory Region class

This class is the base class for different memory region types.

vtable

0x003578B0 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x40 - pointer to LPAR object that owns this memory region

offset 0x48 - type of memory region (8 bytes)

offset 0x50 - LPAR start address of memory region

offset 0x58 - size of memory region (8 bytes)

offset 0x60 - flags (8 bytes)

offset 0xA0 - log2 of page size

Generating New LPAR Memory Region Addresses

generate_new_lpar_mem_region_address(?, memory region size, log2(page size), ?, ?) - 002C82E8 (3.15)

generate_new_lpar_mem_region_address - 002C6570 (3.41)

• The function returns a new LPAR memory region address.
• This method is used e.g. in all HV calls which create any kind of memory regions, e.g. lv1_allocate_memory, lv1_map_htab, lv1_undocumented_function_114, lv1_construct_logical_spe, lv1_map_device_mmio_region or syscall 0x10040.

Encoding LPAR Memory Region Start Addresses and Sizes

• Size of LPAR memory region is encoded in the LPAR memory region start address.
• That is why e.g. the LPAR Memory Region Start Addresses of LPAR Memory Region of size 4096 byte begin with 0x300000000000, 0x300000000000 >> 42 = 0xC = log2(4096).
• Each LPAR has a counter (8 bytes) which is incremented by 1 every time a new LPAR Memory Region is created.
• Before incrementing, the counter is shifted left by log2(LPAR Memory Region Size) and ored with log2(LPAR Memory Region Size) << 42.

LPAR Memory Region Start Address >> 42 = log2(LPAR Memory Region Size)

LPAR Memory Region Start Address = (log2(LPAR Memory Region Size) << 42) |
   (counter << log2(LPAR Memory Region Size))

LPAR Memory Region Address Counter

• LPAR Memory Region Address Counter is stored at address: 0x38(LPAR ptr) + 0x9E8
• LPAR1's Memory Region Address Counter is at address 0x00677A48 in HV dump 3.15
• LPAR2's Memory Region Address Counter is at address 0x007632D8 in HV dump 3.15
• LPAR1's Memory Region Address Counter is at address 0x00677A48 in HV dump 3.41
• LPAR2's Memory Region Address Counter is at address 0x00161E68 in HV dump 3.41

Physical Memory Region class

This type of memory region is created e.g. in lv1_allocate_memory HV call or in syscall 0x10000.

vtable

0x00357D08 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0xB0 - pointer to object that stores a list of addresses of physical pages owned by this memory region

offset 0xB8 - pointer to LPAR object that owns this memory region

offset 0xC0 - reference counter (8 bytes)

Objects

Here is the list of physical memory region objects i found in HV 3.15.

Address in HV dump	LPAR id	LPAR Start Address	Size	Flags	log2(Page Size)	Physical Page Addresses
0x006B5510	1	0x300000001000	0x1000	0x0	0xC	0x672000
0x006B5E50	1	0x440000040000	0x20000	0x0	0x11	0x6C0000
0x006B6980	1	0x440000060000	0x20000	0x0	0x11	0x6E0000
0x006B7F00	1	0x400000040000	0x10000	0x0	0x10	0x100000
0x003A80F0	2	0x6C0058000000	0x7000000	0x4	0x18	0x1000000 - 0x7000000
0x003BE800	2	0x300000047000	0x1000	0x0	0xC	0x1FA000
0x006BDAA0	2	0x0	0x8000000	0x8	0x1B (single huge page)	0x8000000

So, Linux kernel should be located at physical address 0x8000000 and Linux syscall handler at 0x8000C00. Too bad that the HV dump is not large enough.

GameOS Physical Memory Regions

• GameOS allocates nearly all physical memory of PS3 for itself !!! That is why new HV calls lv1_allocate_memory with large memory region sizes will fail.
• So when someone wants a large piece of physical memory, he can borrow it from GameOS's LPAR memory region that starts at 0x700020000000. It can be used for example to send update packages to Update Manager which are very large.

Here is the list of physical memory regions of GameOS i found in HV 3.41:

Start Address	Size	Access Right	Max Page Size	Flags	Real Addresses
0x0	0x1000000	0x3	0x18	0x8	0x1000000 - 0x1FFF000
0x500000300000	0xA0000	0x3	0x10	0x8	0x380000 - 0x38F000, 0x3B0000 - 0x3BF000, 0x1E0000 - 0x1FF000, 0x3C0000 - 0x3FF000, 0xFF00000 - 0xFF1F000
0x700020000000	0xE900000 (huge memory region)	0x3	0x14	0x0	0x400000 - 0x5FF000, 0x800000 - 0xFFF000, 0x2000000 - 0xFEFF000

HTAB Memory Region class

This memory region is created when a HTAB is mapped into LPAR's address space. It's created in lv1_map_htab HV call.

vtable

0x00357C98 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0xB0 - pointer to VAS object that owns the HTAB

Objects

Here is the list of HTAB memory region objects i found in HV 3.15.

Address in HV dump	LPAR id	VAS id	LPAR Start Address	Size	Flags	log2(Page Size)
0x001FE0F0	2	3	0x500000C00000	0x100000	0xC000000000000000	0x14
0x003BD850	2	3	0x500004300000	0x100000	0xC000000000000000	0x14
0x003BDEA0	2	3	0x500004500000	0x100000	0xC000000000000000	0x14

GameOS HTAB

• HTAB of GameOS is already mapped into address space of GameOS so that is why HV call lv1_map_htab will fail until you unmap it with lv1_unmap_htab
• Effective address of GameOS HTAB is 0x800000000F000000
• Virtual address of GameOS HTAB is 0xF000000
• Size of GameOS HTAB is 0x40000
• GameOS HTAB supports large pages of size 64K and 1M
• GameOS HTAB can be easily dumped by reading 0x40000 bytes at EA 0x800000000F000000

GameOS SLB

Here is the dump of SLB entries from GameOS 3.41:

0x8000000008000000  0x0000000000000500
0x8000000208000000  0x0000000000020500
0x8000000300000000  0x0000000000030510
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000080000000  0x0000000000038C00
0x00000000A0000000  0x000000000003AC00
0x00000000C0000000  0x000000000003CC00
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x8000000010057960  0x8000000000313E78
0x8000000010057940  0x0000000000000000
0x800000000001B698  0x0000000000000000
0x8000000010057930  0x8000000000490708
0x80000000002B6C68  0x80000000003DE928
0x8000000010057EC0  0x80000000003DE920
0x0000000000000000  0x8000000000309810
0x80000000004B3000  0x0000000000000000
0x8000000010057CC0  0x0000000000000000
0x80000000004AF000  0x80000000004E1F00
0x80000000100579C8  0x80000000100579C0
0x80000000100579E0  0x2400002200000000
0x80000000004CF5B0  0x8000000200012000
0x80000000100579F8  0x80000000100579F0
0x8000000010057A10  0x80000000004A3A00
0x80000000004CF5B0  0x80000000004C8D00
0x800000000001BF6C  0x80000000004CD400
0x800000000001B698  0x80000000004C8100
0x80000000100579D0  0x80000000004B48C0
0x0000000000001C08  0x0000000000000000
0x8000000010057A78  0x8000000010057A70
0x8000000010057A90  0x0000000000000000
0x80000000004CF90C  0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000  0x8000000010057A80
0x8000000010057A90  0x8000000000309810
0x80000000004CF62C  0x0000000000000000
0x8000000010057CC0  0x0000000000000000
0x80000000004AF000  0x80000000004B48C0
0x00004000001C0000  0x0000000000000001
0x00000000D0000000  0x0000A8E3EE7D10DA
0x0000000000000000  0x0000000000000000
0x80000000004D8088  0x80000000004D9000

SPE MMIO Memory Region class

This type of memory region represents MMIO memory region of a SPE. It's created e.g. in lv1_construct_logical_spe or in syscall 0x10040.

vtable

0x003583F8 (3.15)

Objects

Here is the list of SPE memory region objects i found in HV 3.15.

Address in HV dump	LPAR id	SPE	LPAR Start Address	Size	Physical Address	Flags	log2(Page Size)
0x003ABC20	2	1	0x4C0000880000	0x80000	0x20000080000	0xA000000000000000	0xC
0x003AAD70	2	2	0x4C0000980000	0x80000	0x20000100000	0xA000000000000000	0xC
0x003A8880	2	3	0x4C0000780000	0x80000	0x20000180000	0xA000000000000000	0xC
0x003B4F70	2	4	0x4C0000A80000	0x80000	0x20000200000	0xA000000000000000	0xC
0x003AB700	2	5	0x4C0000680000	0x80000	0x20000280000	0xA000000000000000	0xC
0x003B5BE0	2	6	0x4C0000B80000	0x80000	0x20000300000	0xA000000000000000	0xC

SPE Shadow Registers Memory Region class

This type of memory region represents shadow registers memory region of a SPE. It's created e.g. in lv1_construct_logical_spe or in syscall 0x10040.

vtable

0x00358448 (3.15)

Objects

Here is the list of SPE Shadow Registers memory region objects i found in HV 3.15.

Address in HV dump	LPAR id	SPE	LPAR Start Address	Size	Physical Address	Flags	log2(Page Size)
0x003ABDA0	2	1	0x300000012000	0x1000	-	0xA000000000000000	0xC
0x003B4290	2	2	0x300000014000	0x1000	-	0xA000000000000000	0xC
0x003A8A00	2	3	0x300000010000	0x1000	-	0xA000000000000000	0xC
0x003B50F0	2	4	0x300000016000	0x1000	-	0xA000000000000000	0xC
0x001FFC90	2	5	0x30000000E000	0x1000	-	0xA000000000000000	0xC
0x003AE5B0	2	6	0x300000018000	0x1000	-	0xA000000000000000	0xC

Device MMIO Memory Region class

This type of memory region is created when a device MMIO region is mapped into LPAR address space, e.g. in lv1_map_device_mmio_region.

vtable

0x00352468 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0xA8 - physical address where the device MMIO region is mapped to

Objects

Here is the list of Device MMIO memory region objects i found in HV 3.15.

Address in HV dump	LPAR id	LPAR Start Address	Size	Flags	log2(Page Size)	Physical Address	Device
0x001FDF00	2	0x4000001D0000	0x10000	0x8000000000000000	0xC	0x24003010000	USB controller
0x003B3850	2	0x400000200000	0x10000	0x8000000000000000	0xC	0x24003020000	USB controller
0x003B6E50	2	0x4000001E0000	0x10000	0x8000000000000000	0xC	0x24003810000	USB controller
0x003B9950	2	0x4000001F0000	0x10000	0x8000000000000000	0xC	0x24003820000	USB controller

GPU Device Memory Region class

This type of memory region is created e.g. in lv1_gpu_open, lv1_gpu_device_map and lv1_undocumented_function_114.

vtable

0x00357C48 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0xA8 - physical address

Objects

Here is the list of Device GPU memory region objects i found in HV 3.15.

Address in HV dump	LPAR id	LPAR Start Address	Size	Flags	log2(Page Size)	Physical Address
0x003AF380	2	0x700190000000	0xFE00000	0x8000000000000000	0x14	0x28080000000
0x003AF500	2	0x4000001A0000	0xC000	0x8000000000000000	0xC	0x3C0000
0x003AF680	2	0x4800006C0000	0x40000	0x8000000000000000	0xC	0x2808FE00000
0x003AFC30	2	0x440000380000	0x20000	0x8000000000000000	0xC	0x28000C00000
0x003BB420	2	0x3C0000108000	0x8000	0x8000000000000000	0xC	0x28000080100

Direct Map Memory Region class

This type of memory region is created in HV call lv1_undocumented_function_114. lv1_undocumented_function_114 allows you to map any memory address into LPAR's memory address.

• The HV call lv1_undocumented_function_115 destroys a memory region of this type.
• HV allows GameOS to create objects of this type of size 0 only !!! But it can be exploited with a dangling HTAB entry.

vtable

0x00357C48 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0xA8 - physical address

Exploiting HV with memory glitching and HV call lv1_undocumented_function_114

Here is a short description of the method i used to exploit HV from GameOS 3.15 and 3.41.

• First i used the Geohot's method to create a dangling HTAB entry.
• Making memory glitch work on GameOS was the largest of my obstacles but i solved it and i'm able to create a dangling HTAB entry from GameOS within 1-3 minutes.
• Then i created many Direct Map Memory Region objects of size 0 with HV call lv1_undocumented_function_114 and checked if they are within the page to which the dangling HTAB entry points to.
• When i found one such Direct Map Memory Region object i patched the size of this object to 0x1000. Then i pointed this memory region object to the code of HV call lv1_undocumented_function_114 and patched 4 bytes in this HV call which allows me to create any Direct Map Memory Region objects without any restrictions.
• Function LPAR_construct_direct_mapping_mem_region which is used by HV call lv1_undocumented_function_114 has a parameter (register %r9) and when this parameter is not 0 then HV will allow you to create any Direct Map Memory Region objects without restrictions, but unfortunately the HV call lv1_undocumented_function_114 passes 0 in this parameter, so i just patched it.
• Then i mapped whole HV memory range with the patched HV call lv1_undocumented_function_114 into the address space of GameOS.
• And now you have read/write access to the whole HV.
• $ONY could fix this exploit by disallowing creating of Direct Map Memory Region objects of size 0, but i know tons of other HV C++ classes which will allow me to exploit the HV in a similar way, so it wouldn't bring $ONY anything :-) And they have to change member variable offsets in those objects to make sure that i cannot patch them easily :-)

Methods

LPAR_get_memory_region_by_start_address - 0x002C7C40 (3.15)

LPAR_get_memory_region_by_address - 0x002C7DA8 (3.15)

LPAR_mem_addr_to_phys_addr(LPAR id, LPAR address, phys_addr) - 0x002FB8F0 (3.15)

LPAR_construct_direct_mapping_mem_region - 0x002D4D04 (3.15)

Network Devices

Ethernet Gelic Device

device id = 0

MAC Address: 00:1F:A7:C6:2A:C5

device memory base address = 0x24003004000 (size = 0x1000)

WLAN Gelic Device

device id = 0

MAC Address: 02:1F:A7:C6:2A:C5 (locally administered)

Net Manager

• Net Manager runs in Process 9
• It sends commands to /dev/sc1 to reset WLAN Gelic device
• It opens /dev/net0, sets MAC address and writes device firmware eurus_fw.bin to WLAN device by using ioctl syscall

/dev/net0

The device supports 3 ioctl commands:

• 0 - 0x002AC10C (3.15)
• 1 - 0x002AC250 (3.15)
• 2 - EURUS_STAT 0x002AC320 (3.15)

Methods

net_control_cmd_GELIC_LV1_POST_WLAN_CMD - 0x0024A55C (3.15)

net_control_wlan_cmd_GELIC_EURUS_CMD_ASSOC - 0x00246C78 (3.15)

net_control_wlan_cmd_GELIC_EURUS_CMD_START_SCAN - 0x00248A14 (3.15)

net_control_wlan_cmd_GELIC_EURUS_CMD_SET_WEP_CFG - 0x00249F24 (3.15)

net_control_wlan_cmd_GELIC_EURUS_CMD_SET_WPA_CFG - 0x002497B8 (3.15)

Event Notification

• Event Notfication is used e.g. to notify a LPAR about some event, e.g. device interrupt or notify a LPAR about destruction of another LPAR.
• For example Process 9 is notified through Event Notification when LPAR 2 is destructed.
• During LPAR construction, Process 9 creates an Outlet object with syscall 0x1001A and then passes the outlet ID to the syscall 0x10009 that constructs the LINUX LPAR. In this way Process 9 is notified when LINUX LPAR is destructed.

Outlet class

This is the base Outlet class. There are different types of Outlet and they derive from this base class.

vtable

0x00357DC0 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x30 - type (8 bytes)

offset 0x38 - pointer to LPAR that owns this Outlet object

offset 0x48 - outlet id (8 bytes)

offset 0x90 - VIRQ assigned to this Outlet object (4 bytes)

Event Receive Port class

• This type of Outlet is created e.g. in lv1_construct_event_receive_port and in syscall 0x1001A.
• HV calls lv1_connect_irq_plug and lv1_connect_irq_plug_ext assigns a VIRQ to Event Receive Port object.

vtable

0x00357E88

VUART Outlet

• HV supports only one VUART Outlet per LPAR
• lv1_configure_virtual_uart_irq constructs a VUART Outlet object and passes the address of LPAR's VUART IRQ Bitmap to HV

vtable

0x00357DC0

VUART IRQ Bitmap

• At address 0x38(LPAR ptr) + 0x158 is the VUART IRQ Bitmap owned by HV for LPAR (4 * 8 bytes = 256 bits)
• At address 0x38(LPAR ptr) + 0x150 is stored the physical address of LPAR's VUART IRQ Bitmap that was passed to lv1_configure_virtual_uart_irq
• When a VUART interrupt is generated by HV then first the VUART IRQ Bitmap owned by HV is updated and then this bitmap is copied to LPAR's VUART IRQ Bitmap, so VUART IRQ Bitmap is stored twice, once in HV and once in LPAR, just like IRQ State Bitmap.
• VUART IRQ Bitmap is not allowed to cross page boundary of LPAR memory region where it is stored. HV checks it and makes sure that it doesn't happen.
• GameOS 3.41 VUART IRQ bitmap is at address 0x80000000003556E8 and of size 32 bytes (256 bits, each bit corresponds to a VUART port).
• GameOS 3.15 VUART IRQ bitmap is at address 0x8000000000354768.

Logical PPE

• Logical PPE is used for interrupt management of LPAR.
• A Logical PPE object is created in syscall 0x10005. It' used e.g. in Process 9 during LPAR construction.
• syscall 0x10007 activates a Logical PPE object
• 0x67F0(HSPRG0) - pointer to currently active Logical PPE object (in HV dump it points to Linux PPE object naturally because the dump was made on Linux, so Linux LPAR was active at that time)
• E.g. lv1_get_logical_ppe_id, lv1_start_ppe_periodic_tracer and lv1_set_ppe_periodic_tracer_frequency grab the currently active Logical PPE object

vtable

0x00357DF0 (3.15)

Member variables

offset 0x90 - pointer to an object that contains VIRQ-Outlet mapping table for thread 0

offset 0x98 - pointer to an object that contains VIRQ-Outlet mapping table for thread 1

Objects

Here is the list of Logical PPE objects i found in HV 3.15.

Address in HV dump	LPAR id	PPE id
0x0069C7F0	1	1
0x007A8900	2	1

Virtual IRQ - Outlet Mapping

• HV maintains 2 tables per PPE that map a VIRQ to an Outlet object.
• The table has 256 entries and is indexed by VIRQ.
• Each entry is a pointer to Outlet object.
• Each Logical PPE object has 2 tables, one for each thread of Cell CPU.

LPAR 1 PPE 1 Thread 0

0x0069C990 (3.15) - address of VIRQ-Outlet table for LPAR 1 PPE 1 Thread 0 (not empty)

VIRQ	Address of Outlet object in HV dump	Description
58	0x00090D10	-
59	0x006BAC50	-
60	0x006B3ED0	FLASH storage device / Storage device notification for LPAR 1
61	0x00697E70	VUART interrupts
62	0x001C8F20	-

LPAR 1 PPE 1 Thread 1

0x0069D9B0 (3.15) - address of VIRQ-Outlet table for LPAR 1 PPE 1 Thread 1 (empty)

LPAR 2 PPE 1 Thread 0

0x000A06B0 (3.15) - address of VIRQ-Outlet table for LPAR 2 PPE 1 Thread 0 (not empty)

VIRQ	Address of Outlet object in HV dump	Description
20	0x003AA210	-
21	0x003AFEC0	-
22	0x001FC010	-
23	0x003A8E50	-
24	0x001FFED0	SPE 0 Class 0 Interrupt
25	0x003AE160	SPE 0 Class 1 Interrupt
26	0x003AE350	SPE 0 Class 2 Interrupt
27	0x003AB100	SPE 1 Class 0 Interrupt
28	0x003AB2F0	SPE 1 Class 1 Interrupt
29	0x003AB4E0	SPE 1 Class 2 Interrupt
30	0x003AA6A0	SPE 2 Class 0 Interrupt
31	0x003AA890	SPE 2 Class 1 Interrupt
32	0x003AAA80	SPE 2 Class 2 Interrupt
33	0x003B44A0	SPE 3 Class 0 Interrupt
34	0x003B4690	SPE 3 Class 1 Interrupt
35	0x003B4AD0	SPE 3 Class 2 Interrupt
36	0x003B5300	SPE 4 Class 0 Interrupt
37	0x003B54F0	SPE 4 Class 1 Interrupt
38	0x003B56E0	SPE 4 Class 2 Interrupt
39	0x003AE7C0	SPE 5 Class 0 Interrupt
40	0x003AE9B0	SPE 5 Class 1 Interrupt
41	0x003AEBA0	SPE 5 Class 2 Interrupt
42	0x003B2040	Storage device notification for LPAR 2
43	0x003AEE30	VUART interrupts
44	0x001FEAA0	-
45	0x001FEED0	HDD storage device
46	0x003B5E20	-
47	0x003B7040	-
48	0x003B9B40	-
49	0x003B3A40	-
50	0x003BACA0	Gelic device
51	0x003BAE10	UNKNOWN storage device
52	0x003B8350	-

LPAR 2 PPE 1 Thread 1

0x007A89E0 (3.15) - address of VIRQ-Outlet table for LPAR 2 PPE 1 Thread 1 (not empty)

VIRQ	Address of Outlet object in HV dump	Description
16	0x003B2480	-
17	0x003B2590	-
18	0x003B26A0	-
19	0x003B27B0	-

IRQ State Bitmap

• There is one IRQ State Bitmap (256 bits = 32 bytes) per thread of Logical PPE
• HSPRG0 value is per thread, so there are 2 HSPRG0 values in HV dump !!!
• The IRQ State Bitmap of a thread is stored at -0x68E0(HSPRG0)
• When an Event or Interrupt happens then the bitmap at 0x68E0(HSPRG0) is updated
• The physical address of LPAR's IRQ State Bitmap of thread is stored at offset -0x68C0(HSPRG0)
• The address of LPAR's IRQ State Bitmap is passed to Hypervisor through HV call lv1_configure_irq_state_bitmap
• lv1_detect_pending_interrupts returns value of current IRQ State Bitmap.
• The IRQ State Bitmap is updated if an Outlet object is assigned to VIRQ and when Outlet generates an event
• After IRQ State Bitmap update, it's copied to LPAR's IRQ State Bitmap and a hardware interrupt is generated so that LPAR can read it's IRQ State Bitmap and handle interrupts.
• So, IRQ State Bitmap is stored twice, once in HV and once in LPAR, just like VUART IRQ Bitmap.
• GameOS IRQ state bitmap is stored at address SPRG0 + 0x1C0 and of size 64 bytes (256 bits state + 256 bits mask) per thread of Cell CPU. So there are 2 IRQ state bitmaps.

