Cell Programming IBM: Difference between revisions

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Currently there are two programming frameworks to use (we don't intend to talk about © Sony SDK nor about the free community driven [http://psl1ght.net psl1ght] on this page). The Cell SDK is the most full featured and "supported" but is architecture specific, whereas the OpenCL should allow code portability to other accelerators (like GP-GPU's) however is from IBM alphaworks so should be considered beta.
Currently there are two programming frameworks to use (we don't intend to talk about © Sony SDK nor about the free community driven [http://psl1ght.net psl1ght] on this page). The Cell SDK is the most full featured and "supported" but is architecture specific, whereas the OpenCL should allow code portability to other accelerators (like GP-GPU's) however is from IBM alphaworks so should be considered beta.
* .! POSTED 06-2018 UNTESTED INTACT, Cell SDK some or most MARS packages, INTACT IBM C.BE MARS ps3.tar .gz POSTED 06-2018 http://mega.nz/#!TnR2QAiK!4nMgCZwRjCPe-JQUtehsurvo96DiUpt6EaXw5HCtDVc


====[http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/sdk/ Cell SDK 3.0]====
====[http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/sdk/ Cell SDK 3.0]====
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* additional stuff : [http://www.bsc.es/projects/deepcomputing/linuxoncell/cellsimulator/sdk3.1/ SDK3.1 @ BSC.es]
* additional stuff : [http://www.bsc.es/projects/deepcomputing/linuxoncell/cellsimulator/sdk3.1/ SDK3.1 @ BSC.es]


* [http://pastie.org/2049824 Installation Quick Guide pastie]
* [http://pastie.org/2049824 Installation Quick Guide pastie]
 
==== Cell SystemSim====
note: The IBM Full-System Simulator has been removed from the SDK package, and is now available separately. To obtain the Simulator, download it from the following alphaWorks Web site: http://www.alphaworks.ibm.com/tech/cellsystemsim
note: The IBM Full-System Simulator has been removed from the SDK package, and is now available separately. To obtain the Simulator, download it from the following alphaWorks Web site: http://www.alphaworks.ibm.com/tech/cellsystemsim [http://www.mediafire.com/download/qsjn39g0qzl2mqn/IBM_Full-System_Simulator_for_the_CBE_Processor.zip working latest mirror]


* [https://www6.software.ibm.com/sdfdl/1v2/regs2/awadmin/cellsystemsim/Xa.2/Xb.NmSvtPC_5QwUGRcdaGxveLCmuyiH29ecLHEFCxGClA/Xc.cellsystemsim/systemsim-cell-3.1-25.f9.i386.rpm/Xd./Xf.LPr.U1ay/Xg.6000350/Xi.AW-0LO/XY.regsrvs/XZ.XHvsOj0D18W4tRLc5ne-iP71yGU/systemsim-cell-3.1-25.f9.i386.rpm systemsim-cell-3.1-25.f9.i386.rpm] / mirror: [http://www.multiupload.com/JPZN9184C7 systemsim-cell-3.1-25.f9.i386.rpm (5.16 MB)]
* [https://www6.software.ibm.com/sdfdl/1v2/regs2/awadmin/cellsystemsim/Xa.2/Xb.NmSvtPC_5QwUGRcdaGxveLCmuyiH29ecLHEFCxGClA/Xc.cellsystemsim/systemsim-cell-3.1-25.f9.i386.rpm/Xd./Xf.LPr.U1ay/Xg.6000350/Xi.AW-0LO/XY.regsrvs/XZ.XHvsOj0D18W4tRLc5ne-iP71yGU/systemsim-cell-3.1-25.f9.i386.rpm systemsim-cell-3.1-25.f9.i386.rpm] / mirror: [http://www.multiupload.com/JPZN9184C7 systemsim-cell-3.1-25.f9.i386.rpm (5.16 MB)]
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* [https://www6.software.ibm.com/sdfdl/1v2/regs2/awadmin/cellsystemsim/Xa.2/Xb.NmSvtPC_5QwUGRcdaGxveLCmuyiH29ecLHEFCxQWFQ/Xc.cellsystemsim/README.txt/Xd./Xf.LPr.U1ay/Xg.6000350/Xi.AW-0LO/XY.regsrvs/XZ.TIaenry1jz4yXA5H84wqTkpiE2o/README.txt README.txt] / mirror: [http://www.multiupload.com/SDEOR7F55S README.txt (5.55 KB)]
* [https://www6.software.ibm.com/sdfdl/1v2/regs2/awadmin/cellsystemsim/Xa.2/Xb.NmSvtPC_5QwUGRcdaGxveLCmuyiH29ecLHEFCxQWFQ/Xc.cellsystemsim/README.txt/Xd./Xf.LPr.U1ay/Xg.6000350/Xi.AW-0LO/XY.regsrvs/XZ.TIaenry1jz4yXA5H84wqTkpiE2o/README.txt README.txt] / mirror: [http://www.multiupload.com/SDEOR7F55S README.txt (5.55 KB)]
* [https://archive.org/details/ibm-full-system-simulator-for-the-cbe-processor IBM Full System Simulator For The CBE Processor, version 3.1 (234.2 MB)]


