Thermal

Relative: see also Cooling,Thermal

CELL BE internal Powermanagement

CELL BE heatdistribution (on die)

Characteristics

• Dynamic Power Managment with 5 power managment states

• 1 linear sensor

• 10 digital thermal sensors (8xSPE, PPE and?)

• THERM signal(s) are sent to Syscon Hardware via SMbus

Motherboard Thermal Management

CELL BE/RSX send thermal data over SMbus towards 2 bufferchips, which in turn sends it to Syscon which handles fanspeeds, poweroff etc.

AD51/067ARMZ-REEL (2 channel Thermal Monitor SMbus IC)

6-710-287-01 / IC1101
Used for monitoring the CELL BE

Pin	Signal	Description
1	VCC	+3.3_Thermal
2	D+	from STI_THERMAL0 via R1106 100 Ohm and C1103 0.001uF 50V
3	D-	from STI_THERMAL0 via R1107 100 Ohm and C1103 0.001uF 50V
4	/THERM
5	GND	Ground
6	/THERM2	to /SYS_THR_ALRT
7	SDATA	from THR_I2C_SDA
8	SCLK	from THR_I2C_SCL

OnSemi ADT7461A0002RMZR (2 channel Thermal Monitor SMbus IC CELL BE/RSX)

OnSemi ADT7461A0002RMZR
6-710-287-01
Used for monitoring the CELL BE (IC1101) & RSX (IC2101)

6-710-286-01 / IC2101
Used for monitoring the RSX
Datasheet: ADT7461-D.PDF

Pin	Signal	Description
1	VCC	+3.3_Thermal
2	D+	from RSX_TDR via R2101 100 Ohm and C2103 0.001uF 50V
3	D-	from RSX_TDN via R2102 100 Ohm and C2103 0.001uF 50V
4	/THERM	to RSX_GPIO6 / RSX_THR_EVENT
5	GND	Ground
6	/THERM2	to /THRRSX_SENS_ALRT
7	SDATA	from THR_I2C_SDA
8	SCLK	from THR_I2C_SCL

Speculation

• Attackvector for clock-slowdown?

Readout of Thermal and Fan data using Software

Readable in software with Sycalls: sys_game_get_temperature (sc383), sys_sm_get_tzpb (sc384), sys_sm_get_fan_policy (sc409)

Fan settings per PS3 model based on syscon data reads

Fan temperature/speed settings from syscon

PS3 Model	Mother Board	Syscon	Fan Steps																								Overheat Shutdown (temp)	Fantest mode (yes/no)
			Step 1		Step 2		Step 3		Step 4		Step 5		Step 6		Step 7		Step 8		Step 9		Step 10		Step 11		Step 12
			Temp1	Speed1	Temp2	Speed2	Temp3	Speed3	Temp4	Speed4	Temp5	Speed5	Temp6	Speed6	Temp7	Speed7	Temp8	Speed8	Temp9	Speed9	Temp10	Speed10	Temp11	Speed11	Temp12	Speed12
CECHAxx	COK-001	CXR713120-20xGB	Ambient
CECHBxx	COK-001	CXR713120-20xGB	Ambient
CECHCxx	COK-002	CXR713120-20xGB	Ambient	0x33	74°C/68°C	0x40	75°C/68°C	0x48	75°C/68°C	0x4D	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	??°C/??°C	No
CECHExx	COK-002 or COK-002W	CXR713120-20xGB	Ambient
CECHGxx	SEM-001	CXR713120-20xGB	Ambient																									Yes
CECHHxx	DIA-001	CXR714120-30xGB	Ambient
CECHJxx	DIA-002	CXR714120-30xGB	Ambient
CECHKxx	DIA-002	CXR714120-30xGB	Ambient
CECHLxx	VER-001	SW-30x	Ambient
CECHMxx	VER-001	SW-30x	Ambient
CECHPxx	VER-001	SW-30x	Ambient
CECHQxx	VER-001	SW-30x	Ambient
CECH-20xx	DYN-001	SW2-30x	Ambient
CECH-21xx	SUR-001	SW2-30x	Ambient
CECH-25xx	JTP-001	SW2-30x	Ambient	0x33	58°/54°	0x39	59°/57°	0x3B	60°/60°	0x3E	62°/61°	0x40	63°/62°	0x43	64°/64°	0x45	65°/65°	0x48	70°/69°	0x4A	73°/73°	0x50	??°/??°	0x??	??°/??°	0x??	??°/??°	Yes
CECH-25xx	JSD-001	SW2-30x	Ambient
CECH-30xx	KTE-001	SW2-30x	Ambient
CECH-40xx	MSX-001	SW3-30x	Ambient
CECH-40xx	MPX-001	SW3-30x	Ambient