0x8941FC0 - physical address of LPAR's IRQ State Bitmap for Thread 0 of LINUX LPAR

0x8948FC0 - physical address of LPAR's IRQ State Bitmap for Thread 1 of LINUX LPAR

System Controller (SC or SYSCON)

• Data received from SC is sent to a VUART
• lv1_get_rtc and syscall 0x10036 communicate with SC VUART 4.

VUART Table

• Address of SC VUART Table - 0x00610410 (3.15).
• There are 5 VUARTs for SC in HV 3.15

Here is the SC VUART table from HV 3.15:

Index	Address of VUART object in HV dump	Description
0	0x0060FD20	This VUART is connected with the VUART 0 (/dev/sc0) of LPAR 1
1	0x0060FE20	This VUART is connected with the VUART 1 (/dev/sc1) of LPAR 1
2	0x0060FF20	This VUART is not connected to some peer VUART but i guess that it should be connected to VUART 2 (/dev/sc2) of LPAR1
3	0x006124E0	This VUART is connected with the VUART 3 (/dev/sc3) of LPAR 1
4	0x00612DF0	lv1_get_rtc and syscall 0x10036 communicate with this VUART.

Interrupt Handling

spider_sc_interrupt_handler - 0x0020A68C (3.15)

Methods

sc_vuart_4_get_peer_vuart - 0x002ED384 (3.15)

sc_send - 0x0020A908 (3.15)

sc_receive - 0x0020A354 (3.15)

sc_vuart_rx_trigger_callback - 0x002ED470 (3.15)

lv1_get_rtc

• lv1_get_rtc communicates with SC VUART 4.
• 20 bytes are written to the peer VUART of SC VUART 4.
• After a request is sent to SC VUART 4, lv1_get_rtc busy waits until SC VUART 4 receive data buffer is not empty.
• When SC VUART 4 receive data buffer is not empty, lv1_get_rtc reads 24 bytes from the VUART.

SYSCON Protocol

• I was able to enable SYSCON Manager debug messages in HV Process 5
• Messages sent to SYSCON are at least 0x10 bytes of size. SC VUARTs check it before sending the messages to SYSCON.
• The header size of the SYSCON messages is 0x10 bytes.

Packet Header

• Packet header is of size 0x10 bytes.
• At offset 0x6 of SYSCON packet is the header checksum which is of size 2 bytes.
• The header checkum is just a sum of first 6 header bytes and 0x8000 constant
• The 2nd byte in every SYSCON message has to be 1 or else the function sc_send fails.
• The word at offset 0x8 is the SC VUART index.
• The half-words at offset 0xC and 0xE have to be equal or the function sc_send fails.

struct sc_hdr
{
    uint8_t field0;
    uint8_t field1;          /* always 1 */
    uint8_t field2[4];
    uint16_t cksum;          /* header checksum */
    uint32_t index;          /* syscon index (0 - /dev/sc0, 1 - /dev/sc1, 2 - /dev/sc2, 3 - /dev/sc3) */
    uint16_t size1;          /* body size */
    uint16_t size2;          /* body size */
};

Calculating Packet Header Checksum

/* calculating SC packet header checksum */

/*
 * sc_hdr_cksum
 */
uint16_t sc_hdr_cksum(struct sc_hdr *sc_hdr)
{
    uint8_t *ptr;
    uint32_t sum;

    ptr = (uint8_t *) sc_hdr;
    sum = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
        sum += *ptr++;

    sum += 0x8000;

    return sum & 0xffff;
}

struct sc_hdr sc_hdr;

memset(&sc_hdr, 0, sizeof(sc_hdr));

sc_hdr.cksum = sc_hdr_cksum(sc_hdr);

/* fill sc header here */

sc_hdr.cksum = sc_hdr_cksum(sc_hdr);

Packet Body

• Packet body follows packet header
• Packet body size is stored at offset 0xC and 0xE in packet header and is of size 2 bytes

Reading SYSCON EPROM (NVS Service)

Here is a command which is sent to SYSCON to read 1 byte of EPROM at offset 0x48C07 (Product Mode):

0x14 0x01 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x80 0x15 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x04 0x00 0x04 0x20 0x02 0x07 0x01

And here is the response to the above request:

0x14 0x01 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x80 0x15 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x03 0x00 0x05 0x00 0x05 0x00 0x02 0x07 0x01 0xff

PCI Bus Power

• Used by PS2EMU System Manager in HV process 9 when PS2 EMU is booted

PCI Bus Power On

Request to SC1:

0x10 0x01 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x80 0x11 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x02 0x00 0x02 0x31 0x01

PCI Bus Power Off

Request to SC1:

0x10 0x01 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x80 0x11 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x02 0x00 0x02 0x31 0x00

Ring Buzzer

Request:

0x16 0x01 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x80 0x17 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x08 0x00 0x08 0x20 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00

SYSCON

Crossreference: gitbrew.org::SYSCON

SYSCON MMIO registers can be accessed on Linux with a driver using lv1_undocumented_function_114, e.g. ps3sbmmio. Use ps3sbmmio device driver carefully, an access at some addresses could shutdown your PS3.

Packet Header

• Size is 0x10.

struct sc_hdr {
    uint8_t service_id;
    uint8_t version;              /* must be 1 !!! */
    uint16_t transaction_id;      /* returned in response */
    uint8_t res[2];
    uint16_t cksum;               /* checksum of first 6 header bytes */
    uint32_t communication_tag;   /* SYSCON tag: 0-4 */
    uint16_t payload_size[2];     /* body size */
};

Sending Packets

• Before sending new packet to SYSCON, the Hypervisor checks 2 words at offsets 0x2400008DFF0 and 0x2400008CFF4.
• The Hypervisor busy waits until (value + 1) at offset 0x2400008CFF4 is NOT equal to value at offset 0x2400008DFF0.
• The packet is sent with 4 byte transfers.
• First, the Hypervisor sends the header of the packet, 4 word transfers.
• The header is written beginning at the address 0x2400008D000.
• After that the Hypervisor sends the body of the packet, with 4 byte transfers too.
• The body is written beginning at the address 0x2400008D010.
• If the packet size is NOT divisible by 4 then the Hypervisor sends the remaining bytes (at most 3) as a word padded with 0s.
• After the packet body was written, the Hypervisor calculates checksum of the whole packet and writes it at the address where the last word of packet body was written + 4.

uint32_t cksum = 0;

for (i = 0; i < packet_size; i++)
    cksum -= packet[i];

cksum = cksum & 0xffff;

• After the packet checksum was written, the Hypervisor reads the value at offset 0x2400008DFF0, modifies it and stores back:

 
value = value + 1;
value &= 0xffff;
value = (value << 16) | value;

• To notify the SYSCON about the new packet, the Hypervisor writes 0x1 to address 0x2400008E100.

Receiving Packets

• The Hypervisor installs an interrupt handler for the SYSCON.
• First, the Hypervisor reads a word from address 0x2400008E000, ors it with 0xFFFFFFFD and writes the value back.
• Then, the Hypervisor reads a word from address 0x2400008E004 and tests if bit 0x2 is set or not. The bit 0x2 should be not 0 or else the Hypervisor panics.
• After that, the Hypervisor reads a word at address 0x2400008CFF0 and 0x2400008DFF4. If there is a new packet pending from SYSCON, then the (value + 1) at 0x2400008CFF0 should be equal the value at 0x2400008DFF4.
• The Hypervisor reads the header of the packet beginning at the address 0x2400008C000.
• The header is read with 4 word transfers by the Hypervisor.
• The byte at offset 1 in the packet header must be 1 or else the Hypervisor discards the packet as invalid.
• The Hypervisor calculates the checksum of the packet header and checks it with the checksum stored in the header. If they don't match then the Hypervisor discards the packet.
• The Hypervisor reads the body of the packet beginning at the address 0x2400008C010.
• The header and the body of the received packet can be read as many times as you want !!! They remain until next SYSCON packet is received

which gives us the possibility to communicate with SYSCON on Linux easily :)

Test

1. Before sending SYSCON packet:

root@debian-hdd:~# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=4 skip=$((0x8cff4)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C

00000000  01 18 01 18                                       |....|
00000004

root@debian-hdd:~# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=4 skip=$((0x8dff0)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C

00000000  01 18 01 18                                       |....|
00000004

root@debian-hdd:~# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=4 skip=$((0x8cff0)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C

00000000  01 24 01 24                                       |.$.$|
00000004

root@debian-hdd:~# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=4 skip=$((0x8dff4)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C

00000000  01 24 01 24                                       |.$.$|
00000004

2. SYSCON packet was sent by using ps3dm_scm read_eprom.

3. After sending SYSCON packet:

root@debian-hdd:~# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=4 skip=$((0x8cff4)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C

00000000  01 19 01 19                                       |....|
00000004

root@debian-hdd:~# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=4 skip=$((0x8dff0)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C

00000000  01 19 01 19                                       |....|
00000004

root@debian-hdd:~# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=4 skip=$((0x8cff0)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C

00000000  01 25 01 25                                       |.%.%|
00000004

root@debian-hdd:~# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=4 skip=$((0x8dff4)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C

00000000  01 25 01 25                                       |.%.%|
00000004

4. Received Header

root@debian-hdd:~# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=16 skip=$((0x8c000)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C

00000000  14 01 00 00 00 00 80 15  00 00 00 03 00 05 00 05  |................|
00000010

5. Received Body

root@debian-hdd:~# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=8 skip=$((0x8c010)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C

00000000  00 00 c7 01 ff 00 00 00                           |..Ç.ÿ...|
00000008

Examples

Get RTC

• Used by LV1 call lv1_get_rtc
• Communication with SYSCON 4

Request:

# write packet

# echo "0: 13 01 0000 0000 8014 00000004 0001 0001 33 00 00 00 0000ff1f" | xxd -c256 -r | \
       dd of=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 seek=$((0x8d000)) status=noxfer

# dump packet counter

# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=4 skip=$((0x8dff0)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C

00000000  00 c0 00 c0                                       |.À.À|
00000004

# increment packet counter

echo "0: 00c1 00c1" | xxd -c256 -r | dd of=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 seek=$((0x8dff0)) status=noxfer

# kick packet

# echo "0: 00000001" | xxd -c256 -r | dd of=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 seek=$((0x8e100)) status=noxfer

Response:

# dump packet counter

# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=4 skip=$((0x8dff0)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C

00000000  00 c1 00 c1                                       |.Á.Á|
00000004

# dump response packet

# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=24 skip=$((0x8c000)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C

00000000  13 01 00 00 00 00 80 14  00 00 00 04 00 08 00 08  |................|
00000010  00 00 00 00 15 af 47 6b                           |.....¯Gk|
00000018

Ring Buzzer

• Used by System Manager
• Communication with SYSCON 1

Request:

# write packet

# echo "0: 16 01 1620 0000 804d 00000001 0008 0008 20 29 0a 00 000001b6 0000fdcb" | xxd -c256 -r | \
       dd of=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 seek=$((0x8d000)) status=noxfer

# dump packet counter

# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=4 skip=$((0x8dff0)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C

00000000  00 c0 00 c0                                       |.À.À|
00000004

# increment packet counter

echo "0: 00c1 00c1" | xxd -c256 -r | dd of=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 seek=$((0x8dff0)) status=noxfer

# kick packet

# echo "0: 00000001" | xxd -c256 -r | dd of=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 seek=$((0x8e100)) status=noxfer

# you should hear a beep

Response:

# dump packet counter

# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=4 skip=$((0x8dff0)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C

00000000  00 c1 00 c1                                       |.Á.Á|
00000004

# dump response packet

# dd if=/dev/ps3sbmmio bs=1 count=24 skip=$((0x8c000)) status=noxfer | hexdump -C
00000000  16 01 16 20 00 00 80 4d  00 00 00 01 00 01 00 01  |... ...M........|
00000010  00 00 00 00 00 00 fe e3                           |......þã|
00000018

Isolation

Crossreference: gitbrew.org::Isolation

Running Isolated SPE Modules On OtherOS++ Linux

• spp_verifier is a kernel module which shows you how to run isolated SPE modules on OtherOS++ Linux.
• It decrypts default.spp profile
• Tested on 3.41 and 3.55.
• You can modify it easily to run other SPE modules.

root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/spp_verifier# cat spp_verifier_355.self > /proc/spp_verifier/spu
root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/spp_verifier# cat default_355.spp > /proc/spp_verifier/profile
root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/spp_verifier# echo 1 > /proc/spp_verifier/run
root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/spp_verifier# cat /proc/spp_verifier/debug 

PPE id (0x0000000000000001) VAS id (0x0000000000000002)
lv1_construct_logical_spe (0x00000000)
SPE id (0x000000000000002b)
lv1_undocumented_function_209 (0x00000000)
shadow execution status (0x0000000000000002)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(1) (0x00000000)
interrupt status 1 (0x0000000000000000)
sleep
shadow execution status (0x0000000000000002)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(1) (0x00000000)
interrupt status 1 (0x0000000000000001)
ea (0xc000000002920000) esid (0xc000000008000000) vsid (0x0000408f92c94500)
lv1_undocumented_function_62 (0x00000000)
lv1_clear_spe_interrupt_status(1) (0x00000000)
lv1_undocumented_function_168 (0x00000000)
sleep
shadow execution status (0x0000000000000007)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(1) (0x00000000)
interrupt status 1 (0x0000000000000000)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(2) (0x00000000)
interrupt status 2 (0x0000000000000000)
out interrupt mbox (0x0000000000000002)
out interrupt mbox (0x0000000000000002)
lv1_undocumented_function_167 (0x00000000)
lv1_clear_spe_interrupt_status (0x00000000)
lv1_undocumented_function_200 (0x00000000)
sleep
shadow execution status (0x000000000000000b)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(1) (0x00000000)
interrupt status 1 (0x0000000000000000)
shadow execution status (0x000000000000000b)
problem status (0x01000082)
lv1_destruct_logical_spe (0x00000000)

root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/spp_verifier# hexdump -C /proc/spp_verifier/profile | less
...
...
00000200  00 02 00 05 00 00 20 a0  00 00 00 01 00 03 00 00  |......  ........|
00000210  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01  00 00 00 0e 00 00 00 00  |................|
00000220  00 00 02 88 00 00 00 01  10 70 00 00 01 00 00 01  |.........p......|
00000230  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  53 43 45 5f 43 45 4c 4c  |........SCE_CELL|
00000240  4f 53 5f 50 4d 45 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |OS_PME..........|
00000250  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 06 00 00 02 50  |...............P|
00000260  10 70 00 00 01 00 00 01  2f 66 6c 68 2f 6f 73 2f  |.p....../flh/os/|
00000270  74 68 69 73 5f 69 73 5f  64 75 6d 6d 79 00 00 00  |this_is_dummy...|
00000280  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
...
...

Using metldr On OtherOS++ Linux

• spp_verifier_direct is a kernel module which shows you how to run isolated SPE modules on OtherOS++ Linux by using metldr directly.
• It decrypts default.spp profile.
• Tested on 3.41 and 3.55.
• You can modify it easily to run other SPE modules.

root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/spp_verifier_direct# insmod ./spp_verifier_direct.ko
root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/spp_verifier_direct# cat metldr > /proc/spp_verifier_direct/metldr
root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/spp_verifier_direct# cat isoldr_355 > /proc/spp_verifier_direct/isoldr
root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/spp_verifier_direct# cat RL_FOR_PROGRAM_355.img > /proc/spp_verifier_direct/rvkprg
root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/spp_verifier_direct# cat EID0 > /proc/spp_verifier_direct/eid0
root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/spp_verifier_direct# cat spp_verifier_355.self > /proc/spp_verifier_direct/spu
root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/spp_verifier_direct# cat default_355.spp > /proc/spp_verifier_direct/profile
root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/spp_verifier_direct# echo 1 > /proc/spp_verifier_direct/run
root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/spp_verifier_direct# cat /proc/spp_verifier_direct/debug
 
PPE id (0x0000000000000001) VAS id (0x0000000000000002)
lv1_construct_logical_spe (0x00000000)
SPE id (0x0000000000000033)
lv1_enable_logical_spe (0x00000000)
lv1_set_spe_interrupt_mask(0) (0x00000000)
lv1_set_spe_interrupt_mask(1) (0x00000000)
lv1_set_spe_interrupt_mask(2) (0x00000000)
lv1_set_spe_privilege_state_area_1_register (0x00000000)
ea (0xc000000002680000) esid (0xc000000008000000) vsid (0x0000408f92c94500)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(0) (0x00000000)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(1) (0x00000000)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(2) (0x00000000)
sleep
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(0) (0x00000000)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(1) (0x00000000)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(2) (0x00000000)
out interrupt mbox (0x0000000000000001)
lv1_clear_spe_interrupt_status(2) (0x00000000)
transferring EID0, ldr args and revoke list to LS
waiting until MFC transfers are finished
MFC transfers done
out mbox (0x00000001)
sleep
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(0) (0x00000000)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(1) (0x00000000)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(2) (0x00000000)
out interrupt mbox (0x0000000000000002)
lv1_clear_spe_interrupt_status(2) (0x00000000)
out mbox (0x00000002)
lv1_clear_spe_interrupt_status(2) (0x00000000)
sleep
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(0) (0x00000000)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(1) (0x00000000)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(2) (0x00000000)
problem status (0x01000082)
lv1_destruct_logical_spe (0x00000000)

root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/spp_verifier_direct# hexdump -C /proc/spp_verifier_direct/profile | less
...
...
00000200  00 02 00 05 00 00 20 a0  00 00 00 01 00 03 00 00  |......  ........|
00000210  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01  00 00 00 0e 00 00 00 00  |................|
00000220  00 00 02 88 00 00 00 01  10 70 00 00 01 00 00 01  |.........p......|
00000230  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  53 43 45 5f 43 45 4c 4c  |........SCE_CELL|
00000240  4f 53 5f 50 4d 45 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |OS_PME..........|
00000250  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 06 00 00 02 50  |...............P|
00000260  10 70 00 00 01 00 00 01  2f 66 6c 68 2f 6f 73 2f  |.p....../flh/os/|
00000270  74 68 69 73 5f 69 73 5f  64 75 6d 6d 79 00 00 00  |this_is_dummy...|
00000280  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
...
...

Gelic Device

Crossreference: gitbrew.org::Gelic Device

sys.hw.config

• Value of the loader parameter "sys.hw.config" controls if Gelic WLAN is enabled or not.
• Value of the loader parameter "sys.hw.config" is stored in the repository node "sys.hw.config" too.
• If bit 0x40000 is set then LV1 allows using Gelic WLAN interface from LV2.
• Value on my PS3 slim 0x4e00ffff0a03bc3c with Gelic WLAN interface disabled. As you can see, the Gelic WLAN interface is disabled and LV1 doesn't allow using of LV1 calls 196 and 195. It returns LV1_CONDITION_NOT_SATISFIED.
• GameOS checks bit 0x40000 of the repository node "sys.hw.config" during network initialization and if it's set then LV2 initializes Gelic WLAN interface.
• Check your "sys.hw.config" repository node and if bit 0x40000 is set then you are a lucky owner of a PS3 model with the old WLAN interface.
• On newer PS3 models, GameOS uses USB interface to communicate with WLAN.
• On PS3 models, where bit 0x40000 is NOT set in "sys.hw.config" repository node, the new USB interface is used.