===Compilers===
===Compilers===
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** Programming:[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CBE_Programmers_Guide_v3.1.pdf CBE Programmers Guide],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CBE_Handbook_v1.1_24APR2007_pub.pdf CBE Handbook],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CBE_Programming_Tutorial_v3.1.pdf CBE Programming Tutorial],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CellBE_PXCell_Handbook_v1.11_12May08_pub.pdf CBE PXCell Handbook],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/Performance_Tools_Reference_v3.1.pdf Performance Tools Reference],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/IDE_Users_Guide_v3.1.pdf IDE Users Guide]
** Programming:[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CBE_Programmers_Guide_v3.1.pdf CBE Programmers Guide],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CBE_Handbook_v1.1_24APR2007_pub.pdf CBE Handbook],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CBE_Programming_Tutorial_v3.1.pdf CBE Programming Tutorial],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CellBE_PXCell_Handbook_v1.11_12May08_pub.pdf CBE PXCell Handbook],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/Performance_Tools_Reference_v3.1.pdf Performance Tools Reference],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/IDE_Users_Guide_v3.1.pdf IDE Users Guide]
** Libraries:[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/3D_FFT_Prog_Guide_and_API_Reference.pdf 3D FFT],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/libFFT_Prog_Guide_API_v3.1.pdf libFFT],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/ALF_Prog_Guide_API_v3.1.pdf ALF],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/BLAS_Prog_Guide_API_v3.1.pdf BLAS],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CBE_SIMDmath_API_v3.1.pdf SIMD Math API],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/DaCS_Prog_Guide_API_v3.1.pdf DaCS],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/LAPACK_Prog_Guide_API_v3.1.pdf LAPACK],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/Monte_Carlo_Prog_Guide_API_v3.1.pdf Monte Carlo],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SDK_Example_Library_API_v3.1.pdf SDK Library Examples],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SPE_Runtime_Management_API_v2.3.pdf SPE Runtime Management], [http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SPE_Runtime_Management_Migration_v3.1.pdf SPE Runtime Migration],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SPU_Runtime_Library_Extensions_v3.1.pdf SPE Runtime Library Ext.]
** Libraries:[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/3D_FFT_Prog_Guide_and_API_Reference.pdf 3D FFT],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/libFFT_Prog_Guide_API_v3.1.pdf libFFT],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/ALF_Prog_Guide_API_v3.1.pdf ALF],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/BLAS_Prog_Guide_API_v3.1.pdf BLAS],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CBE_SIMDmath_API_v3.1.pdf SIMD Math API],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/DaCS_Prog_Guide_API_v3.1.pdf DaCS],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/LAPACK_Prog_Guide_API_v3.1.pdf LAPACK],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/Monte_Carlo_Prog_Guide_API_v3.1.pdf Monte Carlo],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SDK_Example_Library_API_v3.1.pdf SDK Library Examples],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SPE_Runtime_Management_API_v2.3.pdf SPE Runtime Management], [http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SPE_Runtime_Management_Migration_v3.1.pdf SPE Runtime Migration],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SPU_Runtime_Library_Extensions_v3.1.pdf SPE Runtime Library Ext.]
** Architecure: [http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CBEA_v1.01_3Oct2006.pdf CBEA],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CBE_Public_Registers.v1_5.02APR2007.pdf CBEA Public Registers],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/PPC_Vers202_Book1_public.pdf PPC Book 1],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/PPC_Vers202_Book2_public.pdf PPC Book 2],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/PPC_Vers202_Book3_public.pdf PPC Book 3],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SPU_ISA_v1.2_27Jan2007_pub.pdf SPU ISA]
** Architecture: [http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CBEA_v1.01_3Oct2006.pdf CBEA],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CBE_Public_Registers.v1_5.02APR2007.pdf CBEA Public Registers],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/PPC_Vers202_Book1_public.pdf PPC Book 1],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/PPC_Vers202_Book2_public.pdf PPC Book 2],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/PPC_Vers202_Book3_public.pdf PPC Book 3],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SPU_ISA_v1.2_27Jan2007_pub.pdf SPU ISA]
** Standards:[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CBE_LINUX_ABI_1.2.pdf CBE Linux ABI],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/Language_Extensions_for_CBEA_2.6.pdf Language Extentsions],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SIMD_Library_Specification_for_CBEA_1.2.pdf SIMD Library Specification],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SPU_ABI-Specification_1.9.pdf SPU ABI Specification],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SPU_Assembly_Language_Specification_1.7.pdf SPU Assembly Language Specification]
** Standards:[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/CBE_LINUX_ABI_1.2.pdf CBE Linux ABI],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/Language_Extensions_for_CBEA_2.6.pdf Language Extentsions],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SIMD_Library_Specification_for_CBEA_1.2.pdf SIMD Library Specification],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SPU_ABI-Specification_1.9.pdf SPU ABI Specification],[http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SPU_Assembly_Language_Specification_1.7.pdf SPU Assembly Language Specification]
** Installation: [http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SDK-Installation_Guide_v3.1.pdf Installation Guide]
** Installation: [http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/SDK-Installation_Guide_v3.1.pdf Installation Guide]
 