• Notes
  • In "Temp1" column the exact temperature has no importance, there is a big gap in this first step (from minimal to around 54º the fan speed is the same), but the fan speed associated in "Speed1" is needed to know because is the minimal
  • Temperatures in the format XX/YY are CELL/RSX in celsius degrees (°, {{degree}}, {{°}} or °)
  • Fan speeds are in hexadecimal
  • Firmware installations can change fan configuration values in syscon so the values can vary depending of firmware
  • Fan has a special "test/clean" mode that sets the fan at max speed, only works in some PS3 models, to enter this mode first disconnect power cord from the wallet, then press eject button and keep it pressed, then connect power cord to the wallet

Test conditions

To make this test, first install "iris manager" and configure the fan speeds to be controlled by syscon (sys_sm_get_fan_policy in mode 1 allows to see the default values syscon is using in real time at the bottom of the screen)... then turn off the PS3 and let it cool for some hours to return to ambient temperature

After this preparation start the test by turning on the PS3 and enter in iris, go to fancontrol settings screen as faster as possible, then start taking notes of how the values that appears at the bottom of the screen changes over time

This test can last over 60 minutes in some PS3 models and will not reach the higher temperature values because the efficiency of the cooling system doesnt allows the PS3 to overheat for obvious reasons. The maximun temperature on the test is not important for this table, the values of the fan speeds are (and the temperature asociated with this fan speed change)

A controlled overheat can be forced by blocking the airflow grills (any of them) with a plastic bag, only use this method for small overheats around 4º or 5º that are the normal peaks that will be present in-game. When manual overheating never exceed the overheat shutdown temperature that is around 85º because this can cause a permanent damage to the motherboard

Homebrew for thermal and fan read and control

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Control fan utility

• http://www.ps3devwiki.com/files/devtools/PS3_Temp/ mirror mirror

• control_fan_utility_v0.3.rar (including source) mirror for 4.31 and 4.40 // original thread
• control_fan_utility_v1.0.rar (including source) mirror for 3.41, 3.55, 4.21, 4.30 and 4.40 // original thread
• control_fan_utility_v1.6.rar (added support for Remote Play) mirror // original thread
• control_fan_utility_v1.7.rar (added support for more firmwares) // original thread
• Control Fan Utility 1.8.1 (unofficial mod by Alexander)
• Fan Control Utility v1.9: Now Supports ALL 4.46 CFW // D/L (unofficial mod by Alexander)

• irismanager-4-x.rar (with fancontrol/thermal output) // original thread

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Default values used by the payload included in "control fan utility" and "iris manager"

speed_table_default[8]

#	value	mode	notes
0	0x5f	sm_shutdown / manual mode
1	0x4d	< temp_control0
2	0x54	temp_control0 => temp_control1
3	0x60	temp_control0 <= temp_control1
4	0x68	>= temp_control1
5	0x70	>= temp_control2
6	0x78	>= temp_control3
7	0xA0	>= temp_control4

temp_control_default[5]

#	temp	note
0	62
1	68
2	70
3	72
4	75

Thermal Images

90nm / 60GB FAT and 65nm / 40GB FAT

These tests aren't by any means scientific, as we only heated the PS3's with the "Folding @ Home" application included with "Life With PlayStation" for about an hour, as the temperature had reached it's peak by then. The findings may surprise some of you, as earlier reports stated the 40GB PS3's used much less power and emitted less heat as a result of a smaller CELL processor and some other differences.