Note:old vs. new: Old == CECHA up to CECHK, New == CECHL and later

Control Interface

HV calls 195 and 196 are used by GameOS to send commands to Gelic device directly.

lv1_undocumented_function_196

Parameters

r3 - LPAR address of data buffer

r4 - size of data buffer

r5 - must be 0

lv1_undocumented_function_195

Parameters

r3 - command (16 bit value)

r4 - command data size

r5 - must be 0

Data Buffer

• Data Buffer passed to HV call 196 is divided into 2 parts.
• The first 0x800 bytes are for sending and receiving command data
• The remaining 0x800 bytes are for event notification.

Command Data Buffer

• Every command data sent to Gelic device contains header of size 0xC
• After the header follows the command data
• After the Gelic device processed the command, it notifies LV2 kernel about command completion by sending an interrupt

Header

• Size is 0xc.
• Byte order is little-endian.
• Header data in a request command buffer is always all 0s.

0x0 - command = request command + 1 (2 bytes)

0x4 - result, 0x1 - success ??? 0x2 - buffer too small ??? (2 bytes)

0x6 - body size (2 bytes)

Event Data Buffer

• The Gelic device notifies LV2 kernel by sending an interrupt when new events are available
• Event Data Buffer has 8 bytes header
• The remaining bytes are divided into event slots
• Each event slot is of size 64 bytes
• Events are in little-endian format

Header

offset 0x0 - GET index (4 bytes)

offset 0x4 - PUT index (4 bytes)

• GET index is updated by Gelic driver. The Gelic driver reads events beginning with the event slot at index GET.
• PUT index is the index of event entry where next Gelic event will be stored by the Gelic device.
• If GET index is equal to PUT index then there are no Gelic events.

GameOS

• LV2 syscall 726 sends Gelic device command and blocks until a response from the Gelic device arrives
• LV2 kernel uses this LV1 interface to send commands to Gelic device internally too, probably for wireless controllers and Wake On WLAN.
• The system call 726 is used heavily by VSH.

Parameters

r3 - command (16 bits)

r4 - effective address of command data buffer

r5 - size of command data buffer

Commands

Unknown (0x1)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x10.
• Used in AP mode.
• Enables AP mode ???

Get AP SSID (0x3)

• Command buffer is of size 0x30.
• Returns SSID in AP mode.

offset 0xC - SSID (32 bytes)

Set AP SSID (0x5)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer is of size 0x30.
• Sets SSID in AP mode.

offset 0xC - SSID (32 bytes)

Get Channel (0xf)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer is of size 0x31.
• Data is returned from the device.
• Returns list of channels and active channel.

offset 0x2F - active channel (2 bytes)

Set Channel (0x11)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0xd
• Valid channels: 0 - 13. 0 means that the channel is selected automatically.

offset 0xC - channel (1 byte)

Unknown (0x27)

• Command buffer size is 0xF.

Set Antenna (0x29)

• Command buffer size is 0xe

offset 0xC - 0,1 or 2 (1 byte)

offset 0xD - 2 (1 byte)

Set AP WEP Configuration (0x5b)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer is of size 0x56.
• Sets WEP security type and WEP key.
• Security types: 0 - none, 1 - wep64, 2 - wep128

offset 0xE - security mode: 0 - none, 1 - wep64, 2 - wep128 (1 byte)

offset 0x10 - WEP key (64 bytes)

Unknown (0x61)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0xd

Unknown (0x65)

• Used by VSH.
• Command uffer size is 0xd.
• Used in AP mode.

Get Eurus Firmware Version (0x99)

• Used by VSH.

Here is the response on my PS3 Slim:

00000000: 4a 55 50 49 54 45 52 2d 54 57 4f 2d 46 57 2d 32 |JUPITER-TWO-FW-2|
00000010: 30 2e 30 2e 31 32 2e 70 30 28 4a 61 6e 20 31 39 |0.0.12.p0(Jan 19|
00000020: 20 32 30 31 30 20 32 31 3a 32 30 3a 35 33 29 00 | 2010 21:20:53).|
00000030: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00       |..............  |

Get AP Operating Mode (0xb7)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x10
• Returns AP operating mode (mixed, 11b or 11g).

offset 0xC - opmode: 0 - 11b, 1 - 11g, 2 - 11bg (4 bytes)

Set AP Operating Mode (0xb9)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x10
• Sets AP operating mode (mixed, 11b or 11g).

offset 0xC - opmode: 0 - 11b, 1 - 11g, 2 - 11bg (4 bytes)

Unknown (0xc5)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x10.
• Used in AP mode.

offset 0xC - ??? (4 bytes)

Set AP WPA AKM Suite (0xc9)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x11.
• Sets WPA AKM suite in AP mode.

offset 0xC - AKM suite (4 bytes)

Set AP WPA Group Cipher Suite (0xcf)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x10
• Used in AP + WPA mode.

offset 0xC - group cipher suite: group (4 bytes)

Set AP WPA PSK Binary (0xd3)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x4c
• Sets WPA PSK binary

offset 0xC - PSK (64 bytes)

Set AP WPA Reauthentication Timeout (0xd5)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x10
• Sets WPA Reauth timeout value in AP WPA mode.
• VSH uses 36000 as timeout.

offset 0xC - timeout value in seconds (2 bytes)

Unknown (0x127)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x10.
• Used in AP + WPA mode.

Unknown (0x12b)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x10.
• Used in AP + WPA mode.

Set AP WPA PSK Passphrase (0x17d)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x2D

offset 0xD - passphrase (32 bytes)

Set AP WPA Pairwise Cipher Suite (0x1bf)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x11
• Used in AP + WPA mode.

offset 0xC - pairwise cipher suite (4 bytes)

offset 0x10 - ??? (1 byte)

Unknown (0x1d9)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x10

Unknown (0x1dd)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0xd

Unknown (0x1ed)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer is of size 0x17.
• Rate control ???

Get Eurus HW Revision (0x1fb)

• Command buffer size is 0x10.

Associate (0x1001)

• Used by VSH.
• Used by LV1 on FAT models.
• Command buffer size is 0xd
• Data passed to Gelic device is all 0s

Get Common Configuration (0x1003)

• Used by VSH.
• Used by LV1 on FAT models.
• Command buffer size is 0x18
• Data passed to Gelic device is all 0s

Set Common Configuration (0x1005)

• Used by VSH.
• Used by LV1 on FAT models.
• Command buffer size is 0x18
• Hmm, VSH always removes QOS bit from capability, that means Jupiter doesn't support QOS ???

offset 0xC - BSS type: 0 - infrastructure, 1 - ???, 2 - adhoc (1 byte)

offset 0xD - authentication mode: 0 - open, 1 - shared key

offset 0xE - opmode: 0 - 11bg, 1 - 11b, 2 - 11g (1 byte)

offset 0xF - ??? (1 byte)

offset 0x10 - BSSID (6 bytes)

offset 0x16 - capability (2 bytes)

Get WEP Configuration (0x1013)

• Used by VSH.
• Used by LV1 on FAT models.
• Command buffer size is 0x50
• Data passed to Gelic device is all 0s

Set WEP Configuration (0x1015)

• Used by VSH.
• Used by LV1 on FAT models.
• Command buffer size is 0x50

Get WPA Configuration (0x1017)

• Used by VSH.
• Used by LV1 on FAT models.
• Command buffer size is 0x5b
• Data passed to Gelic device is all 0s

Set WPA Configuration (0x1019)

• Used by VSH.
• Used by LV1 on FAT models.
• Command buffer size is 0x5b

offset 0xE - security type: 0 - WPA, 1 - RSNA (1 byte)

offset 0xF - psk type: 0 - hex, 1 - bin (1 byte)

offset 0x10 - psk key: hex or bin (64 bytes)

offset 0x50 - group cipher suite: 0x0050f202 - WPA TKIP, 0x0050f204 - WPA AES, 0x000fac02 - RSNA TKIP, 0x000fac04 - RSNA CCMP (4 bytes)

offset 0x54 - pairwise cipher suite: 0x0050f202 - WPA TKIP, 0x0050f204 - WPA AES, 0x000fac02 - RSNA TKIP, 0x000fac04 - RSNA CCMP (4 bytes)

offset 0x58 - AKM suite: 0x0050f202 - WPA PSK, 0x000fac02 - RSNA PSK (4 bytes)

See IEEE 802.11 specification for more details about cipher/AKM suites

802.11 spec: [1]

Unknown (0x1025)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x10.
• Sets preamble type, something else ???

offset 0xC - preamble mode: 0 - short, 1 - long (1 byte)

Unknown (0x1031)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0xe

Get Scan Results (0x1033)

• Used by VSH.
• Used by LV1 on FAT models.
• Command buffer size is 0x5b0
• Data passed to Gelic device is all 0s

Scan Results

offset 0x0 - number of scan entries (1 byte)

offset 0x1 - array of scan entries

Scan Entry

offset 0x0 - size of this entry in bytes, this field is NOT included (2 bytes)

offset 0x2 - BSSID (6 bytes)

offset 0x8 - RSSI (1 byte)

offset 0x9 - timestamp (8 bytes)

offset 0x11 - beacon period (2 bytes)

offset 0x13 - capability (2 bytes)

offset 0x15 - information elements (see 802.11 specification)

Start Scan (0x1035)

• Used by VSH.
• Used by LV1 on FAT models.
• Command buffer size depends on size of channel list and ESSID string length
• Data passed to Gelic device contains channel list and ESSID string
• First 0x16 bytes in command data buffer are all 0s, then follows the channel list and after that ESSID

Diassociate (0x1037)

• Used by VSH.
• Used by LV1 on FAT models.
• Command buffer size is 0xd
• Data passed to Gelic device is all 0s

Get RSSI (0x103d)

• Used by VSH.
• Used by LV1 on FAT models.
• Command buffer size is 0x17

offset 0x10 - MAC address of node (6 bytes)

offset 0x16 - RSSI (1 byte)

Get MAC Address (0x103f)

• Command buffer size is 0x13

offset 0xD - MAC address (6 bytes)

Set MAC Address (0x1041)

• Used by VSH.
• Used by LV1 too.
• Command buffer size is 0x12

Unknown (0x104d)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0xd.

offset 0xC - 0 - ???, 1 - ??? (1 byte)

Unknown (0x104f)

• Command buffer size is 0xd.
• Returns 1 byte.

offset 0xC - 0 - ???, 1 - ??? (1 byte)

Unknown (0x1051)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x5b3.
• Returns 0x5a7 bytes.

offset 0xC - number of entries

offset 0x10 - entries (each entry is 0xd bytes)

Unknown (0x1053)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x70.

offset 0xC - ??? (4 bytes)

offset 0x10 - MAC address (6 bytes)

Unknown (0x1059)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x2a8.

Unknown (0x105f)

• Used by LV2.

Get Zephyr HW Revision (0x1101)

• Used by VSH.
• Not a Gelic device command, handled by LV2 kernel.
• LV2 uses LV1 call lv1_net_control(0x8000000000000002)
• Command buffer size is 0x18.

Get MAC Address List (0x1117)

• Command buffer size is 0xce.
• Returns several MAC addresses.

offset 0xC - number of MAC addresses (2 bytes)

offset 0xE - MAC addresses (6 * number of MAC addresses)

Unknown (0x1133)

• Used by VSH.
• Command buffer size is 0x1A.

Set WOL MAC Address Filter (0x1139)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer is of size 0x28.

Unknown (0x113b)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer size is 0x20.

Set WOL Multicast Address Filter (0x113d)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer is of size 0x2c.

Clear WOL Multicast Address Filter (0x113f)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer is of size 0x28.

Unknown (0x1141)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer is of size 0x12.

Clear WOL Address Filter (0x1143)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer size is 0x2c.

Unknown (0x114b)

• Used by LV2 internally.

Set WOL Magic Packet Mode (0x1155)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer is of size 0x10.
• Enables/Disables WOL magic packet.

offset 0xC - mode: 0 - disable, 1 - enable (4 bytes)

Unknown (0x1157)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer size is 0x10.

Set WOL Multicast Address Filter Mode (0x1159)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer size is 0x10.
• WOL function

offset 0xC - mode: 0 - disable, 1 - enable (4 bytes)

Set Unicast Address Filter (0x115b)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer is of size 0x6a.
• This command should be used to set proper MAC address or else device won't be able to receive packets destined to its own MAC address

offset 0xC - ??? (2 bytes)

offset 0xE - ??? (2 bytes)

offset 0x10 - MAC address (6 bytes)

Clear Unicast Address Filter (0x115d)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer size is 0x6a.

Get Unicast Address Filter (0x115f)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer is of size 0x6a.

Set Multicast Address Filter (0x1161)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer size is 0x2c.

Clear Multicast Address Filter (0x1163)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer size is 0x2c
• To clear all multicast addresses send command with all 0s.

offset 0xC - multicast address filter (4 * 8 bytes)

Get Multicast Address Filter (0x1165)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer is of size 0x2c.

Set WOL Address Filter (0x1167)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer size is 0x70.

Set WOL Address Filter Mode (0x116d)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer size is 0x10.
• Enables/Disables WOL address matching

offset 0xC - mode: 0 - disable, 1 - enable (4 bytes)

Set Unicast Address Filter Mode (0x116f)

• Used by LV2 internally.
• Command buffer size is 0x10.

offset 0xC - mode: 0 - disable, 1 - enable (4 bytes)

Get Device Status (0xfffb)

• Used by VSH.
• Not a Gelic device command, handled by LV2 kernel.
• Returned data size in command buffer is 0x10.

Unknown (0xfffc)

• Used by VSH.
• Not a Gelic device command, handled by LV2 kernel.
• LV2 uses LV1 call lv1_net_control(0x1 /* bus id */, 0x0 /* dev id */, 0x6 /* get channel info command */, 0x4, 0x0, 0x0)

Get Channel Information (0xfffd)

• Used by VSH.
• Not a Gelic device command, handled by LV2 kernel.
• LV2 uses LV1 call lv1_net_control(0x1 /* bus id */, 0x0 /* dev id */, 0x6 /* get channel info command */, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0)
• Returns supported WLAN channels

Set Response Timeout (0xfffe)

• Used by VSH.
• Not a Gelic device command, handled by LV2 kernel.
• Sets timeout value which is used to wait for a response from Gelic device.
• Typical value used by VSH is 0x989680.
• Command buffer size is 0x14.

Unknown (0xffff)

• Used by VSH.
• Not a Gelic device command, handled by LV2 kernel.
• Returns 0x10 bytes in command buffer.
• Returns gelic device state ???

Events

struct ps3_eurus_event_hdr {
	__le32 type;
	__le32 id;
	__le32 timestamp;
	__le32 payload_length;
	__le32 unknown;
} __packed;

struct ps3_eurus_event {
	struct ps3_eurus_event_hdr hdr;
	u8 payload[44];
} __packed;

Event Type 0x00000040

Id	Description
0x00000001	Deauthenticated

Event Type 0x00000080

Id	Description
0x00000001	Beacon Lost
0x00000002	Connected
0x00000004	Scan Completed
0x00000020	WPA Connected
0x00000040	WPA Error (MIC Error)

Event Type 0x80000000

Id	Description
0x00000001	Device Ready

Enabling WLAN Gelic On FAT

Linux kernel doesn't use Gelic Device Control Interface like GameOS does it. To get WLAN working on Linux booted with GameOS rights, we have to disable Gelic Device Control Interface first because it's enabled for GameOS by default.

The value of repository node "ios.net.eurus.lpar" controls access to Gelic Device Control Interface. It's a bitmap. The position of a bit corresponds to LPAR id. During GameOS booting, HV process 9 (System Manager) sets bit at postion 2 to 1 which means enable Gelic Device Control Interface for LPAR 2.

To disable Gelic Device Control Interface on Linux, first unload Gelic device driver, then set value of repository node "ios.net.eurus.lpar" to 0 and load Gelic device driver again. After that WLAN should work again but only on FATs.

For PS3 Slim we need a new Linux Gelic device driver which uses Gelic Device Control Interface directly.

USB WLAN Interface (Codename Jupiter 2)

• On new PS3 models, WLAN interface is USB.
• Good news is that the same commands are used as with LV1 calls 196 and 195.
• There are 2 wireless devices: Station and AP.
• I got WLAN scan working.

Endpoints

• LV2 uses 3 USB endpoints of interface 3,4 and 5 to communicate with WLAN.
• Endpoints EP5 IN/OUT, EP6 IN/OUT and EP7 IN/OUT.
• WLAN commands are sent to endpoint EP5 OUT with interrupt transfers.
• WLAN events and WLAN command responses are received on endpoint EP5 IN with interrupt transfers.
• LV2 opens a USB communication pipe to endpoint EP5 IN and EP5 OUT.
• In my LV2 3.55 dump, pipe to EP5 IN has id 0x2 and pipe to EP5 OUT has id 0x3. Array of all opened USB pipes is at address 0x80000000004bd000 in my LV2 3.55 dump.
• EP5 is used to send commands to Jupiter and receive events from it.
• EP6 is used to send/receive data packets to/from the 1st WLAN device.
• EP7 is used to send/receive data packets to/from the 2nd WLAN device.
• lsusb is buggy on big-endian arch and shows some fields with bytes swapped !!!

Bus 002 Device 002: ID 054c:036f Sony Corp. 
Device Descriptor:
  bLength                18
  bDescriptorType         1
  bcdUSB               2.00
  bDeviceClass          224 Wireless
  bDeviceSubClass         1 Radio Frequency
  bDeviceProtocol         1 Bluetooth
  bMaxPacketSize0        64
  idVendor           0x054c Sony Corp.
  idProduct          0x036f 
  bcdDevice           20.12
  iManufacturer           1 
  iProduct                2 
  iSerial                 0 
  bNumConfigurations      1
    Interface Descriptor:
      bLength                 9
      bDescriptorType         4
      bInterfaceNumber        3
      bAlternateSetting       0
      bNumEndpoints           2
      bInterfaceClass       255 Vendor Specific Class
      bInterfaceSubClass      2 
      bInterfaceProtocol      1 
      iInterface              0 
      Endpoint Descriptor:
        bLength                 7
        bDescriptorType         5
        bEndpointAddress     0x85  EP 5 IN
        bmAttributes            3
          Transfer Type            Interrupt
          Synch Type               None
          Usage Type               Data
        wMaxPacketSize     0x4000  1x 0 bytes
        bInterval               1
      Endpoint Descriptor:
        bLength                 7
        bDescriptorType         5
        bEndpointAddress     0x05  EP 5 OUT
        bmAttributes            3
          Transfer Type            Interrupt
          Synch Type               None
          Usage Type               Data
        wMaxPacketSize     0x4000  1x 0 bytes
        bInterval               1
    Interface Descriptor:
      bLength                 9
      bDescriptorType         4
      bInterfaceNumber        4
      bAlternateSetting       0
      bNumEndpoints           2
      bInterfaceClass       255 Vendor Specific Class
      bInterfaceSubClass      2 
      bInterfaceProtocol      2 
      iInterface              0 
      Endpoint Descriptor:
        bLength                 7
        bDescriptorType         5
        bEndpointAddress     0x86  EP 6 IN
        bmAttributes            2
          Transfer Type            Bulk
          Synch Type               None
          Usage Type               Data
        wMaxPacketSize     0x0002  1x 2 bytes
        bInterval               0
      Endpoint Descriptor:
        bLength                 7
        bDescriptorType         5
        bEndpointAddress     0x06  EP 6 OUT
        bmAttributes            2
          Transfer Type            Bulk
          Synch Type               None
          Usage Type               Data
        wMaxPacketSize     0x0002  1x 2 bytes
        bInterval             255
    Interface Descriptor:
      bLength                 9
      bDescriptorType         4
      bInterfaceNumber        5
      bAlternateSetting       0
      bNumEndpoints           2
      bInterfaceClass       255 Vendor Specific Class
      bInterfaceSubClass      2 
      bInterfaceProtocol      3 
      iInterface              0 
      Endpoint Descriptor:
        bLength                 7
        bDescriptorType         5
        bEndpointAddress     0x87  EP 7 IN
        bmAttributes            2
          Transfer Type            Bulk
          Synch Type               None
          Usage Type               Data
        wMaxPacketSize     0x0002  1x 2 bytes
        bInterval               0
      Endpoint Descriptor:
        bLength                 7
        bDescriptorType         5
        bEndpointAddress     0x07  EP 7 OUT
        bmAttributes            2
          Transfer Type            Bulk
          Synch Type               None
          Usage Type               Data
        wMaxPacketSize     0x0002  1x 2 bytes
        bInterval             255

Device Initialization

• LV2 does 2 control transfers to EP0 during WLAN initialization
• First control transfer sends magic 0x20 data to device as CLEAR_FEATURE request.
• Second control transfer reads 0x2 bytes device status. On my PS3 slim, the status data is always 0x2031 if you send the right magic.
• Magic data sent in first control transfer is stored in LV2.
• If you send wrong magic, the first control transfer will fail !!!
• LV2 uses a state machine to initialize the Jupiter device. The state machine has 17 states.