* [http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redbooks/pdfs/sg247575.pdf Programming the CellBE Architecture - Examples and Best Practices]
* Cell OpenCL
* Cell OpenCL
** [http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/OpenCL_Guide.pdf OpenCL Guide],
** [http://support.scinet.utoronto.ca/Manuals/Cell/OpenCL_Guide.pdf OpenCL Guide],


== Further Info ==


== Further Info ==
Even more docs http://moss.csc.ncsu.edu/~mueller/cluster/ps3/
Even more docs http://moss.csc.ncsu.edu/~mueller/cluster/ps3/


 
Project OpenCLit - Cluster Computing with the PS3 : http://portal.gitbrew.org/wikibrew/PS3:OpenCLit


== Tutorials ==
== Tutorials ==
*Cell Programming Tutorial - IBM (5in1; mirror: http://rapidshare.com/files/416223029/cell.zip  mirror: http://ul.to/39b2fq  mirror: http://www.megaupload.com/?d=0BWIWG1N)
*Cell Programming Tutorial - IBM
** [http://ibm.com/developerworks/power/tutorials/pa-cbecompile1 part1] - Summary: Meet the Cell Broadband Engine™ (Cell BE) processor from a compiler-writer's perspective, and get a bird's-eye view of a number of the unique challenges it poses in this first tutorial of a five-part series.
** [http://ibm.com/developerworks/power/tutorials/pa-cbecompile1 part1] - Summary: Meet the Cell Broadband Engine™ (Cell BE) processor from a compiler-writer's perspective, and get a bird's-eye view of a number of the unique challenges it poses in this first tutorial of a five-part series.
** [http://ibm.com/developerworks/power/tutorials/pa-cbecompile2 part2] - Summary: This tutorial discusses specific issues in optimizing code to run effectively on the Synergistic Processor Elements (SPEs) in the Cell Broadband Engine™ (Cell BE) processor.
** [http://ibm.com/developerworks/power/tutorials/pa-cbecompile2 part2] - Summary: This tutorial discusses specific issues in optimizing code to run effectively on the Synergistic Processor Elements (SPEs) in the Cell Broadband Engine™ (Cell BE) processor.
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* [http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/ieduasst/stgv1r0/index.jsp IBM Cell Broadband engine tutorials]
* [http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/ieduasst/stgv1r0/index.jsp IBM Cell Broadband engine tutorials]


* [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/ iLab University of Southern California 18 part course] (18in1 mirror: [http://www.multiupload.com/2ZII56U731 ilab.usc.edu-cell-course.rar (12.61 MB)]
* [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/ iLab University of Southern California 18 part course]


** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture1-intro.pdf 1.Intro] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture2-cell.pdf 2.Cell] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture3-architecture.pdf 3.Architecture] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture4-concurrency.pdf 4.Concurrency] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture5-parallelism.pdf 5.Parallelism] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture6-patterns1.pdf 6.Patterns1] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture7-patterns2.pdf 7.Patterns2] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture8-streamit.pdf 8.Streamit] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture9-debugging.pdf 9.Debugging] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture10-performance.pdf 10.Performance] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture11-compilers.pdf 11.Compilers] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture12-streaming.pdf 12.Streaming] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture13-starp.pdf 13.Starp] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture14-bluespec.pdf 14.Bluespec] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture15-cilk.pdf 15.Cilk] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture16-games.pdf 16.Games] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture17-raw.pdf 17.Raw] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture18-future.pdf 18.Future]
** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture1-intro.pdf 1.Intro] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture2-cell.pdf 2.Cell] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture3-architecture.pdf 3.Architecture] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture4-concurrency.pdf 4.Concurrency] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture5-parallelism.pdf 5.Parallelism] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture6-patterns1.pdf 6.Patterns1] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture7-patterns2.pdf 7.Patterns2] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture8-streamit.pdf 8.Streamit] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture9-debugging.pdf 9.Debugging] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture10-performance.pdf 10.Performance] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture11-compilers.pdf 11.Compilers] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture12-streaming.pdf 12.Streaming] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture13-starp.pdf 13.Starp] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture14-bluespec.pdf 14.Bluespec] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture15-cilk.pdf 15.Cilk] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture16-games.pdf 16.Games] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture17-raw.pdf 17.Raw] ** [http://ilab.usc.edu/packages/cell-processor/course/6.189-lecture18-future.pdf 18.Future]
* [http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/power/library/pa-archguidev2/ PowerPC Architecture Book, Version 2.02]
** [http://download.boulder.ibm.com/ibmdl/pub/software/dw/power/pa-ppcbook1.zip Book I: PowerPC User Instruction Set Architecture]
** [http://download.boulder.ibm.com/ibmdl/pub/software/dw/power/pa-ppcbook2.zip Book II: PowerPC Virtual Environment Architecture ]
** [http://download.boulder.ibm.com/ibmdl/pub/software/dw/power/pa-ppcbook3.zip Book III: PowerPC Operating Environment Architecture]