With the ambient temperature at about 22 Celcius, we started taking pictures. As you can see in the first image below, the upper-right part of the PS3 heats up the fastest, because this is where the ventilation system outputs most of the hot air building up inside of the console. Already in this image, you can see the power supply in the lower right corner heating up.

PS3 Thermal Imaging - IR_0020

The front of the PS3 didn't heat up as quickly, as we can see in the next picture. The only slightly warm part is the PS3's power supply in the lower left corner of the console as seen:

PS3 Thermal Imaging - IR_0021

The next image also shows the front of the PS3, but from a slightly elevated angle to show the top/side vents in comparison to the PSU.

PS3 Thermal Imaging - IR_0022

Now after waiting some time (7 minutes into testing), we can already see the back and side vents getting quite hot, going as high as 49 C. This is where the heatsink is sitting mostly.

PS3 Thermal Imaging - IR_0024

Now we waited for the PS3 to REALLY heat up. Using Folding@Home, the PS3 is put under a lot of stress, although different to gaming, because the RSX is supposedly not put under as much stress. This was done because it was easier to get a uniform heat output from the system, as various games tax the system's components in different ways and at different times, being that they are not linear.

Sadly, in this pic, the FLIR camera was not calibrated correctly (you have to calibrate it before every pic), so it seems that the PS3 is much hotter than it really is. The heat gauge on the side tells us the actual max temp on this pic is only 29 C. Still, we can gather from this pic that only the PSU is getting hot, and the rest of the console is uniformly orange.

PS3 Thermal Imaging - IR_0026

The backside shows a different picture. The rear vents are now very warm at 45 C, compared to the rest at about 23 C, which is slightly above room temperature.

PS3 Thermal Imaging - IR_0027

Here is the backside of the PS3 after heating up. The complete bottom is getting pretty hot, but the most heat output can still be seen at the side vent, which is at 42 C.

PS3 Thermal Imaging - IR_0028

Now that we know the temperature of the 60GB after being given time to warm up under load, we connected the 40GB unit to the TV. Starting again at about 22 C, we can again see the PSU heating up from the front.

PS3 Thermal Imaging - IR_0030

After only several minutes under load, we get this picture, showing us the heat production compared to the 60GB is nearly the same at the rear vents at 47 C.

PS3 Thermal Imaging - IR_0031

Now we looked at the bottom, and it looked quite different compared to the 60GB. Here we can actually see where the fan is located, and we can see that the distribution of heat is much more uniform. This tells us that the heatsink in the 40GB PS3's is much more efficient, even though the overall heat output is about the same. The 40GB is also a lot quieter. My 60GB unit's spins up to high speed mode quick and stays that way. The 40GB's fan speed nearly always stays one "notch" lower, making it nearly silent when gaming or watching a movie. The back of the unit is also a bit cooler than the 60GB, though the side is about the same. You'll notice fewer deep reds on the 40GB images in comparison to the images of the 60GB console.

PS3 Thermal Imaging - IR_0032

The verdict is still a bit hard to deduce. After all, we know that the CELL in the 40GB is 65nm compared to the 90nm chip in the 60GB consoles, also using about 40 Watts less power overall. Yet, the heat signature is almost the same for both, being slightly more uniform in the 40GB. My guess is, the 40GB does indeed produce less heat, as can be deduced by the much lower weight and smaller heatsink. Thus, it can more effectively transport heat away than the older 60GB model.

All in all, I say, Sony engineered quite a nice little piece of machinery here in terms of heat production and dissipation. Today's laptops have CPU's which usually produce less than 25 Watts of heat under load, normally never exceeding 35 watts. PS3 on the other hand can use up to 200 Watts in a case that is not that much bigger.

source: http://psinsider.e-mpire.com/index.php?categoryid=3&m_articles_articleid=1160