Magic Data in Control Transfer

unsigned char ps3_usb_wlan_magic_data[] = {
	0x76, 0x4e, 0x4b, 0x07, 0x24, 0x42, 0x53, 0xfb, 0x5a, 0xc7, 0xcc, 0x1d, 0xae, 0x00, 0xc6, 0xd8,
	0x14, 0x40, 0x61, 0x8b, 0x13, 0x17, 0x4d, 0x7c, 0x3b, 0xb6, 0x90, 0xb8, 0x6e, 0x8b, 0xbb, 0x1d,
};

Initialization State Machine

• Implemented in LV2.

State 1

• Command 0x114f is sent to WLAN device.

State 2

• Command 0x1171 is sent to WLAN device.

State 3

• LV2 waits for an event from WLAN device.

State 4

• Command 0x116f is sent to WLAN device.

State 5

• Command 0x115b is sent to WLAN device.
• Command data sent to WLAN device contains MAC address.

State 6

• Command 0x1161 is sent to WLAN device.
• Sets multicast address filter.

State 7

• Command 0x110d is sent to WLAN device.

State 8

• Command 0x1031 is sent to WLAN device.

State 9

• Command 0x1041 is sent to WLAN device.
• Command data sent to WLAN device contains MAC address.

State 10

• Command 0x29 is sent to WLAN device.
• Sets antenna.

State 11

• Command 0x110b is sent to WLAN device.

State 12

• Command 0x1109 is sent to WLAN device.

State 13

• Command 0x207 is sent to WLAN device.

State 14

• Command 0x203 is sent to WLAN device.

State 15

• Command 0x105f is sent to WLAN device.
• Command data sent to WLAN device contains MAC address, channel info and region code.

State 16

• LV2 waits for an event from WLAN device.

State 17

• LV2 accepts commands sent by LV2 syscall 726.

Test Program

• Here is a small program which executes a WLAN scan.
• I used libusb.

Source Code

/*
 * PS3 USB WLAN
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2011 glevand ([email protected])
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
 * by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>

#include <libusb-1.0/libusb.h>

#define USB_VENDOR_ID				0x054c /* $ONY */
#define USB_PRODUCT_ID				0x036f
#define USB_IFACE_NUMBER			3

#define USB_INTR_TRANSFER_EP5_IN_BUF_SIZE	0x800
#define USB_INTR_TRANSFER_EP5_OUT_BUF_SIZE	0x800

struct wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr {
	uint8_t unknown1;
	uint8_t unknown2;
	uint8_t unknown3;
	uint8_t unknown4;
	uint16_t unknown5;
	uint8_t res1[2];
	uint16_t tag;
	uint8_t res2[14];
} __attribute__ ((packed));

struct wlan_cmd_hdr {
	uint16_t command;
	uint16_t tag;
	uint16_t status;
	uint16_t payload_size;
	uint8_t res[4];
} __attribute__ ((packed));

struct wlan_event_pkt_hdr {
	uint8_t unknown1;
	uint8_t unknown2;
	uint8_t unknown3;
	uint8_t event_count;
} __attribute__ ((packed));

static libusb_context *usb_ctx;
static libusb_device_handle *usb_dev_handle;

static struct libusb_transfer *usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in;
static unsigned char usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_buf[USB_INTR_TRANSFER_EP5_IN_BUF_SIZE];

static unsigned char usb_intr_transfer_ep5_out_buf[USB_INTR_TRANSFER_EP5_OUT_BUF_SIZE];

static pthread_mutex_t usb_wlan_cmd_mutex;
static pthread_cond_t usb_wlan_cmd_cond;
static int volatile usb_wlan_cmd_busy;
static uint16_t usb_wlan_cmd;
static void *usb_wlan_cmd_data;

static int volatile usb_wlan_cmd_thread_done;

/*
 * WLAN won't work without this magic !!!
 */
static unsigned char usb_magic_data[] = {
	0x76, 0x4e, 0x4b, 0x07, 0x24, 0x42, 0x53, 0xfb, 0x5a, 0xc7, 0xcc, 0x1d, 0xae, 0x00, 0xc6, 0xd8,
	0x14, 0x40, 0x61, 0x8b, 0x13, 0x17, 0x4d, 0x7c, 0x3b, 0xb6, 0x90, 0xb8, 0x6e, 0x8b, 0xbb, 0x1d,
};

static unsigned char my_mac_addr[] = {
	0x00, 0x11, 0x22, 0x33, 0x44, 0x55,
};

/*
 * hexdump
 */
static void hexdump(const unsigned char *data, unsigned int data_size)
{
	int i, j;

	for (i = 0; i < data_size; i += 16) {
		fprintf(stdout, "%08x:", i);

		for (j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
			if (i + j < data_size) {
				fprintf(stdout, " %02x", data[i + j]);
			} else {
				fprintf(stdout, "   ");
			}
		}

		fprintf(stdout, " |");

		for (j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
			if (i + j < data_size) {
				if (isprint(data[i + j]))
					fprintf(stdout, "%c", data[i + j]);
				else
					fprintf(stdout, ".");
			} else {
				fprintf(stdout, " ");
			}
		}

		fprintf(stdout, "|\n");
	}
}

/*
 * usb_handle_wlan_event
 */
static void usb_handle_wlan_event(struct wlan_event_pkt_hdr *wlan_event_pkt_hdr)
{
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: === got WLAN event ===\n", __func__, __LINE__);

	/*
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: event packet header:\n", __func__, __LINE__);
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: unknown1 (0x%02x)\n", __func__, __LINE__,
		wlan_event_pkt_hdr->unknown1);
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: unknown2 (0x%02x)\n", __func__, __LINE__,
		wlan_event_pkt_hdr->unknown2);
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: unknown3 (0x%02x)\n", __func__, __LINE__,
		wlan_event_pkt_hdr->unknown3);
	*/
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: event_count (0x%02x)\n", __func__, __LINE__,
		wlan_event_pkt_hdr->event_count);

	hexdump((unsigned char *) (wlan_event_pkt_hdr + 1), wlan_event_pkt_hdr->event_count * 64);
}

/*
 * usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response
 */
static void usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response(struct wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr *wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr)
{
	struct wlan_cmd_hdr *wlan_cmd_hdr;
	uint8_t *wlan_cmd_payload;

	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: === got WLAN command response ===\n", __func__, __LINE__);

	wlan_cmd_hdr = (struct wlan_cmd_hdr *) (wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr + 1);
	wlan_cmd_payload = (uint8_t *) (wlan_cmd_hdr + 1);

	/* convert all header fields to big-endian byte order !!! */

	wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown5 = le16toh(wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown5);
	wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->tag = le16toh(wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->tag);			/* returned from request */

	wlan_cmd_hdr->command = le16toh(wlan_cmd_hdr->command);			/* request command + 1 */
	wlan_cmd_hdr->tag = le16toh(wlan_cmd_hdr->tag);				/* returned from request */
	wlan_cmd_hdr->status = le16toh(wlan_cmd_hdr->status);			/* 1 - success
										   2 - invalid parameters ???
										   3 - invalid command ??? */
	wlan_cmd_hdr->payload_size = le16toh(wlan_cmd_hdr->payload_size);	/* length of data that follows the header */

	/*
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: command packet header:\n", __func__, __LINE__);
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: unknown1 (0x%02x)\n", __func__, __LINE__,
		wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown1);
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: unknown2 (0x%02x)\n", __func__, __LINE__,
		wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown2);
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: unknown3 (0x%02x)\n", __func__, __LINE__,
		wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown3);
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: unknown4 (0x%02x)\n", __func__, __LINE__,
		wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown4);
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: unknown5 (0x%04x)\n", __func__, __LINE__,
		wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown5);
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: tag (0x%04x)\n", __func__, __LINE__,
		wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->tag);
	*/

	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: command header:\n", __func__, __LINE__);
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: command (0x%04x)\n", __func__, __LINE__,
		wlan_cmd_hdr->command);

	if ((usb_wlan_cmd + 1) != wlan_cmd_hdr->command)
		fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: ==> command does not match, got (0x%04x) expected (0x%04x)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, wlan_cmd_hdr->command, usb_wlan_cmd + 1);

	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: tag (0x%04x)\n", __func__, __LINE__,
		wlan_cmd_hdr->tag);
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: status (0x%04x)\n", __func__, __LINE__,
		wlan_cmd_hdr->status);

	if (wlan_cmd_hdr->status != 0x1)
		fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: ==> command status != 0x1\n", __func__, __LINE__);

	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: payload_size (0x%04x)\n", __func__, __LINE__,
		wlan_cmd_hdr->payload_size);

	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: command payload:\n", __func__, __LINE__);

	hexdump(wlan_cmd_payload, wlan_cmd_hdr->payload_size);

	memcpy(usb_wlan_cmd_data, wlan_cmd_payload, wlan_cmd_hdr->payload_size);

	pthread_mutex_lock(&usb_wlan_cmd_mutex);

	usb_wlan_cmd_busy = 0;

	pthread_cond_signal(&usb_wlan_cmd_cond);

	pthread_mutex_unlock(&usb_wlan_cmd_mutex);
}

/*
 * usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb
 */
static void usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb(struct libusb_transfer *transfer)
{
	struct wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr *wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr;
	int error;

	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: === got interrupt transfer ===\n", __func__, __LINE__);

	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: transfer status (%d) length (%d)\n",
		__func__, __LINE__, transfer->status, transfer->actual_length);

	wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr = (struct wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr *) transfer->buffer;

	if (wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown3 == 0x6)
		usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response(wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr);
	else if (wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown3 == 0x8)
		usb_handle_wlan_event((struct wlan_event_pkt_hdr *) transfer->buffer);
	else
		fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: got unknown packet (0x%02x)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown3);

	memset(usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_buf, 0, sizeof(usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_buf));

	libusb_fill_interrupt_transfer(usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in, usb_dev_handle, LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN | 0x5,
		usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_buf, sizeof(usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_buf),
		usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb, NULL, 0);

	error = libusb_submit_transfer(usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not submit transfer (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		exit(1);
	}
}

/*
 * usb_intr_transfer_ep5_out_cb
 */
static void usb_intr_transfer_ep5_out_cb(struct libusb_transfer *transfer)
{
	/*
	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: sent interrupt transfer\n", __func__, __LINE__);

	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: transfer status (%d)\n", __func__, __LINE__, transfer->status);
	*/

	libusb_free_transfer(transfer);
}

/*
 * usb_wlan_cmd_send
 */
static int usb_wlan_cmd_send(uint16_t command, const uint8_t *data, unsigned int data_size)
{
	struct wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr *wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr;
	struct wlan_cmd_hdr *wlan_cmd_hdr;
	uint8_t *wlan_cmd_payload;
	struct libusb_transfer *transfer;
	int error;

	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: sending command (0x%04x) data size (0x%04x) command size (0x%04x)\n",
		__func__, __LINE__, command, data_size, data_size + sizeof(struct wlan_cmd_hdr));

	transfer = libusb_alloc_transfer(0);
	if (!transfer) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not allocate transfer\n", __func__, __LINE__);
		error = -1;
		goto fail;
	}

	wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr = (struct wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr *) usb_intr_transfer_ep5_out_buf;
	wlan_cmd_hdr = (struct wlan_cmd_hdr *) (wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr + 1);
	wlan_cmd_payload = (uint8_t *) (wlan_cmd_hdr + 1);

	wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown1 = 0x1;
	wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown2 = 0x1;
	wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown3 = 0x6;
	wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown4 = 0x0;
	wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown5 = 0x1;
	wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->tag = 0xf00d;		/* returned in response */

	wlan_cmd_hdr->command = command;
	wlan_cmd_hdr->tag = 0xcafe;		/* returned in response */
	wlan_cmd_hdr->status = 0xa;
	wlan_cmd_hdr->payload_size = data_size;

	memcpy(wlan_cmd_payload, data, data_size);

	usb_wlan_cmd = command;
	usb_wlan_cmd_data = (void *) data;

	libusb_fill_interrupt_transfer(transfer, usb_dev_handle, LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_OUT | 0x5,
		usb_intr_transfer_ep5_out_buf,
		sizeof(struct wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr) + sizeof(struct wlan_cmd_hdr) + wlan_cmd_hdr->payload_size,
		usb_intr_transfer_ep5_out_cb, NULL, 0);

	/* convert all header fields to little-endian byte order !!! */

	wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown5 = htole16(wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->unknown5);
	wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->tag = htole16(wlan_cmd_pkt_hdr->tag);

	wlan_cmd_hdr->command = htole16(wlan_cmd_hdr->command);
	wlan_cmd_hdr->tag = htole16(wlan_cmd_hdr->tag);
	wlan_cmd_hdr->status = htole16(wlan_cmd_hdr->status);
	wlan_cmd_hdr->payload_size = htole16(wlan_cmd_hdr->payload_size);

	error = libusb_submit_transfer(transfer);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not submit transfer (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		goto fail_free_transfer;
	}

	pthread_mutex_lock(&usb_wlan_cmd_mutex);

	usb_wlan_cmd_busy = 1;

	while (usb_wlan_cmd_busy)
		pthread_cond_wait(&usb_wlan_cmd_cond, &usb_wlan_cmd_mutex);

	pthread_mutex_unlock(&usb_wlan_cmd_mutex);

	return 0;

fail_free_transfer:

	libusb_free_transfer(transfer);

fail:

	return error;
}

/*
 * usb_wlan_cmd_start_scan
 */
static int usb_wlan_cmd_start_scan(void)
{
	unsigned char data[256], *ptr;
	unsigned int data_size;

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	ptr = data;
	*ptr++ = 0x0;
	*ptr++ = 0x1;
	*ptr++ = 0x64;
	*ptr++ = 0x0;

	ptr = data + 0xa;
	*ptr++ = 0x3;

	*ptr++ = 13;	/* number of channels */
	*ptr++ = 1;	/* channels */
	*ptr++ = 2;
	*ptr++ = 3;
	*ptr++ = 4;
	*ptr++ = 5;
	*ptr++ = 6;
	*ptr++ = 7;
	*ptr++ = 8;
	*ptr++ = 9;
	*ptr++ = 10;
	*ptr++ = 11;
	*ptr++ = 12;
	*ptr++ = 13;

	data_size = ptr - data;

	return usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x1035, data, data_size);
}

/*
 * usb_wlan_cmd_get_scan_results
 */
static int usb_wlan_cmd_get_scan_results(void)
{
	unsigned char data[1456];
	unsigned int data_size;

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	data_size = sizeof(data);

	return usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x1033, data, data_size);
}

/*
 * usb_wlan_cmd_0x99
 */
static int usb_wlan_cmd_0x99(void)
{
	unsigned char data[0x3e];
	unsigned int data_size;

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	data_size = sizeof(data);

	return usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x99, data, data_size);
}

/*
 * usb_wlan_init
 */
static int usb_wlan_init(void)
{
	unsigned char data[1456], *ptr;
	unsigned int data_size;
	int error;

	/* state 0x1 */

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	data_size = 0x518;

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x114f, data, data_size);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not send command 0x114f (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		return error;
	}

	sleep(2);

	/* state 0x2 */

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	data_size = 0;

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x1171, data, data_size);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not send command 0x1171 (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		return error;
	}

	sleep(2);

	/* wait for a WLAN event */

	/* state 0x4 */

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	ptr = data;

	*ptr++ = 0x1;

	data_size = 0x4;

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x116f, data, data_size);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not send command 0x116f (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		return error;
	}

	sleep(2);

	/* state 0x5 */

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	ptr = data;

	*ptr++ = 0x1;

	ptr = data + 0x4;
	memcpy(ptr, my_mac_addr, sizeof(my_mac_addr));

	data_size = 0x5e;

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x115b, data, data_size);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not send command 0x115b (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		return error;
	}

	sleep(2);

	/* state 0x6 */

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	ptr = data + 0x1c;

	*ptr++ = 0x20;

	data_size = 0x20;

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x1161, data, data_size);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not send command 0x1161 (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		return error;
	}

	sleep(2);

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	ptr = data + 0xc;
	memset(ptr, 0xff, 7 * 4);

	data_size = 0x80;

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x110d, data, data_size);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not send command 0x110d (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		return error;
	}

	sleep(2);

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	data_size = 0x2;

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x1031, data, data_size);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not send command 0x1031 (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		return error;
	}

	sleep(2);

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	ptr = data;
	memcpy(ptr, my_mac_addr, sizeof(my_mac_addr));

	data_size = 0x6;

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x1041, data, data_size);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not send command 0x1041 (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		return error;
	}

	sleep(2);

	/* state 0xa */

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	ptr = data;

	*ptr++ = 0x2;
	*ptr++ = 0x2;

	data_size = 0x2;

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x29, data, data_size);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not send command 0x29 (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		return error;
	}

	sleep(2);

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	ptr = data;

	*ptr++ = 0x1;

	ptr = data + 8;

	*ptr++ = 0x20;

	data_size = 0xc;

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x110b, data, data_size);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not send command 0x110b (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		return error;
	}

	sleep(2);

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	ptr = data;

	*ptr++ = 0x1;

	ptr = data + 0x4;

	*ptr++ = 0x15;
	*ptr++ = 0x27;

	*ptr++ = 0x12;
	*ptr++ = 0x0;

	*ptr++ = 0x6;
	*ptr++ = 0x0;

	ptr = data + 0xc;

	*ptr++ = 0x9;
	*ptr++ = 0x0;
	*ptr++ = 0x1;

	ptr = data + 0x10;

	*ptr++ = 0xff;
	*ptr++ = 0xff;
	*ptr++ = 0xff;
	*ptr++ = 0xff;
	*ptr++ = 0xff;
	*ptr++ = 0xff;

	data_size = 0x16;

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x1109, data, data_size);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not send command 0x1109 (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		return error;
	}

	sleep(2);

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	ptr = data;

	*ptr++ = 0x1;

	data_size = 0x4;

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x207, data, data_size);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not send command 0x207 (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		return error;
	}

	sleep(2);

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	ptr = data;

	*ptr++ = 0x4;

	data_size = 0x4;

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x203, data, data_size);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not send command 0x203 (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		return error;
	}

	sleep(2);

	/* state 0xf */

	memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

	ptr = data;

	*ptr++ = 0xff;
	*ptr++ = 0x1f;

	memcpy(ptr, my_mac_addr, sizeof(my_mac_addr));

	ptr = data + 0x8;

	*ptr++ = 0x2;
	*ptr++ = 0x2;

	data_size = 0xa;

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_send(0x105f, data, data_size);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not send command 0x105f (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		return error;
	}

	return 0;
}

/*
 * usb_wlan_cmd_thread
 */
static void *usb_wlan_cmd_thread(void *arg)
{
	int error;

	error = usb_wlan_init();
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not initialize device (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		goto done;
	}

	sleep(5);

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_0x99();
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not start scanning (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		goto done;
	}

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_start_scan();
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not start scanning (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		goto done;
	}

	sleep(10);

	error = usb_wlan_cmd_get_scan_results();
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not get scan results (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		goto done;
	}

	sleep(10);

done:

	usb_wlan_cmd_thread_done = 1;

	return NULL;
}

/*
 * main
 */
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	unsigned char buf[256];
	pthread_t tid;
	struct timeval tv;
	int error;

	pthread_mutex_init(&usb_wlan_cmd_mutex, NULL);
	pthread_cond_init(&usb_wlan_cmd_cond, NULL);

	error = libusb_init(&usb_ctx);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: libusb_init failed (%d)\n", __func__, __LINE__, error);
		exit(1);
	}

	libusb_set_debug(usb_ctx, 5);

	usb_dev_handle = libusb_open_device_with_vid_pid(usb_ctx, USB_VENDOR_ID, USB_PRODUCT_ID);
	if (!usb_dev_handle) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not open device\n", __func__, __LINE__);
		exit(1);
	}

	if(libusb_kernel_driver_active(usb_dev_handle, USB_IFACE_NUMBER)) {
		fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: kernel driver is attached\n", __func__, __LINE__);

		error = libusb_detach_kernel_driver(usb_dev_handle, USB_IFACE_NUMBER);
		if (error) {
			fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not detach kernel driver (%d)\n",
				__func__, __LINE__, error);
			exit(1);
		}

		fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: kernel driver dettached\n", __func__, __LINE__);
	}

	error = libusb_claim_interface(usb_dev_handle, USB_IFACE_NUMBER);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not claim interface (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		exit(1);
	}

	error = libusb_control_transfer(usb_dev_handle, 0x40, 0x1, 0x9, 0x0,
		usb_magic_data, sizeof(usb_magic_data), 0);
	if (error < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not do control transfer (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		exit(1);
	}

	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: number of bytes transferred (%d)\n", __func__, __LINE__, error);

	error = libusb_control_transfer(usb_dev_handle, 0xc0, 0x0, 0x2, 0x0, buf, 2, 0);
	if (error < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not do control transfer (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		exit(1);
	}