==PowerPC Assembly==
==PowerPC Assembly==
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*[http://jonr.neovanglist.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/spu_visualguide.pdf SPU Instructions Visual Guide]
*[http://jonr.neovanglist.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/spu_visualguide.pdf SPU Instructions Visual Guide]
== Hypervisor ==
Research hypervisor (rhype):
* http://www.research.ibm.com/hypervisor/
* http://code.google.com/p/rhype/
* https://github.com/ajray/rhype (backup: [http://www.multiupload.com/0PQE1KA9PS ajray-rhype-fdb96b4.zip (1.04 MB)]
Secure hypervisor(shype):
* http://www.research.ibm.com/secure_systems_department/projects/hypervisor/
{{Development}}<noinclude>[[Category:Main]]</noinclude>

Latest revision as of 19:34, 8 June 2021

Programming Frameworks[edit | edit source]

Cell eclipse sdk systemsim.jpg
example

Currently there are two programming frameworks to use (we don't intend to talk about © Sony SDK nor about the free community driven psl1ght on this page). The Cell SDK is the most full featured and "supported" but is architecture specific, whereas the OpenCL should allow code portability to other accelerators (like GP-GPU's) however is from IBM alphaworks so should be considered beta.



Cell SDK 3.0[edit | edit source]

Cell SDK 3.1[edit | edit source]



Cell SystemSim[edit | edit source]

note: The IBM Full-System Simulator has been removed from the SDK package, and is now available separately. To obtain the Simulator, download it from the following alphaWorks Web site: http://www.alphaworks.ibm.com/tech/cellsystemsim working latest mirror

Compilers[edit | edit source]

  • ppu-gcc -- GNU GCC PPC compiler
  • spu-gcc -- GNU GCC SPU compiler
  • xlcl -- IBM XL OpenCL compiler

Documentation[edit | edit source]

Further Info[edit | edit source]

Even more docs http://moss.csc.ncsu.edu/~mueller/cluster/ps3/

Project OpenCLit - Cluster Computing with the PS3 : http://portal.gitbrew.org/wikibrew/PS3:OpenCLit

Tutorials[edit | edit source]

  • Cell Programming Tutorial - IBM
    • part1 - Summary: Meet the Cell Broadband Engine™ (Cell BE) processor from a compiler-writer's perspective, and get a bird's-eye view of a number of the unique challenges it poses in this first tutorial of a five-part series.
    • part2 - Summary: This tutorial discusses specific issues in optimizing code to run effectively on the Synergistic Processor Elements (SPEs) in the Cell Broadband Engine™ (Cell BE) processor.
    • part3 - Summary: This tutorial discusses the compiler issues in optimizing code to run efficiently on SIMD-capable processors. In particular, it shows how to optimize code that must run both on the VMX SIMD engine of the PowerPC® core of the Cell Broadband Engine (Cell BE) processor, and also on the SIMD-only Synergistic Processor Elements (SPEs).
    • part4 - Summary: This part discusses ways to partition code to run across the multiple cores available in a Cell Broadband Engine™ (Cell BE) processor. It gives particular attention to efficient partitioning of code to allow larger programs or data sets to be manipulated using the 256KB of local store available on the Synergistic Processor Elements (SPEs).
    • part5 - Summary: This last tutorial discusses techniques for managing data in the local store of the Synergistic Processor Elements (SPEs) of a Cell Broadband Engine (Cell BE) processor. Learn particular techniques such as double-buffering and maintaining a reasonably efficient software cache.

PowerPC Assembly[edit | edit source]



Hypervisor[edit | edit source]

Research hypervisor (rhype):

Secure hypervisor(shype):