	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: number of bytes received (%d)\n", __func__, __LINE__, error);

	fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: 0x%02x 0x%02x\n", __func__, __LINE__, buf[0], buf[1]);

	usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in = libusb_alloc_transfer(0);
	if (!usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not allocate transfer\n", __func__, __LINE__);
		exit(1);
	}

	memset(usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_buf, 0, sizeof(usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_buf));

	libusb_fill_interrupt_transfer(usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in, usb_dev_handle, LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN | 0x5,
		usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_buf, sizeof(usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_buf),
		usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb, NULL, 0);

	error = libusb_submit_transfer(usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not submit transfer (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		exit(1);
	}

	error = pthread_create(&tid, NULL, usb_wlan_cmd_thread, NULL);
	if (error) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not create WLAN command thread (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);
		exit(1);
	}

	while (!usb_wlan_cmd_thread_done) {
		tv.tv_sec = 1;
		tv.tv_usec = 0;

		error = libusb_handle_events_timeout(usb_ctx, &tv);
		if (error) {
			fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not handle events (%d)\n",
				__func__, __LINE__, error);
			exit(1);
		}
	}

	libusb_free_transfer(usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in);

	error = libusb_release_interface(usb_dev_handle, USB_IFACE_NUMBER);
	if (error)
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: could not release interface (%d)\n",
			__func__, __LINE__, error);

	libusb_close(usb_dev_handle);

	libusb_exit(usb_ctx);

	exit(0);
}

Output

glevand@debian-hdd:~/ps3_usb_wlan$ sudo ./ps3_usb_wlan 
sudo: unable to resolve host debian-hdd
main:824: number of bytes transferred (32)
main:833: number of bytes received (2)
main:835: 0x20 0x31
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x114f) data size (0x0518) command size (0x0524)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (36)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x1150)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0006)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:205: ==> command status != 0x1
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x0000)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x1171) data size (0x0000) command size (0x000c)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (36)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x1172)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x0000)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (68)
usb_handle_wlan_event:133: === got WLAN event ===
usb_handle_wlan_event:144: event_count (0x01)
00000000: 00 04 00 00 10 00 00 00 3c 22 02 00 00 00 00 00 |........<"......|
00000010: fc 90 02 c0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000020: 13 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |... ............|
00000030: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x116f) data size (0x0004) command size (0x0010)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (36)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x1170)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x0000)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x115b) data size (0x005e) command size (0x006a)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (36)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x115c)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x0000)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x1161) data size (0x0020) command size (0x002c)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (36)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x1162)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x0000)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x110d) data size (0x0080) command size (0x008c)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (36)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x110e)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x0000)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x1031) data size (0x0002) command size (0x000e)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (38)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x1032)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x0002)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
00000000: 00 00                                           |..              |
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x1041) data size (0x0006) command size (0x0012)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (42)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x1042)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x0006)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
00000000: 00 11 22 33 44 55                               |.."3DU          |
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x0029) data size (0x0002) command size (0x000e)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (38)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x002a)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x0002)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
00000000: 02 02                                           |..              |
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x110b) data size (0x000c) command size (0x0018)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (48)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x110c)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x000c)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
00000000: 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 00             |........ ...    |
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x1109) data size (0x0016) command size (0x0022)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (58)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x110a)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x0016)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
00000000: 01 00 00 00 15 27 12 00 06 00 00 00 09 00 01 00 |.....'..........|
00000010: ff ff ff ff ff ff                               |......          |
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x0207) data size (0x0004) command size (0x0010)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (40)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x0208)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x0004)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
00000000: 01 00 00 00                                     |....            |
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x0203) data size (0x0004) command size (0x0010)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (40)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x0204)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x0004)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
00000000: 04 00 00 00                                     |....            |
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x105f) data size (0x000a) command size (0x0016)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (36)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x1060)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x0000)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (68)
usb_handle_wlan_event:133: === got WLAN event ===
usb_handle_wlan_event:144: event_count (0x01)
00000000: 80 00 00 00 00 10 00 00 9e 2b 02 00 04 00 00 00 |.........+......|
00000010: fc 90 02 c0 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000020: 13 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |... ............|
00000030: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x0099) data size (0x003e) command size (0x004a)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (98)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x009a)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x003e)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
00000000: 4a 55 50 49 54 45 52 2d 54 57 4f 2d 46 57 2d 32 |JUPITER-TWO-FW-2|
00000010: 30 2e 30 2e 31 32 2e 70 30 28 4a 61 6e 20 31 39 |0.0.12.p0(Jan 19|
00000020: 20 32 30 31 30 20 32 31 3a 32 30 3a 35 33 29 00 | 2010 21:20:53).|
00000030: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00       |..............  |
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x1035) data size (0x0019) command size (0x0025)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (61)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x1036)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x0019)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
00000000: 00 01 64 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 0d 01 02 03 04 |..d.............|
00000010: 05 06 07 08 09 0a 0b 0c 0d                      |.........       |
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (68)
usb_handle_wlan_event:133: === got WLAN event ===
usb_handle_wlan_event:144: event_count (0x01)
00000000: 80 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 96 2e 02 00 01 00 00 00 |................|
00000010: fc 90 02 c0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000020: 13 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |... ............|
00000030: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
usb_wlan_cmd_send:288: sending command (0x1033) data size (0x05b0) command size (0x05bc)
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:233: === got interrupt transfer ===
usb_intr_transfer_ep5_in_cb:236: transfer status (0) length (1403)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:158: === got WLAN command response ===
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:191: command header:
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:192: command (0x1034)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:199: tag (0xcafe)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:201: status (0x0001)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:207: payload_size (0x0557)
usb_handle_wlan_cmd_response:210: command payload:
...
Here is scan output (removed by me)
...

Associate with AP

• I got association with AP working.
• If WLAN device is connected to an AP then the green LED is on, when data is received then the LED blinks.
• Data reception works finally !!!

How to Associate with WPA AP

• Set common configuration (command 0x1005)
• Set WPA configuration (command 0x1019)
• Set rate configuration (command 0x1ed)
• Associate (command 0x1001)

Packet Reception

• EP6 IN and EP7 IN endpoints are used for packet reception
• LV2 sends bulk transfers to both endpoints
• 4 bulk transfers are sent simultaneously for each enpoint
• Every bulk transfer is of size 0x620
• Make sure you set multicast address filter properly or else you won't receive broadcast packets !!!
• Bulk transfers returned by the host controller which do not contain any data have size of 0x10 bytes else transfers contain valid Ethernet frame. All 802.11 related data is stripped by the WLAN Gelic device.
• Make sure you set right MAC address with command 0x115b else device won't be able to receive packets destined to its own MAC address !!!

Test with libusb

usb_bulk_transfer_ep6_in_cb:318: === got data transfer ===
usb_bulk_transfer_ep6_in_cb:321: transfer status (0) length (98)
00000000: ff ff ff ff ff ff ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? 08 00 45 00 |..............E.|
00000010: 00 54 00 00 40 00 40 01 b5 fe c0 a8 01 5b c0 a8 |.T..@.@......[..|
00000020: 01 ff 08 00 9c 69 0d 45 00 e2 4e 5d 34 26 00 07 |.....i.E..N]4&..|
00000030: df e1 08 09 0a 0b 0c 0d 0e 0f 10 11 12 13 14 15 |................|
00000040: 16 17 18 19 1a 1b 1c 1d 1e 1f 20 21 22 23 24 25 |.......... !"#$%|
00000050: 26 27 28 29 2a 2b 2c 2d 2e 2f 30 31 32 33 34 35 |&'()*+,-./012345|
00000060: 36 37                                           |67              |
usb_bulk_transfer_ep6_in_cb:318: === got data transfer ===
usb_bulk_transfer_ep6_in_cb:321: transfer status (0) length (16)
00000000: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 |................|
usb_bulk_transfer_ep6_in_cb:318: === got data transfer ===
usb_bulk_transfer_ep6_in_cb:321: transfer status (0) length (16)
00000000: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 |................|
usb_bulk_transfer_ep6_in_cb:318: === got data transfer ===
usb_bulk_transfer_ep6_in_cb:321: transfer status (0) length (16)
00000000: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 |................|

Multicast Address Filter

• WLAN Gelic device supports hardware multicast address filtering
• Multicast address filtering is implemented with MAC address hashing and filter bitmap
• Filter bitmap is of size 4 * 8 bytes
• Multicast address filter is set with command 0x1161

MAC Address Hash Function

• Used by LV2

unsigned char hash(unsigned char *data, unsigned int size)
{
        unsigned int hash;
        int i, j;

        /*XXX: reverse data bits */

        hash = 0xffffffff;

        for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                hash = (((unsigned int) data[i]) << 24) ^ hash;

                for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
                        if (((int) hash) >= 0) {
                                hash = hash << 1;
                        } else {
                                hash = (hash << 1) ^ 0x04c10000;
                                hash = hash ^ 0x00001db7;
                        }
                }
        }

        hash = ((hash >> 24) & 0xf8) | (hash & 0x7);

        return hash & 0xff;
}

h = hash(mac_addr, 6);
v = 1 << (h & 0x1f);    /* word value in filter */
p = h >> 5;             /* word position in filter */


For broadcast address:
------------------------

v = 0x20000000
p = 7

That's why 0x20 is used with command 0x1161 !!! Without it the device won't deliver broadcast traffic.
Learned it the hard way, after 2 days of trying to get packet reception working :)

Packet Transmission

• Tx packets are sent to EP6 OUT
• Tx packets are normal Ethernet frames, they don't contain any WLAN data or other headers

AP Mode

• I got AP mode working with security disabled for now

AP Mode with Security Disabled

• Set AP SSID (command 0x5)
• Set channel (command 0x11)
• Set AP opmode (command 0xb9)
• Configure rate control (command 0x1ed)
• Set AP WEP Configuration (command 0x5b, all 0s)
• Command 0x61 (param 0x0)
• Command 0xc5 (param 0x0)
• Command 0x1 (param 0x1)
• Command 0x1dd (param 0x2)
• Now green LED should be on

ps3-jupiter Linux Drivers

• ps3_jupiter.ko is the common part of STA and AP mode. It implements a command interface to WLAN Gelic device and disptaches events to STA and AP drivers.
• ps3_jupiter_sta.ko is a STA mode implementation.
• ps3_jupiter_ap.ko is a AP mode implementation.
• Simple scanning works already in STA mode (try it out with iwlist scan)
• Packet reception works
• Packet transmission works
• WPA/WPA2 fully working and usable with wpa_supplicant

Finally, after several weeks of hard programming and reversing, the WLAN driver ps3_jupiter_sta achieved the milestone where i can use it with WPA2 :) I actually use it currently with WPA2 on my PS3 slim. It works damn !!! Try it out and report bugs and problems to me.

TODO

• Implement association in STA mode (finished)
• Implement packet reception and transmission in STA mode (finished)
• Implement WEP support
• Implement AP mode
• Find out if Jupiter supports Monitor mode and if yes how to enable it
• Implement EURUS driver for PHATs (has many advantages over the old OtherOS approach, e.g. AP mode)
• Port to FreeBSD

LV2 Network Stack

• LV2 uses BSD network stack, e.g. struct mbuf
• It's almost identical to FreeBSD network stack.

Network Device

IOCTLs

Set Multicast Address Filter (0x81012000)

• Sets multicast address filter
• Uses LV1 calls lv1_net_remove_multicast_address and lv1_net_add_multicast_address for Ethernet Gelic device
• Uses Eurus commands 0x1161, 0x1163 and 0x1165 for WLAN Gelic device

Unknown (0x8101200E)

• Uses LV1 call lv1_net_control(0x8000000000000001)

Unknown (0x81040000)

• Uses LV1 call lv1_net_control(0x8, [0x0, 0x1 or 0x2]) for Ethernet Gelic device
• Uses Eurus commands 0x116F, 0x115D and 0x115B for WLAN Gelic device

Enable/Disable WOL Magic Packet (0x81080000)

• Enables/Disables WOL Magic Packet
• Uses LV1 call lv1_net_control(0x5 /* GELIC_LV1_SET_WOL */, 0x1 /* GELIC_LV1_WOL_MAGIC_PACKET */) for Ethernet Gelic device
• Uses Eurus commands 0x1139 and 0x1155 for WLAN Gelic device

Unknown (0x81080001)

• Uses LV1 call lv1_net_control(0x5 /* GELIC_LV1_SET_WOL */, 0x2) for Ethernet Gelic device
• Uses Eurus commands 0x113B and 0x1157 for WLAN Gelic device

Unknown (0x81080002)

• Uses LV1 call lv1_net_control(0x5 /* GELIC_LV1_SET_WOL */, 0x3) for Ethernet Gelic device
• Uses Eurus commands 0x113D and 0x1159 for WLAN Gelic device

Unknown (0x81080003)

• Uses LV1 call lv1_net_control(0x5 /* GELIC_LV1_SET_WOL */, 0x4) for Ethernet Gelic device
• Uses Eurus command 0x1161 for WLAN Gelic device

Unknown (0x81080005)

• Uses LV1 call lv1_net_control(0x5 /* GELIC_LV1_SET_WOL */, 0x6 /* GELIC_LV1_WOL_ADD_MATCH_ADDR */) for Ethernet Gelic device
• Uses Eurus commands 0x116D and 0x1167 for WLAN Gelic device

Network Packet

• LV2 network packet is represented by struct mbuf

RSX

Crossreference: gitbrew.org::RSX

HV Calls

lv1_gpu_memory_allocate

• LV1 supports 16 memory handles simultaneously.
• LV1 uses a bitmap to manage GPU VRAM.
• The bitmap is located in LV1 memory, 4 double words.
• Each bit corresponds to 1MB VRAM, 256bit = 256MB VRAM.
• 2MB at the top of VRAM are preallocated as you can see below.

<memory handle> = 0x5a5a5a5a xor <memory handle index>

Memory Context Object

offset 0x8 - memory handle (4 bytes)

offset 0x10 - VRAM LPAR start address (8 bytes)

offset 0x18 - VRAM LPAR end address (8 bytes)

Test

• The offset of bitmap could be different on your system because it's allocated dynamically.
• First 9MB of VRAM were allocated by ps3fb Linux driver.

Before allocating VRAM:

glevand@debian-hdd:~$ sudo dd if=/dev/ps3ram bs=1 count=$((0x20)) skip=$((0x1f85b0)) | hexdump -C 
00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 01 ff  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |.......ÿ........|
00000010  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  c0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |........À.......|

After allocating 32 MB VRAM:

glevand@debian-hdd:~$ sudo dd if=/dev/ps3ram bs=1 count=$((0x20)) skip=$((0x1f85b0)) | hexdump -C 
00000000  00 00 01 ff ff ff ff ff  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |...ÿÿÿÿÿ........|
00000010  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  c0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |........À.......|

lv1_gpu_context_allocate

• Register %r4 is flags.
• Found the place in LV1 where LV1 sets IO page size for GART memory mapping. We could patch it and set to 4KB. That would make a lot of things easier for RSX developers on Linux.
• 1MB pages make RSX driver for Linux hard to implement because allocating 1Mb contiguous memory chunk on Linux is very very hard especially on a system with only 256MB and which was running for some time.

• LV1 supports 16 contexts simultaneously.
• LV1 has an array of context pointers.
• Each context has an index and a handle. The handle is derived from the index of the context.

<context handle> = 0x55555555 xor <context index>

• Thats why first created context will have handle 0x55555555.

Context Object

offset 0x8 - handle (4 bytes)

offset 0x48 - IO page size, valid range is 4kB, 64KB and 1MB (8 bytes)

Flags

0x2 - tells LV1 to use 64KB pages for GART memory mapping else LV1 uses 1MB pages

lv1_gpu_context_iomap

• Internally uses lv1_put_iopte function
• IO page size is the one set during lv1_gpu_context_allocate
• IO address space id is 0x0. IO id is 0x1.

lv1_gpu_context_attribute

Attribute 0x1

FIFO Command Buffer Setup

lv1_gpu_context_attribute(context handle, 0x1, PUT offset, GET offset, 0x0, 0x0)

Attribute 0x101

Set Flip Mode

lv1_gpu_attribute(0x2, 0x1 /* head */, 0x0, 0x0)
lv1_gpu_context_attribute(context handle, 0x101, 0x1 /* head */, sync mode, 0x0, 0x0)

Attribute 0x104

Set Display Buffer

lv1_gpu_context_attribute(context handle, 0x104, id, width << 32 | height, pitch << 32 | offset, 0x0)

Attribute 0x10a

Get Flip Status

• Reads a value at offset 0x10C0 + 0x1 * 0x40 in lpar_reports memory.

Reset Flip Status

lv1_gpu_context_attribute(context handle, 0x10a, 0x1 /* id */, 0x7fffffff /* mask */, 0x0 /* value */, 0x0)

• The LV1 call lv1_gpu_context_attribute(0x10a) accesses LPAR memory returned in lpar_reports by LV1 call lv1_gpu_context_allocate.
• Offset into lpar_reports is 0x10C0 + id * 0x40 = 0x10C0 + 0x1 * 0x40.
• Why not access lpar_reports memory directly and use LV1 call instead ???

Attribute 0x10b

• This attribute is NOT available on 3.15 LV1 e.g. but on 3.41 it's implemented.

Set Cursor Position

lv1_gpu_context_attribute(context handle, 0x10b, 0x1, 0x3, x, y)

Set Cursor Image Offset

lv1_gpu_context_attribute(context handle, 0x10b, 0x1, 0x2, offset, 0x0)

Attribute 0x10c

• This attribute is NOT available on 3.15 LV1 e.g. but on 3.41 it's implemented.

Cursor Function 1

lv1_gpu_context_attribute(context handle, 0x10c, 0x1, 0x1, 0x0, 0x0)

Cursor Function 2

lv1_gpu_context_attribute(context handle, 0x10c, 0x1, 0x2, 0x0, 0x0)

Attribute 0x10d

• This attribute is NOT available on 3.15 LV1 e.g. but on 3.41 it's implemented.

Cursor Function 1

lv1_gpu_context_attribute(context handle, 0x10d, 0x1, 0x1, 0x0, 0x0)

Attribute 0x601

• Copies data from GART memory to VRAM.
• LV1 uses internally the FIFO command buffer passed by ps3fb driver with lv1_gpu_context_iomap.

FIFO commands:

0x0004C184
0xFEED0001

0x0004C198
0x313371C3

0x00046300
0x0000000A

for ()
{
    for ()
    {
        0x0004630C
        <param>

        0x00046304
        <param>

        0x0024C2FC
        0x00000001
        0x00000003
        0x00000003
        <param1>
        <param2>
        <param3>
        <param4>
        0x00010000
        0x00010000

        0x0001C400
        <param1>
        <param2>
        <param3>
        0x00000000
    }
}

0x00040110
0x00000000

FIFO Command Buffer

FIFO Control Registers

• LV1 call lv1_gpu_context_allocate returns LPAR address of FIFO control registers.
• You have to map it into Linux address space before you can access FIFO control registers.
• Value of PUT and GET registers are NOT expressed in Linux address space but in RSX address space. You have to convert it to RSX address space.
• GET register is read-only and is modified by RSX while it's processing FIFO commands.

Kicking FIFO Command Buffer

• As long as values of GET and PUT FIFO control registers are equal, RSX doesn't process commands from the FIFO command buffer.
• When the value of PUT register is not equal to the value of GET register, RSX starts processing commands in the FIFO command buffer.
• To execute FIFO commands, place them in the FIFO command buffer and change the value of PUT register.

FIFO Setup Programs of emer_init.self

• PS3:HvReverseEngineering:emer_init.self:Program 1
• PS3:HvReverseEngineering:emer_init.self:Program 2
• PS3:HvReverseEngineering:emer_init.self:Program 3

Example How to Use FIFO Command Buffer

Here is a small Linux kernel module which shows you how to use FIFO command buffer on Linux.

• RSX allows to create multiple contexts.
• This kernel module should run without problems with ps3fb driver already running.
• Make sure you unload ps3vram driver before running this module because ps3vram allocates all available RSX memory for itself and because of this, lv1_gpu_memory_allocate will always fail.
• This kernel module lets the RSX execute a simple program which contains only NOP (No Operation) commands.

Download source code: [2]

Source Code

/*
 * PS3 RSX
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
 * by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 */

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>

#include <asm/abs_addr.h>
#include <asm/cell-regs.h>
#include <asm/lv1call.h>
#include <asm/ps3.h>

#define RSX_FIFO_CMD_BUF_SIZE	(1 * 1024 * 1024)

#define RSX_MEM_SIZE		(32 * 1024 * 1024)

#define RSX_GPU_IOIF		(0x0e000000ul)

#define RSX_FIFO_CTRL_SIZE	(4 * 1024)

struct rsx_fifo_ctrl {
	u8 res[0x40];
	u32 put;
	u32 get;
};

static u32 *rsx_fifo_cmd_buf;
static u64 rsx_fifo_cmd_buf_lpar;

static u64 rsx_mem_handle, rsx_mem_lpar;
static u64 rsx_ctx_handle;
static u64 rsx_fifo_ctrl_lpar;
static u64 rsx_drv_info_lpar;
static u64 rsx_reports_lpar, rsx_reports_size;

static struct rsx_fifo_ctrl *rsx_fifo_ctrl;

/*
 * FIFO program
 */
static u32 rsx_fifo_prg[] = {
	0x00000000, /* nop */
	0x00000000, /* nop */
	0x00000000, /* nop */
};

/*
 * ps3rsx_init
 */
static int __init ps3rsx_init(void)
{
	unsigned long timeout;
	int res;

	/* FIFO command buffer must be allocated in XDR memory */

	rsx_fifo_cmd_buf = kmalloc(RSX_FIFO_CMD_BUF_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!rsx_fifo_cmd_buf) {
		printk(KERN_INFO"could not allocate FIFO command buffer\n");
		res = -ENOMEM;
		goto fail;
	}

	res = lv1_gpu_memory_allocate(RSX_MEM_SIZE, 0, 0, 0, 0,
		&rsx_mem_handle, &rsx_mem_lpar);
	if (res) {
		printk(KERN_INFO"lv1_gpu_memory_allocate failed (%d)\n", res);
		res = -ENXIO;
		goto fail_free_fifo_cmd_buf_mem;
	}

	res = lv1_gpu_context_allocate(rsx_mem_handle, 0,
		&rsx_ctx_handle, &rsx_fifo_ctrl_lpar, &rsx_drv_info_lpar,
		&rsx_reports_lpar, &rsx_reports_size);
	if (res) {
		printk(KERN_INFO"lv1_gpu_context_allocate failed (%d)\n", res);
		res = -ENXIO;
		goto fail_free_gpu_mem;
	}
	
	/* map FIFO command buffer into RSX address space */

	rsx_fifo_cmd_buf_lpar = ps3_mm_phys_to_lpar(__pa(rsx_fifo_cmd_buf));

	res = lv1_gpu_context_iomap(rsx_ctx_handle,
		RSX_GPU_IOIF, rsx_fifo_cmd_buf_lpar, RSX_FIFO_CMD_BUF_SIZE,
		CBE_IOPTE_PP_W | CBE_IOPTE_PP_R | CBE_IOPTE_M);
	if (res) {
		printk(KERN_INFO"lv1_gpu_context_iomap failed (%d)\n", res);
		res = -ENXIO;
		goto fail_free_gpu_mem;
	}

	/* map RSX FIFO control registers */

	rsx_fifo_ctrl = (struct rsx_fifo_ctrl *) ioremap(rsx_fifo_ctrl_lpar, RSX_FIFO_CTRL_SIZE);
	if (!rsx_fifo_ctrl) {
		printk(KERN_INFO"could not map FIFO control\n");
		res = -ENXIO;
		goto fail_free_gpu_mem;
	}

	/* PUT and GET offsets are in RSX address space */

	res = lv1_gpu_context_attribute(rsx_ctx_handle, 0x1,
		RSX_GPU_IOIF + 0x0 /* PUT offset */, RSX_GPU_IOIF + 0x0 /* GET offset */,
		0x0, 0x0);
	if (res) {
		printk(KERN_INFO"lv1_gpu_context_attribute(0x1) failed (%d)\n", res);
		res = -ENXIO;
		goto fail_unmap_fifo_ctrl;
	}

	/* copy FIFO commands to FIFO command buffer */

	memcpy(rsx_fifo_cmd_buf, rsx_fifo_prg, sizeof(rsx_fifo_prg));

	printk(KERN_INFO"GET offset (0x%08x) PUT offset (0x%08x)\n", rsx_fifo_ctrl->get, rsx_fifo_ctrl->put);

	/* kick FIFO */

	rsx_fifo_ctrl->put = RSX_GPU_IOIF + sizeof(rsx_fifo_prg);

	/* poll until RSX is done processing FIFO commands */

	timeout = 100;

	while (timeout--) {
		if (rsx_fifo_ctrl->get == rsx_fifo_ctrl->put)
			break;

		msleep(1);
	}

	printk(KERN_INFO"GET offset (0x%08x) PUT offset (0x%08x)\n", rsx_fifo_ctrl->get, rsx_fifo_ctrl->put);

	if (rsx_fifo_ctrl->get != rsx_fifo_ctrl->put) {
		printk(KERN_INFO"FIFO command buffer timeout\n");
		res = -ENXIO;
		goto fail_unmap_fifo_ctrl;
	}

	return 0;

fail_unmap_fifo_ctrl:

	iounmap(rsx_fifo_ctrl);


fail_free_gpu_mem:

	lv1_gpu_memory_free(rsx_mem_handle);

fail_free_fifo_cmd_buf_mem:

	kfree(rsx_fifo_cmd_buf);

fail:

	return res;
}

/*
 * ps3rsx_exit
 */
static void __exit ps3rsx_exit(void)
{
	iounmap(rsx_fifo_ctrl);

	lv1_gpu_context_iomap(rsx_ctx_handle, RSX_GPU_IOIF, rsx_fifo_cmd_buf_lpar,
		RSX_FIFO_CMD_BUF_SIZE, CBE_IOPTE_M);

	lv1_gpu_context_free(rsx_ctx_handle);

	lv1_gpu_memory_free(rsx_mem_handle);

	kfree(rsx_fifo_cmd_buf);
}

module_init(ps3rsx_init);
module_exit(ps3rsx_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("PS3 RSX");
MODULE_AUTHOR("glevand");

Test

# insmod ./ps3rsx.ko
# dmesg

GET offset (0x0e000000) PUT offset (0x0e000000)  # GET and PUT offsets before kicking FIFO
GET offset (0x0e00000c) PUT offset (0x0e00000c)  # GET and PUT offsets after kicking FIFO

As you see, RSX processed our FIFO commands :)

Linux Driver

• DRI/DRM is the ONLY way to go !!! No hacks like kernel modules with tons of IOCTLs !!!
• First implement 2D acceleration and then add 3D support
• The driver consists of 2 parts: DDX driver for X11 (user space) and DRM driver for Linux Kernel (kernel space)
• First implement DRM driver and test it from user space without DDX and libdrm by talking to it directly

DDX Driver

• Use libdrm
• Use EXA API for 2D acceleration on X11 (or maybe use XAA API)
• Use Kernel Mode Setting

DRM Driver

• Extend nouveau driver or create a new one ???
• Decision: create new DRM driver in order to learn how DRM framework in Linux kernel works and because we have to use LV1 calls to access RSX (and because it's a lot more fun to do it on my own). But use nouveau as an example for DRM driver. Maybe i should better use radeon DRM driver as an example beacuse it seems to be better designed and implemnted !!!
• The driver is very low level and allows direct access to almost all RSX funtions, e.g. FIFO buffer, to achieve maximum performance.
• All data buffers, e.g. vertices and textures, are managed by DRM framework (Linux kernel). To avoid copying from user to kernel space, the buffers will be mmaped into user space.
• Provides an interface to manage graphic objects in VRAM.
• Use TTM or GEM ??? TTM is used by radeon and nouvea drivers, so i guess we could use it too. GEM is for Intel chips.
• Extend libdrm library to support new DRM driver.
• Fences can be implemented with RSX REF Control Register

Memory Management

• Size of all memory objects must be multiple of the page size (4096 bytes) even if a smaller size is requested by user
• Nouveau driver uses IOCTL DRM_NOUVEAU_GEM_NEW to allocate memory objects in VRAM or GART. The IOCTL returns the handle of the newly allocated memory object.
• An example from Mesa how memory objects are used: [3] [4]

Video RAM

• VRAM is allocated once during context creating and cannot be changed during the whole life of the context.
• lv1_gpu_memory_allocate returns LPAR address of allocated VRAM which can be mapped into kernel address space.
• VRAM starts at offset 0x0 in GPU address space.
• VRAM heap management is necessary, use e.g. TTM (ttm_bo_init_mm).
• This memory type is used e.g. for vertices or textures.
• It should be mappable from user space in order to allow user to put data there.
• GameOS calls it Local Memory.
• VRAM can be mapped into kernel-space with ioremap.
• To map VRAM into user-space map it first into kernel-space with ioremap and then use remap_pfn_range to map into user-space.
• Use VM_IO flag for this kind of memory when mapping it into user-space.
• Mapping examples: [5] [6]

GART Memory

• GART memory region is a memory region in System Memory but accessible by RSX through GART [7].
• GameOS calls it Main Memory.
• Problem: lv1_gpu_context_iomap supports ONLY 1MB and 64kB pages
• Size of system memory objects mapped into GPU address space should be either multiple of 1MB which means wasting lots of RAM and we don't have enough of it anyways. This solution is NOT suitable.
• Or place several GART memory objects into 1 MB page and map it. That would mean we have to use memory manager for each 1MB page.
• That means, we have to allocate 1MB page even if user requested a smaller memory region. Then initialize a heap manager for this 1MB page and return ONLY requested size. The following requests for GART memory regions can be satisfied from the previously allocated 1MB pages which still have enough free memory.
• FIFO command buffer is an example of a GART memory object which has to be mapped into GPU address space with lv1_gpu_context_iomap before it can be used by RSX.
• User allocates FIFO command buffer in GART address space, maps it into user space, write commands into it and then pushes it to DRM driver which maps it into RSX address space and CALLs it.
• TTM: TTM_PL_FLAG_TT for GART memory
• GameOS applications using GCM library map GART memory beginning at offset 0x10000000 or 0x20000000, just after where the whole VRAM is mapped.
• Don't use kmalloc for this type of memory. Use __get_free_pages and mark pages with flag VM_RESERVED before exporting it to user-space else they can be swapped out.
• TTM uses struct ttm_backend_func to call driver specific GART mapping functions. nouveau_sgdma.c handles GART memory mapping.

CPU Memory

• This type of memory cannot be accessed by RSX at all.
• Because this type of memory is not mapped into RSX address space through GART we don't need to allocate it in 1MB multiples.
• What do we need it for ???

Mapping Memory Objects into Kernel-Space

• Nouveau driver uses ttm_bo_kmap to map memory objects into kernel-space (see ttm_bo_util.c).
• Nouveau driver uses ttm_bo_ioremap to map IO memory into kernel-space, e.g. VRAM or GPU registers (see ttm_bo_util.c) which uses ioremp_wc or ioremp_nocache.
• TTM uses page-wise allocation for buffers. The buffers are contiguous ONLY in a single page. That has a huge advantage over allocating 1MB contiguous memory blocks in kernel space. It's far easier to allocate a single page in Linux kernel than 1MB memory chunk, especially on PS3 arch which has only 256MB.
• Problem: lv1_gpu_context_iomap allows ONLY 1MB pages. Use lv1_put_iopte ???. See [8], [9], [10] and [11].
• Yes, we can use lv1_put_iopte instead of lv1_gpu_context_iomap. That would solve the problem with 1MB pages on Linux. Both LV1 calls use the same internal LV1 function to map memory pages.
• lv1_gpu_context_iomap uses IOAS_ID 0 and IOID 1.
• TTM allows to map a buffer multiple times. Mapping information is stored in struct ttm_bo_kmap_obj.
• To make single allocated pages look contiguous to kernel-space, TTM uses vmap.
• It is possible to use 64KB pages for GART mapping without patching LV1. To enable 4KB pages support we have to patch LV1.
• Tested with 64kB IO page size. It works fine.

Mapping Memory Objects into User-Space

• User-space programs should be able to allocate memory objects in VRAM or GART and map it with mmap syscall.
• See nouveau_ttm.c:nouveau_ttm_mmap.
• Mapping memory objects into user-space avoids copying of data between user/kernel spaces.
• Problem: how to identify memory objects ???
• libdrm uses handles which are returned by DRM kernel driver when a new memory object is created. The handle is passed to mmap syscall as parameter offset. DRM driver looks up the handle and identifies the appropriate memory object which is mapped into user-space then.
• Nouveau driver uses TTM framework to map memory objects into user-space. TTM doesn't map all pages owned by the memory object at once but installs VM operation fault which maps single pages on demand. It makes sense because user application rarely accesses all pages of the mapped memory object at once.
• To map memory objects located in VRAM we have to map it into kernel space first with ioremap.

FIFO Command Buffer

• Every context has its own one main FIFO command buffer which is NOT accessible directly by user space.
• User-space applications can allocate additional FIFO command buffers in GART memory space, map it into user space, store commands there and submit to DRM driver.
• Nouveau driver uses IOCTL NOUVEAU_GEM_PUSHBUF to execute FIFO command buffers. See nouveau_gem.c:nouveau_gem_ioctl_pushbuf.
• By user applications submitted FIFO command buffers are mapped by DRM driver into RSX address space first and then executed with CALL command.
• Problem: All references to graphics objects contained in FIFO command buffers must be expressed in RSX address space. How does user space know the right offsets of the referenced objects ???
• To solve the above problem, Nouveau driver uses relocations which are submitted to DRM driver together with FIFO command buffers. The DRM driver applies the specified relocations before executing the FIFO command buffer. See nouveau_gem.c:nouveau_gem_pushbuf_reloc_apply.
• Relocations contain memory object handles which they apply to. The DRM driver looks up the memory object by its handle and the memory objects contain GPU address space offsets.

Example

       ---------------------------------------------------------------
      |                                                               |
      |                                                               |
     \|/     Main FIFO command buffer (one per allocated context)     |
 ------------------------------         ------------------------------------
|           |         |                    |          |          |          |
|    ...    |   CALL  |         ...        |   CALL   |   ...    |   JMP    |
|           |         |                    |          |          |          |
 ------------------------------         ------------------------------------
                 |       /|\                    |         /|\
    -------------|        |                     |          |
    |               ------|             --------|          |
   \|/              |                   |               ---|
 -----------------------                |               |
|       |       |       |               |               |
|  ...  |  ...  |  RET  |               |               |
|       |       |       |               |               |
 -----------------------                |               |
   FIFO command buffer 1                |               |
  (allocated by user space)            \|/              |
                                     -----------------------
                                    |       |       |       |
                                    |  ...  |  ...  |  RET  |
                                    |       |       |       |
                                     -----------------------
                                       FIFO command buffer 2
                                     (allocated by user space)

Fences

• Nouveau driver implements DRM fences with REF control register. See nouveau_fence.c:nouveau_fence_new.
• Newer Nvidia chips support semaphores. Nouveau driver uses semaphores for fences if they are supported.
• libgcm functions SetWriteCommandLabel and SetWaitLabel use semaphores.
• SetWriteCommandLabel releases semaphore and SetWaitLabel acquires semaphore.
• Semaphores are placed in VRAM. Nouveau driver creates a small VRAM heap for semaphores. See nouveau_fence.c:nouveau_fence_channel_init.

IOCTLs

Context Create

• Creates new RSX context
• Allocates VRAM and memory for FIFO buffer
• Needed VRAM size and FIFO buffer size must be known during context creation

Context Destroy

• Destroys previously allocated context

Context Attribute

• Changes context attributes

Graphic Object Creatre

• Create a graphic object either in VRAM or in XDR
• Used to create FIFO command buffers too (only in XDR of course because RSX supoorts FIFO command buffer in XDR only)

Graphic Object Destroy

• Frees previously created graphic object

FIFO Execute

• Allows user space applications to execute FIFO commands.
• To avoid copying of buffers allocated by user space to main FIFO command buffer use CALL and RET RSX FIFO commands to execute FIFO commands in buffers allocated by user space.
• Several FIFO command buffers can be submitted at once.

Framebuffer

• Kernel DRM driver has to implement a frame buffer driver too
• Nouvea driver allocates frame buffer in video RAM and maps it into kernel address space (see nouveau_fbcon.c:nouveau_fbcon_create). Current ps3fb Linux driver doesn't allocate frame buffer in vide RAM but in system RAM.
• Direct access to video RAM from kernel is very very slow but some of frame buffer functions in Nouvea driver are hardware accelerated. We could do it the same way on Linux and get a hardware accelerated frame buffer this way. Not sure why ps3fb authors didn't add hardware acceleration to frame buffer. The reason why it was not implemnted in ps3fb is because LV1 doesn't create 2D graphic objects needed for 2D hardware acceleration.
• lv1_gpu_allocate_memory returns LPAR address of video RAM allocated for the RSX context.
• Unfortunately lv1_gpu_context_allocate doesn't initialize 2D ROP objects but we could use 3D operations to implement 2D ROPs.

libdrm

• Add support for RSX DRM to libdrm

Test Kernel Module and Program

• I uploaded here a test kernel module and a test user application: [12] and [13]
• I used a similar technique for mapping GPU resources into user-space like Linux kernel DRM drivers do it, e.g. Nouveau. But of course everything is very simplified in comparison with Nouveau driver. All GPU resources are mapped to user-space with mmap and there is no data copying between user and kernel space, for performance reasons. Mapping GPU resources into user-space like this is more flexible than IOCTLs.
• The purpose of the kernel module and the user application is to test how RSX works, to test FIFO commands and other stuff i reversed from Lv2. It's NOT for end users.
• Before loading the kernel module make sure ps3vram kernel module is NOT loaded.
• I used 64kB IO pages for GPU context. 4kB IO page size would be definitely a lot better for that we have to patch LV1. I will add this patch to my ps3mfw tasks for LV1.
• Just load the kernel module and then run the user application.
• The user application maps all context resources and executes some simple FIFO commands, like JMP or SET REF.
• I will add more examples later.
• By default, the kernel module allocates 8MB VRAM, 64kB FIFO and 1MB GART memory. You can change it by using kernel module parameters.
• Take a look at how i made non-contiguous allocated GART memory look contiguous to GPU, kernel-space and user-space.
• The kernel module needs some IOCTLs, e.g. for setting display buffers or flip status, because it can be done ONLY with LV1 calls. I will add it later.

Links

• http://yangman.ca/blog/2009/10/linux-graphics-driver-stack-explained
• http://www.bitwiz.org.uk/s/how-dri-and-drm-work.html
• http://dri.sourceforge.net/doc/drm_low_level.html
• http://www.botchco.com/agd5f/?p=50
• http://webcvs.freedesktop.org/xorg/xc/programs/Xserver/hw/xfree86/doc/DESIGN?view=co
• http://www.x.org/wiki/ModularDevelopersGuide
• http://www.xfree86.org/current/DESIGN20.html
• http://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/GraphicStackOverview
• http://cgit.freedesktop.org/nouveau/xf86-video-nouveau/tree/
• http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/xserver/tree/hw/xfree86/doc/exa-driver.txt
• http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/xserver/tree/hw/xfree86/xaa/XAA.HOWTO
• http://cgit.freedesktop.org/nouveau/linux-2.6/tree/drivers/gpu/drm
• http://kernel.org/doc/htmldocs/drm/drmInternals.html
• http://paginas.fe.up.pt/~mei04010/dri-architecture.pdf
• http://www.ecsl.cs.sunysb.edu/tr/TR222.pdf
• http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/columns/the_new_xorg_features
• http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/columns/xorgs_x_window_innovation_its_not_all_about_graphics#
• http://www.virtuousgeek.org/exa-driver.txt
• http://www.x.org/wiki/ttm
• http://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/NvObjectTypes
• TTM: [14] [15]
• GEM: [16]
• TTM vs GEM: [17]
• OMAP DRM Driver: https://github.com/robclark/kernel-omap4/tree/omap_gpu-android/drivers/gpu/drm/omap

BD Drive

Crossreference: gitbrew.org::HV#BD Drive

Profile

• BD profile can be read with GET PROFILE device command or SCSI command GET CONFIGURATION

Profile Table

Profile	Description
0x0	No Current Profile
0x2	Removable Disk
0x8	CD-ROM
0x9	CD-R
0xa	CD-RW
0x10	DVD-ROM
0x11	DVD-R Sequential recording
0x12	DVD-RAM
0x13	DVD-RW Restricted Overwrite
0x14	DVD-RW Sequential recording
0x1a	DVD+RW
0x1b	DVD+R
0x40	BD-ROM
0x41	BD-R Sequential Recording(TBD)
0x42	BD-R Random Recording(TBD)
0x43	BD-RE
0x50	PS1 CD-ROM
0x60	PS2 CD-ROM
0x61	PS2 DVD-ROM
0x70	PS3 DVD-ROM
0x71	PS3 BD-ROM
0x10000	CD-DA
0x20000	SACD
0x100000	Dual Layer (Parallel)
0x200000	Dual Layer (else Parallel)

Buffer

• BD drive has several buffers associated with internal flash
• Buffer can be read and written with SCSI commands READ/WRITE BUFFER
• Writing buffer is enabled with SCSI command MODE SELECT 10 first

Buffer Table

ID	Size	Description
0x0	0x8000	Used to transfer firmware to BD drive
0x1	0x800	Serial Flash
0x2	0x60	P-Block
0x3	0x670	S-Block
0x4	0x8000	Host Revocation List (HRL) Empty
0x5	0x8000	Host Revocation List (HRL) Current
0x6	0x670	S-Block
0x7	0x8000	Host Revocation List (HRL)

HRL Buffer

• Size is 32KB just like AACS specifications prescribes (See AACS Common Specification 3.2.5.2 Host Revocation List Record)
• We could replace HRL with an older one in BD drive flash and restore revoked Host Certificates !!!

Device Commands

Get Profile (0x11)

• BD profile can be read with LV1 call lv1_send_storage_device_command and command 0x11
• LV1 sends SCSI command GET CONFIGURATION to BD drive with requested type 0x0, starting feature number 0x0 and allocation length 0x8
• See SCSI command GET CONFIGURATION

Auto Request Sense Mode On/Off (0x30)

• LV1 expects a 4 byte value: 0x0 - On, 0x1 - Off
• can be get/set via GameOS sc0x25C/604: sys_storage_send_device_command(fd of bdvd,0x30,value,4,0,0 )

SCSI Commands

Get Configuration

Getting the profile of a BD movie disc:

# sg_raw -r 0x8 /dev/sr0 46 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00
SCSI Status: Good 

Sense Information:
sense buffer empty

Received 8 bytes of data:
 00     00 00 00 38 00 00 00 40                             ...8...@   

# 0x40 means BD-ROM

Getting the profile of a PS3 game disc:

# sg_raw -r 0x8 /dev/sr0 46 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00
SCSI Status: Good 

Sense Information:
sense buffer empty

Received 8 bytes of data:
 00     00 00 00 38 00 00 ff 71                             ...8...q 
 
# 0x71 means PS3 BD-ROM

Get SS Key

• By SCSI standard undocumented parameters are used
• SCSI Report Key command with key format 0x3 and key class 0xe0
• 8 bytes are returned by BD drive
• Used by VSH

Test with PS3 game disc:

# sg_raw -r 8 /dev/sr0 a4 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 08 03 00
SCSI Status: Good 

Sense Information:
sense buffer empty

Received 8 bytes of data:
 00     00 06 00 00 00 00 00 04                             ........        

Eject Media

sg_raw /dev/sr0 0x1b 00 00 00 02 00

Load Media

sg_raw /dev/sr0 0x1b 00 00 00 03 00

Mode Select 10

Enable Buffer Write

• Uses PF 0x1, SP 0x0 and parameter list length 0x10
• Uses the following parameter list: 0x00 0x0e 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x2d 0x6 <buffer id> 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
• Enables writing to BD drive flash, e.g. to HRL buffer !!!

Test with sg3-utils which enables write to HRL buffer:

sg_raw /dev/sr0 55 10 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 00 00 0e 00 00 00 00 00 00 2d 06 04 00 00 00 00 00

Write Buffer

• Used e.g. by Update Manager to send BD firmware to BD drive
• Mode 0x5 (Download microcode and save) is used e.g. to write HRL to BD drive flash
• Mode 0x7 (Download microcode with offsets and save) is used e.g. to write BD firmware to BD drive flash

AACS

AACS SPU Module

• BD player on GameOS uses AacsModule.spu.isoself (/dev_flash/bdplayer) to perform AACS authentication
• Tested on OtherOS++ 3.55
• Host certificate, host private key and AACS LA public key are stored encrypted with AES-256-CTR in the SPU module and are decrypted when the SPU module is loaded or when it's accessed first. The AES-256-CTR key and IV are in the SPU module too.
• 4.76 uses new Host certificate

Communication

• BD player reads EID3 with Indi Info Manager 0x17001/0x17002 services and passes it to SPU module
• EID3 is NEVER used in the SPU module although BD player passes it to the SPU module
• Data is exchanged with the SPU module through SPU In Mbox, SPU Out Intr Mbox and a data buffer in XDR memory of size 0x2000 bytes.

Commands

• The SPU module supports max 0x78 (til 4.75, 0x57 since 4.76) commands but not all are implemented
• After a command is finished by the SPU module, it sends the status of the command to PPU through SPU Out Intr Mbox. Value 0 means success.

No full list!

Command in FW		Name	Parameters	Info
-4.75	4.76+
0x02	0x34	Read 4 Bytes from XDR Buffer		It just reads 4 bytes of data from the XDR buffer passed to the SPU module.
0x1C	0x48	Set KCD		Sends KCD (Key Conversion Data) to the SPU module. KCD is encrypted with the Bus Key which was established previously by AACS authentication.
0x34	0x23	Init AES_H		Initializes AES_H hashing function.
0x35	0x22	Calculate AES_H 1		Calculates AES_H hash of the data stored in XDR buffer.
	0x21		2x 4 Bytes	Signed CSS CheckCRL
	0x56			Get Random Seed
	0x32			Unknown
0x36	0x24	Calculate AES_H 2		Calculates AES_H hash of the data stored in XDR buffer.
0x3C	0x12	Generate Host Nonce		Generates a nonce which is returned in command 0x3D / 0x0C
0x3D	0x0C	Get Host Nonce and Certificate		The data returned by this command is of size 0x14 (Nonce) + 0x5c (Host Certificate) The data returned by this command is sent by BD player with SCSI command SEND KEY to BD drive during AACS authentication Host Certificate is easy to get from the SPU module, e.g. with aacs_module on OtherOS++ The data contains a nonce, host public key and host certificate signature.
0x3E	0x0D	Set Drive Nonce and Certificate		Stores BD drive nonce and certificate in local memory of SPU
0x3F	0x0E	Verify Drive Certificate
0x40	0x0A	Set Drive Key
0x44	0x10	Sign Host Key
0x45	0x0B	Get Host Key
0x46	0x14	Calculate Bus Key
0x47	0x1C	Set Volume ID		Sends volume id and its MAC to the SPU module
0x48	0x1D	Calculate Volume ID MAC		Calculates MAC of the passed volume id
0x49	0x15	Verify Volume ID MAC		Verifies MAC of the passed volume id
0x4A	0x1A	Set PMSN		Sends PMSN and its MAC to the SPU module
0x4B	0x1B	Calculate PMSN MAC		Calculates MAC of the passed PMSN
0x4C	0x16	Verify PMSN		Sends media id and its MAC to the SPU module
0x4D	0x18	Set Media ID		Sends media id and its MAC to the SPU module
0x4E	0x19	Calculate Media ID MAC		Calculates MAC of the passed media id
0x4F	0x17	Verify Media ID MAC		Verifies MAC of the passed media id
0x55	0x1F	Verify Host/Drive Revocation		BD player stores HRL/DRL list entries in XDR buffer and passes it to the SPU module for verification
0x72	0x25			OCRL related, Content Revocation List
0x74	0x26			OCRT related
0x75	0x27			OSIG related
0xFEFEFEFF	0xFEFEFEFF	Terminate Session		AACS SPU module runs and processes commands as long as you need After a command is complete, the SPU module waits for the next command This command terminates the current session and stops SPU module

Drive Revocation List (DRL)

• SHA1 hash is encrypted/decrypted by SYSCON services 0x9003/0x9004 (Encrypt/Decrypt)
• SHA1 hash is read with VTRM service 0x2005 (Retrieve)
• SHA1 hash is written with VTRM service 0x2003 (Store With Update)

Content Revocation List (CRL)

• SHA1 hash is encrypted/decrypted by SYSCON services 0x9003/0x9004 (Encrypt/Decrypt)
• SHA1 hash is read with VTRM service 0x2005 (Retrieve)
• SHA1 hash is written with VTRM service 0x2003 (Store With Update)

Host Revocation List (HRL)

• Stored in BD drive flash
• It can be read/written with SCSI commands READ/WRITE BUFFER. Yeah, it can be written too :D

Read HRL from BD Drive Flash

• It seems that BD drive has several HRL in its flash
• Empty HRL stored on BD drive flash can be read with SCSI command READ BUFFER by using as mode 0x2, buffer id 0x4 and allocation length 0x40
• Current HRL stored on BD drive flash can be read with SCSI command READ BUFFER by using as mode 0x2, buffer id 0x5

Empty HRL

# sg_read_buffer -m 2 -i 4 -o 0 -l $((0x40)) /dev/sr0 
 00     10 00 00 0c 00 03 10 03  00 00 00 01 21 00 00 34                    
 10     00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  1b 0b f2 6d 47 9e 77 62                    
 20     3d 91 fc 78 b1 59 c9 52  ca a4 c7 41 85 24 96 64                    
 30     8d 1d 95 8e 9b 84 c6 fa  4a dd 43 9b 42 98 fe ff  

# byte 0x21 at offset 0xc means Record Type HRL

# as you see this HRL is empty

Current HRL

# sg_read_buffer -m 2 -i 5 -o 0 -l $((0x7c)) /dev/sr0 
 00     10 00 00 0c 00 04 10 03  00 00 00 09 21 00 00 6c                    
 10     00 00 00 07 00 00 00 07  00 09 ff ff 00 00 00 0b                    
 20     00 00 ff ff 00 00 00 16  00 08 ff ff 00 00 00 21                    
 30     00 03 ff ff 00 00 00 35  00 04 ff ff 00 00 00 4e                    
 40     00 03 ff ff 00 00 00 54  00 03 ff ff 00 00 00 5e                    
 50     80 93 3a 62 f5 5a 9c 8c  62 ce 7d b8 69 5d d7 b1                    
 60     c3 0f 36 ff 96 a2 3b 32  cb cd 58 d4 12 c9 fd bf                    
 70     f5 16 a6 4a 32 ba 60 f0  5d 71 74 10 

# the current HRL is NOT empty and is from MKBv9 because the only BD movie i played on my PS3 has MKBv9

PS3 BD Player Host Certificate

$ hexdump -C aacs_auth/ps3_host_cert.bin 
00000000  02 01 00 5c ff ff 80 00  00 39 00 00 65 ea c9 87  |...\ÿÿ...9..eêÉ.|
00000010  8b 85 ef f4 d7 7a 62 b1  d6 00 02 4a ce 68 dd 33  |..ïô×zb±Ö..JÎhÝ3|
00000020  66 88 0e 4f 84 4f 34 b7  7a 05 01 35 a2 0e 73 b6  |f..O.O4·z..5¢.s¶|
00000030  26 da ea 51 57 b3 2e b8  4b c6 e8 7b 0d ee 4d 83  |&ÚêQW³.žKÆè{.îM.|
00000040  3c ea da 86 12 01 51 00  2c 3c 66 d5 25 6f 71 cf  |<êÚ...Q.,<fÕ%oqÏ|
00000050  a6 8b 7e 55 ba 1b 35 1f  34 03 43 4e              |Š.~Uº.5.4.CN|
0000005c

# Host ID is 0xffff80000039

PS3 BD Player Host Private Key

$ hexdump -C aacs_auth/ps3_host_priv_key.bin 
00000000  00 66 8c 9a 75 ee fc 8d  a4 26 19 38 e2 71 28 50  |.f..u....&.8.q(P|
00000010  61 bb 09 f0 dd                                    |a....|

AACS Processing Keys

MKB v1

glevand@bastion:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v1.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x00000001

MKB U masks and UVs: 514

=applying subset-difference=
index: 0
UV: 0x00000001
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xfffffffe

=applying device key=
index: 244
UV: 0x00000100
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xfffffe00
device key:
00000000: 81 08 27 a7 6e 5b 2c c1 68 5e 32 17 a2 3e 21 86 |..'.n[,.h^2..>!.|

processing key:
00000000: 09 f9 11 02 9d 74 e3 5b d8 41 56 c5 63 56 88 c0 |.....t.[.AV.cV..|

C value:
00000000: cb 06 90 db e6 54 55 7b 12 62 aa d7 89 f4 9d 92 |.....TU{.b......|

media key:
00000000: b4 6c 48 5e f7 51 ae 29 ef 87 bc 58 28 f3 2a 8d |.lH^.Q.)...X(.*.|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: 46 32 5b 42 48 b4 86 5a fc ef 75 25 47 b1 b5 12 |F2[BH..Z..u%G...|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef 0d ac 14 b9 ee f4 bd cc |.#Eg............|

MKB v3

glevand@bastion:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v3.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x00000003

MKB U masks and UVs: 528

=applying subset-difference=
index: 14
UV: 0x00000080
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xffffff00

=applying device key=
index: 244
UV: 0x00000100
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xfffffe00
device key:
00000000: 81 08 27 a7 6e 5b 2c c1 68 5e 32 17 a2 3e 21 86 |..'.n[,.h^2..>!.|

processing key:
00000000: 97 39 40 bb 18 0e 83 26 62 31 ee 59 6c ef 65 b2 |.9@....&b1.Yl.e.|

C value:
00000000: 0a b7 33 82 85 62 91 d1 91 4a 95 9e 36 18 c7 a1 |..3..b...J..6...|

media key:
00000000: 6e da eb d4 88 aa 38 58 74 26 35 fd fd 36 66 d5 |n.....8Xt&5..6f.|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: 99 76 96 b0 6f 49 37 9b c4 b9 2b be 73 ce 96 1a |.v..oI7...+.s...|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef fb 01 cc 85 eb e5 bf 0a |.#Eg............|

MKB v4

glevand@bastion:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v4.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x00000004

MKB U masks and UVs: 526

=applying subset-difference=
index: 12
UV: 0x00000080
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xffffff00

=applying device key=
index: 244
UV: 0x00000100
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xfffffe00
device key:
00000000: 81 08 27 a7 6e 5b 2c c1 68 5e 32 17 a2 3e 21 86 |..'.n[,.h^2..>!.|

processing key:
00000000: 97 39 40 bb 18 0e 83 26 62 31 ee 59 6c ef 65 b2 |.9@....&b1.Yl.e.|

C value:
00000000: bf 71 0c 8b 46 a0 24 d8 f0 3a a1 26 37 9d fb fc |.q..F.$..:.&7...|

media key:
00000000: ef 18 c0 dd bf 02 32 a1 2f 57 f7 65 79 2c 1c 58 |......2./W.ey,.X|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: 54 85 08 a9 6a 70 2a c9 32 e3 74 a6 55 78 6c 01 |T...jp*.2.t.Uxl.|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef da 90 cf 2a e5 b2 6c 45 |.#Eg.......*..lE|

MKB v7

glevand@bastion:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v7.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x00000007

MKB U masks and UVs: 526

=applying subset-difference=
index: 7
UV: 0x00000080
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xffffff00

=applying device key=
index: 244
UV: 0x00000100
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xfffffe00
device key:
00000000: 81 08 27 a7 6e 5b 2c c1 68 5e 32 17 a2 3e 21 86 |..'.n[,.h^2..>!.|

processing key:
00000000: 97 39 40 bb 18 0e 83 26 62 31 ee 59 6c ef 65 b2 |.9@....&b1.Yl.e.|

C value:
00000000: 21 fd c9 4b 3e 1a f3 fe 9e b4 7a e6 ef 01 75 1b |!..K>.....z...u.|

media key:
00000000: af cd e2 c8 67 12 a4 b6 a8 58 0c 15 ef 07 6e f8 |....g....X....n.|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: 4b 21 29 a5 0f db 96 bc bc 01 04 71 42 79 00 e5 |K!)........qBy..|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef 4e f9 d2 05 6e 19 c1 79 |.#Eg....N...n..y|

MKB v8

glevand@debian-hdd:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v8.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x00000008

MKB U masks and UVs: 523

=applying subset-difference=
index: 4
UV: 0x00000080
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xffffff00

=applying device key=
index: 244
UV: 0x00000100
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xfffffe00
device key:
00000000: 81 08 27 a7 6e 5b 2c c1 68 5e 32 17 a2 3e 21 86 |..'.n[,.h^2..>!.|

processing key:
00000000: 97 39 40 bb 18 0e 83 26 62 31 ee 59 6c ef 65 b2 |.9@....&b1.Yl.e.|

C value:
00000000: 73 2d 10 bd f8 b4 87 e2 86 a6 d5 3a 6d db 69 15 |s-.........:m.i.|

media key:
00000000: dd 46 d4 0d 26 54 5a ce 6c 59 0c 65 b7 2b 3a 9f |.F..&TZ.lY.e.+:.|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: c6 f6 f9 54 ce 90 e0 5e 2b 3b e4 1e 24 92 90 b2 |...T...^+;..$...|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef 97 e6 61 8b d1 69 3e a0 |.#Eg......a..i>.|

MKB v9

glevand@bastion:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v9.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x00000009

MKB U masks and UVs: 520

=applying subset-difference=
index: 2
UV: 0x00000080
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xffffff00

=applying device key=
index: 244
UV: 0x00000100
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xfffffe00
device key:
00000000: 81 08 27 a7 6e 5b 2c c1 68 5e 32 17 a2 3e 21 86 |..'.n[,.h^2..>!.|

processing key:
00000000: 97 39 40 bb 18 0e 83 26 62 31 ee 59 6c ef 65 b2 |.9@....&b1.Yl.e.|

C value:
00000000: a4 5a c6 87 43 49 70 bb bf 0c 22 52 83 9e 2a f6 |.Z..CIp..."R..*.|

media key:
00000000: 37 02 bd fc 96 dc a2 18 2e 55 b0 79 6d ad 36 6b |7........U.ym.6k|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: 4d 5b 7b 9c 5d ee 55 a6 94 de e1 db 8d 08 c7 a2 |M[{.].U.........|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef cd 1d a8 8a 42 5a 10 43 |.#Eg........BZ.C|

MKB v10

glevand@bastion:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v10.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x0000000a

MKB U masks and UVs: 522

=applying subset-difference=
index: 3
UV: 0x00000080
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xffffff00

=applying device key=
index: 244
UV: 0x00000100
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xfffffe00
device key:
00000000: 81 08 27 a7 6e 5b 2c c1 68 5e 32 17 a2 3e 21 86 |..'.n[,.h^2..>!.|

processing key:
00000000: 97 39 40 bb 18 0e 83 26 62 31 ee 59 6c ef 65 b2 |.9@....&b1.Yl.e.|

C value:
00000000: d4 77 dd 1a 8a 5c 6d d1 dd 31 2d af f7 d3 14 fa |.w...\m..1-.....|

media key:
00000000: 38 32 2b 3c 61 b0 35 b4 52 89 84 59 f4 7a 76 e6 |82+<a.5.R..Y.zv.|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: 3f d3 d5 fb 42 37 d9 05 b8 db 6b 03 a0 fe 2e 48 |?...B7....k....H|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef 65 b1 87 8c eb 0d 60 0f |.#Eg....e.....`.|

MKB v12

glevand@bastion:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v12.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x0000000c

MKB U masks and UVs: 522

=applying subset-difference=
index: 3
UV: 0x00000080
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xffffff00

=applying device key=
index: 244
UV: 0x00000100
U mask: 0xff800000
V mask: 0xfffffe00
device key:
00000000: 81 08 27 a7 6e 5b 2c c1 68 5e 32 17 a2 3e 21 86 |..'.n[,.h^2..>!.|

processing key:
00000000: 97 39 40 bb 18 0e 83 26 62 31 ee 59 6c ef 65 b2 |.9@....&b1.Yl.e.|

C value:
00000000: 89 75 89 e6 6f 4a de 95 11 32 57 6a cb 99 dd 69 |.u..oJ...2Wj...i|

media key:
00000000: 4b dd 69 9d 32 98 d7 b0 ad 32 71 6b 3d 9c e3 c2 |K.i.2....2qk=...|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: 8d 43 fd f2 15 fa 58 78 64 db 25 46 62 ab 02 30 |.C....Xxd.%Fb..0|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef e6 1c bf 98 45 82 64 d9 |.#Eg........E.d.|

MKB v14

glevand@bastion:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v14.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x0000000e

MKB U masks and UVs: 526

=applying subset-difference=
index: 6
UV: 0x00000248
U mask: 0xfffffe00
V mask: 0xfffffff0

=applying device key=
index: 28
UV: 0x00000280
U mask: 0xfffffe00
V mask: 0xffffff00
device key:
00000000: 44 14 5a 84 6f 19 d0 96 f2 c8 4a 2e 50 c5 c4 f5 |D.Z.o.....J.P...|

processing key:
00000000: 58 eb da df 88 dc c9 33 04 cb be db 9e e0 95 f6 |X......3........|

C value:
00000000: 8c 7e 31 e8 15 17 7e c3 2c 67 b7 cc 87 e9 39 c3 |.~1...~.,g....9.|

media key:
00000000: 4b b1 31 d1 6e 0e 86 45 89 07 a2 68 91 c4 e5 38 |K.1.n..E...h...8|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: 20 03 8c 70 7d ab d0 6f ba 86 39 f0 31 26 86 5f | ..p}..o..9.1&._|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef 27 9f e5 35 0b df 3d a5 |.#Eg....'..5..=.|

MKB v15

glevand@bastion:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v15.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x0000000f

MKB U masks and UVs: 527

=applying subset-difference=
index: 6
UV: 0x00000248
U mask: 0xfffffe00
V mask: 0xfffffff0

=applying device key=
index: 28
UV: 0x00000280
U mask: 0xfffffe00
V mask: 0xffffff00
device key:
00000000: 44 14 5a 84 6f 19 d0 96 f2 c8 4a 2e 50 c5 c4 f5 |D.Z.o.....J.P...|

processing key:
00000000: 58 eb da df 88 dc c9 33 04 cb be db 9e e0 95 f6 |X......3........|

C value:
00000000: 75 da 59 cf 0d c2 c0 95 86 fc 6b 8e 2e e9 cc 85 |u.Y.......k.....|

media key:
00000000: 28 46 25 38 3d cc 4f 1f 90 be 7d f7 8a ba 7b fd |(F%8=.O...}...{.|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: 8d d2 69 e0 b7 6a 44 53 03 ad ef 58 44 fc a7 d7 |..i..jDS...XD...|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef ff 6a 7d c3 17 bb 19 11 |.#Eg.....j}.....|

MKB v16

glevand@bastion:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v16.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x00000010

MKB U masks and UVs: 531

=applying subset-difference=
index: 5
UV: 0x00000248
U mask: 0xfffffe00
V mask: 0xfffffff0

=applying device key=
index: 28
UV: 0x00000280
U mask: 0xfffffe00
V mask: 0xffffff00
device key:
00000000: 44 14 5a 84 6f 19 d0 96 f2 c8 4a 2e 50 c5 c4 f5 |D.Z.o.....J.P...|

processing key:
00000000: 58 eb da df 88 dc c9 33 04 cb be db 9e e0 95 f6 |X......3........|

C value:
00000000: f8 49 9b d1 32 f9 6e 8d 33 98 35 a8 54 80 d9 fe |.I..2.n.3.5.T...|

media key:
00000000: 3a bf bf d7 7e b8 01 43 a9 3c 15 3f ba 47 8c e1 |:...~..C.<.?.G..|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: 8a 67 86 b6 9d 0d 22 dd 5d c2 88 1f 08 f3 ab b4 |.g....".].......|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef d6 32 1f 17 c4 2f e2 4a |.#Eg.....2.../.J|

MKB v17

glevand@bastion:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v17.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x00000011

MKB U masks and UVs: 540

=applying subset-difference=
index: 14
UV: 0x00000308
U mask: 0xffffff00
V mask: 0xfffffff0

=applying device key=
index: 21
UV: 0x00000340
U mask: 0xffffff00
V mask: 0xffffff80
device key:
00000000: eb 55 a4 75 08 0f bc f1 85 34 ef a0 83 9a 73 73 |.U.u.....4....ss|

processing key:
00000000: 46 5f a8 be 82 85 09 01 4d 05 d2 fc ce ff 35 d2 |F_......M.....5.|

C value:
00000000: 01 f7 54 0b 34 e8 c1 ce 63 8d ea fa bc ce 6e 7b |..T.4...c.....n{|

media key:
00000000: ef 63 4e a8 ca 06 d1 6a c7 21 65 1b 18 b3 04 c6 |.cN....j.!e.....|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: d3 b9 d4 9c b6 94 47 d5 3d cc 42 fe 3e 47 40 04 |......G.=.B.>G@.|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef f6 b4 c8 6a b7 b8 39 fc |.#Eg.......j..9.|

MKB v18

glevand@bastion:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v18.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x00000012

MKB U masks and UVs: 543

=applying subset-difference=
index: 17
UV: 0x00000320
U mask: 0xffffff00
V mask: 0xffffffc0

=applying device key=
index: 21
UV: 0x00000340
U mask: 0xffffff00
V mask: 0xffffff80
device key:
00000000: eb 55 a4 75 08 0f bc f1 85 34 ef a0 83 9a 73 73 |.U.u.....4....ss|

processing key:
00000000: ad 5e 54 6c 46 d7 2d c0 83 ae b5 68 69 24 e1 b3 |.^TlF.-....hi$..|

C value:
00000000: 7a 8f 03 41 27 c4 86 58 05 37 3a 90 de f8 de 26 |z..A'..X.7:....&|

media key:
00000000: e3 ed cd b4 59 b4 12 d4 ae f9 4d 8e 78 7a cd 7d |....Y.....M.xz.}|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: ea 45 fa 35 65 70 56 6f 6a 86 65 ad 52 e7 71 a4 |.E.5epVoj.e.R.q.|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef bd 36 f9 ce 60 54 80 3c |.#Eg.....6..`T.<|

MKB v19

glevand@bastion:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v19.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x00000013

MKB U masks and UVs: 544

=applying subset-difference=
index: 17
UV: 0x00000320
U mask: 0xffffff00
V mask: 0xffffffc0

=applying device key=
index: 21
UV: 0x00000340
U mask: 0xffffff00
V mask: 0xffffff80
device key:
00000000: eb 55 a4 75 08 0f bc f1 85 34 ef a0 83 9a 73 73 |.U.u.....4....ss|

processing key:
00000000: ad 5e 54 6c 46 d7 2d c0 83 ae b5 68 69 24 e1 b3 |.^TlF.-....hi$..|

C value:
00000000: b9 0b 55 d1 18 3c cc 80 20 1c 9f 26 c3 58 27 18 |..U..<.. ..&.X'.|

media key:
00000000: 75 a9 79 9c 67 50 13 89 98 62 34 5b eb 54 34 dd |u.y.gP...b4[.T4.|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: c4 f0 ce 75 1b 12 b9 f0 22 2f 31 70 66 a9 6a b8 |...u...."/1pf.j.|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef 66 5c 65 d3 c4 4c c7 b0 |.#Eg....f\e..L..|

MKB v20

glevand@debian-hdd:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v20.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x00000014

MKB U masks and UVs: 544

=applying subset-difference=
index: 19
UV: 0x00000384
U mask: 0xffffff80
V mask: 0xfffffff8

=applying device key=
index: 18
UV: 0x00000384
U mask: 0xffffff80
V mask: 0xfffffff8
device key:
00000000: fb 4a c3 90 09 e8 21 13 d4 5e cf 4b 7e ae a4 67 |.J....!..^.K~..g|

processing key:
00000000: 53 fc e7 8e cd 35 2d a5 0d 52 6b 5e e3 d3 d9 6b |S....5-..Rk^...k|

C value:
00000000: 10 9f f1 69 36 07 7d 7e ad 8f d2 1a 28 c5 09 ed |...i6.}~....(...|

media key:
00000000: dc 9f 08 f7 cb 1b f8 c4 cf 96 4e 96 df 23 56 58 |..........N..#VX|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: 18 ca f5 51 8f 36 ef 2f 7a 49 78 ff 54 40 a5 f1 |...Q.6./zIx.T@..|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef c5 5d 11 08 c3 26 db 48 |.#Eg.....]...&.H|

MKB v21

glevand@bastion:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v21.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x00000015

MKB U masks and UVs: 552

=applying subset-difference=
index: 19
UV: 0x00000384
U mask: 0xffffff80
V mask: 0xfffffff8

=applying device key=
index: 18
UV: 0x00000384
U mask: 0xffffff80
V mask: 0xfffffff8
device key:
00000000: fb 4a c3 90 09 e8 21 13 d4 5e cf 4b 7e ae a4 67 |.J....!..^.K~..g|

processing key:
00000000: 53 fc e7 8e cd 35 2d a5 0d 52 6b 5e e3 d3 d9 6b |S....5-..Rk^...k|

C value:
00000000: c0 0c fa bf f0 fe f2 32 77 19 db c4 d8 f8 60 c9 |.......2w.....`.|

media key:
00000000: 55 83 aa 69 ff 52 16 83 c2 93 b3 48 03 2a 57 38 |U..i.R.....H.*W8|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: 12 5b f2 75 c8 f8 05 6b 4f 31 a5 ea 4a 12 9f a9 |.[.u...kO1..J...|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef dc 46 45 b4 79 8d 4f 68 |.#Eg.....FE.y.Oh|

MKB v23

glevand@debian-hdd:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v23.inf 

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x00000017

MKB U masks and UVs: 556

=applying subset-difference=
index: 17
UV: 0x00000384
U mask: 0xffffffe0
V mask: 0xfffffff8

=applying device key=
index: 7
UV: 0x00000384
U mask: 0xffffffe0
V mask: 0xfffffff8
device key:
00000000: 8b f4 fb d9 1a 7f b7 db 85 76 d1 e5 a1 5a 85 44 |.........v...Z.D|

processing key:
00000000: c3 22 38 97 6f f4 4a 51 e2 d3 35 53 cf e8 57 72 |."8.o.JQ..5S..Wr|

C value:
00000000: f0 81 d4 93 aa b5 01 1a a7 ff 8e 18 8a 48 8a 2d |.............H.-|

media key:
00000000: 02 04 59 d0 7c b5 54 94 bf 46 9b 98 91 1e 43 1f |..Y.|.T..F....C.|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: 24 a1 27 f9 30 70 25 67 07 2f 2a d4 13 89 0d aa |$.'.0p%g./*.....|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef 21 00 20 84 c4 5f 36 78 |.#Eg....!. .._6x|

MKB v25

glevand@bastion:~/aacs_proc_key$ ./aacs_proc_key -n 0x389 -k ps3_device_keys -u ps3_device_key_u_masks_uvs mkbs/MKB_RW_v25.inf

=MKB=
type:
0x00031003
version:
0x00000019

MKB U masks and UVs: 564

=applying subset-difference=
index: 13
UV: 0x00000384
U mask: 0xffffffe0
V mask: 0xfffffff8

=applying device key=
index: 7
UV: 0x00000384
U mask: 0xffffffe0
V mask: 0xfffffff8
device key:
00000000: 8b f4 fb d9 1a 7f b7 db 85 76 d1 e5 a1 5a 85 44 |.........v...Z.D|

processing key:
00000000: c3 22 38 97 6f f4 4a 51 e2 d3 35 53 cf e8 57 72 |."8.o.JQ..5S..Wr|

C value:
00000000: 19 62 23 7d 81 01 c2 55 2f 36 20 1b 3e 69 40 10 |.b#}...U/6 .>i@.|

media key:
00000000: 70 b5 9f 35 86 5d 18 73 bb 80 c3 2b f7 41 f6 14 |p..5.].s...+.A..|

=MKB verify media key data=
encrypted:
00000000: 89 be 1e 1e b1 93 4c f2 2d ac c3 ce ed 10 07 f0 |......L.-.......|
decrypted:
00000000: 01 23 45 67 89 ab cd ef 3f 5d 87 7a 88 09 db c4 |.#Eg....?].z....|

Documentation

• SCSI Specification: [18]
• AACS Specification Common: [19]
• AACS Specification Pre-recorded Video Book [20]
• AACS Tutorial: [21]
• AACS Overview: [22]

CSS

CSS SPU Module

• DVD player on GameOS uses CssModule.spu.isoself (/dev_flash/bdplayer) to perform CSS authentication

Commands

• The SPU module supports max 0x25 commands but not all are implemented
• After a command is finished by the SPU module, it sends the status of the command to PPU through SPU Out Intr Mbox. Value 0 means success.

Generate Host Challenge Key (0x3)

• Generates 0x10 bytes of host challenge key

Set Drive Key1 (0x4)

• Sends key1 of size 0x5 returned by DVD drive to the SPU module

Set Drive Challenge Key (0x5)

• Sends 0x10 bytes of drive challenge key to the SPU module

Calculate Host Key2 (0x6)

• Calculates key2 of size 0x5

Get Host Key2 (0x7)

• Returns key2 of size 0x5

Set Disc Key (0x8)

• Sends Disc Key block of size 0x800 to the SPU module

Decrypt Sector (0xc)

• Decrypts the passed sector

CSS Salt

• It's NOT in clear text in the SPU module, it's obfuscated by xoring 0xDEAF (SONY employees have a sense of humor).
• There are 2 bytes for every salt byte

Obfuscated:

71 ED 3F A3 DA FE E4 94  40 8C

Clear text:

F4  10  45  A3  E2

PS3 DVD Player Key Index

0x69

Documentation

• The Content Scrambling System (CSS): [23]

• Cryptanalysis of Contents Scrambling System: [24]

• Cryptography in Home Entertainment: [25]

• Patching DVD Firmware: [26]

CPRM

Commands

• The SPU module supports 0x13 commands.

Documentation

• Cryptomeria C2 Specification: [27]

• Cryptoanalysis of C2: [28]

Remarrying BD Drive on OtherOS++

fdm_spu_module.self

• This SPU module can create either P- or S-Block which are sent to BD drive
• EID2 is passed to the SPU module
• A XDR memory buffer of size 0x1000 is passed to the SPU module
• 4 bytes at offset 0x10 of the XDR memory buffer contain the type of block which should be produced by the SPU module
• When the SPU module is finished, the XDR memory buffer contains the needed block
• After the S- and P-Blocks are produced by the SPU module, they are decrypted again but with DES (CBC mode, key length is 64 bits, initialization vector length is 64 bits) before they are sent to BD drive. S$ny cuts the header and the footer of 16 bytes each from final P- and S-blocks before sending them to drive.

Block types

Type	Description	BD Drive Buffer ID
0x1	P-Block	0x2
0x2	S-Block	0x3

Remarrying

Preparations

• You will need ps3dm-utils and sg3-utils
• Dump your EID2 from flash or with ps3dm-utils
• First create P- and S-Blocks from your EID2 with kernel module fdm_spu_module

P-Block

Decrypted P-Block (and EID4) contains region settings (see below)

In decrypted P-Block(bytes 0x30 and 0x32) and in EID4(first byte) these bytes match Product Code:

Hex	bitflag	Product Code	Console Type	Remarks
0xFF	11111111	0x80	NOT IN USE	No BD playback on that Product Code
0xFF	11111111	0x81	TOOL  Reference Tool or  SD  System Debugger / DECR	No BD playback on that Product Code
0xFF	11111111	0x82	DEX   AV TEST   DTCP-IP  Debug / AV Tool / DTCP-IP Debugger / DECH / DECHS	No BD playback on that Product Code
0x01	00000001	0x83	CEX  Retail or  SHOP  Kiosk - Japan / CECH	bit 0 (Region 0: Japan?)
0x02	00000010	0x84	CEX  Retail or  SHOP  Kiosk - USA / CECH	bit 1 (Region 1: USA & Canada, Bermuda, and US Territories)
0x04	00000100	0x85	CEX  Retail or  SHOP  Kiosk - Europe / CECH	bit 2 (Region 2: Europe (with the exceptions of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus), South Africa, Swaziland, Middle East, Egypt, Lesotho, and Greenland)
0x10	00010000	0x86	CEX  Retail or  SHOP  Kiosk - Korea / CECH	bit 4 (Region 3: Southeastern Asia)
0x04	00000100	0x87	CEX  Retail or  SHOP  Kiosk - United Kingdom / CECH	bit 2 (Region 2: Europe (with the exceptions of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus), South Africa, Swaziland, Middle East, Egypt, Lesotho, and Greenland)
0x08	00001000	0x88	CEX  Retail or  SHOP  Kiosk - Mexico / CECH	bit 3 (Region 4: Latin America and Australia)
0x08	00001000	0x89	CEX  Retail or  SHOP  Kiosk - Australia & New Zealand / CECH	bit 3 (Region 4: Latin America and Australia)
0x20	00100000	0x8A	CEX  Retail or  SHOP  Kiosk - South Asia / CECH	bit 5 (Region 5: Russia, Asia (non-southeast), and Africa)
0x10	00010000	0x8B	CEX  Retail or  SHOP  Kiosk - Taiwan / CECH	bit 4 (Region 3: Southeastern Asia)
0x20	00100000	0x8C	CEX  Retail or  SHOP  Kiosk - Russia / CECH	bit 5 (Region 5: Russia, Asia (non-southeast), and Africa)
0x40	01000000	0x8D	CEX  Retail or  SHOP  Kiosk - China / CECH	bit 6? (Region 6: China)
0x10	00010000	0x8E	CEX  Retail or  SHOP  Kiosk - Hong Kong / CECH	bit 4 (Region 3: Southeastern Asia)
0x08	00001000	0x8F	CEX  Retail or  SHOP  Kiosk - Brazil / CECH	bit 3 (Region 4: Latin America and Australia)
0xFF	11111111	0xA0	ARC  Arcade / GECR	No BD playback on that Product Code

VTRM

Crossreference: gitbrew.org::HV#VTRM

VTRM Services

Store With Update (0x2003)

• Used by GameOS BD player to update DRL/CRL hashes

Retrieve (0x2005)

• Product mode is NOT required
• 0x40 bytes of data are read from NOR flash, decrypted by SYSCON and returned to the caller
• Used e.g. by GameOS BD player to read SHA1 hashes of DRL and CRL

DRL and CRL Hashes

• Written by GameOS BD player during DRL/CRL update
• Read by GameOS BD player
• Hashes are stored encrypted on NOR flash
• Encryption/decryption is done by SYSCON (SYSCON Manager)

Test with ps3dm-utils:

# mount dev_flash3

glevand@debian-hdd:~/ps3dm-utils$ sudo mount /dev/ps3vflashe /mnt

# DRL SHA1 hash

glevand@debian-hdd:~/ps3dm-utils$ sha1sum /mnt/data-revoke/drl/DRL1
8f0652bc6162a240362f90f1b2e5405bb82ee502  /mnt/data-revoke/drl/DRL1

# CRL SHA1 hash

glevand@debian-hdd:~/ps3dm-utils$ sha1sum /mnt/data-revoke/crl/CRL1 
96791f41f9a76f4d895dd5820db108ec03d19250  /mnt/data-revoke/crl/CRL1

# Retrieve DRL and CRL SHA1 hashes from VTRM
# DRL hash is first and then follows CRL hash

glevand@debian-hdd:~/ps3dm-utils$ sudo ./ps3dm_vtrm -l 0x0 -p 0x1070000034000001 /dev/ps3dmproxy retrieve 0
0x8f 0x06 0x52 0xbc 0x61 0x62 0xa2 0x40 0x36 0x2f 0x90 0xf1 0xb2 0xe5 0x40 0x5b 0xb8 0x2e 0xe5 0x02
0x96 0x79 0x1f 0x41 0xf9 0xa7 0x6f 0x4d 0x89 0x5d 0xd5 0x82 0x0d 0xb1 0x08 0xec 0x03 0xd1 0x92 0x50
0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00

Backup Flash (0x2012)

• Requires enabled product mode or else service returns always error 0x5
• Reads and returns data from NOR flash beginning at NOR flash offset 0xec0000

Test with ps3dm-utils:

# enable product mode

# ps3dm_um /dev/ps3dmproxy write_eprom 0x48c07 0x0
/dev/ps3dmproxy: SS retval 0

# ps3dm_vtrm /dev/ps3dmproxy  backup_flash 0 0x200 | hexdump -C
00000000  53 43 45 49 ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |SCEIÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ|
00000010  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ|
*
00000200

# dd if=/dev/ps3nflasha bs=1 count=$((0x100)) skip=$((0xec0000)) | hexdump -C
00000000  53 43 45 49 ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |SCEIÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ|
00000010  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ|
*

Flash Address Size (0x2016)

• Requires enabled product mode or else service returns always error 0x5
• Returns 2 64bit values: offset and size of NOR flash region

Test with ps3dm-utils:

# ps3dm_um /dev/ps3dmproxy read_eprom 0x48c07
0xff

# ps3dm_vtrm /dev/ps3dmproxy  flash_addr_size
/dev/ps3dmproxy: SS retval 5

# enable product mode

# ps3dm_um /dev/ps3dmproxy write_eprom 0x48c07 0x0
/dev/ps3dmproxy: SS retval 0

# ps3dm_um /dev/ps3dmproxy read_eprom 0x48c07
0x00

# ps3dm_vtrm /dev/ps3dmproxy  flash_addr_size
0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000040000

Revoke List

Crossreference: gitbrew::Revoke List

LPAR 1 System Call 0x1004A

• Installs new revoke list in LV1
• LPAR 1 processes can use this syscall to install new revoke lists at runtime
• lv2ldr is loaded by LV1 and used to verify the passed revoke list
• After lv2ldr is done verifying the passed revoke list, it checks for stop code and if it's 0xB then LV1 replaces the old revoke list with the new one
• If the verification of the revoke list was successfull then LV1 installs new revoke list and replaces the old one in the ISO loader table at address 0x10100

rvk_list_verifier

• Stop code 0xB means that the passed revoke list is valid.

root@debian-hdd:/home/glevand/rvk_list_verifier# cat /proc/rvk_list_verifier/debug 
PPE id (0x0000000000000001) VAS id (0x0000000000000002)
lv1_construct_logical_spe (0x00000000)
SPE id (0x0000000000000033)
lv1_enable_logical_spe (0x00000000)
lv1_set_spe_interrupt_mask(0) (0x00000000)
lv1_set_spe_interrupt_mask(1) (0x00000000)
lv1_set_spe_interrupt_mask(2) (0x00000000)
lv1_set_spe_privilege_state_area_1_register (0x00000000)
ea (0xc000000003f40000) esid (0xc000000008000000) vsid (0x0000408f92c94500)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(0) (0x00000000)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(1) (0x00000000)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(2) (0x00000000)
sleep
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(0) (0x00000000)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(1) (0x00000000)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(2) (0x00000000)
out interrupt mbox (0x0000000000000001)
lv1_clear_spe_interrupt_status(2) (0x00000000)
transferring ldr args to LS
waiting until MFC transfers are finished
MFC transfers done
out mbox (0x00000001)
sleep
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(0) (0x00000000)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(1) (0x00000000)
lv1_get_spe_interrupt_status(2) (0x00000000)
problem status (0x000b0082)
lv1_destruct_logical_spe (0x00000000)