Editing Resource Container (RCO)

=Description=
The file extension in PSP and PS3 is '''RCO''' that seems to be the acronym of '''R'''esource '''C'''ontainer '''O'''bjet

The file signature (aka [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_number_(programming) magic number]) from PSP (in little endian) is '''PRF''' that seems to be the acronym of '''P'''laystation '''R'''esource '''F'''ile

RCO contents are loaded by other firmware functions as [[XMBML Structure|XMBML]] setting files, and [[XMB]] modules (also known as .sprx plugins), see [[Plugin Interfaces]] and [[VSH]]

=Contents=
*RCO contents (See [[Multimedia Formats and Tools]]): <!--and see rcomage miscmap.ini for a list of the supported formats-->
Text for all [[Template:XMB_languages|languages]], textures, sounds (for cursor navigation, trophy unlocking, etc...) and models

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! RCO format !! Embedded code !! Text !! Textures !! Sounds !! Models !! Script
|-
| Generic || [[RCOXML Coding|RCOXML]] || utf8, utf16, utf32 || gim, png, jpg, tif, gif, bmp || vag, unknown0x0 || gmo || [[PlayStation JavaScript]]
|-
| PS3 specific || [[RCOXML Coding|RCOXML]] || utf16 || gim, png, jpg || vag || {{cellcolors|lightgrey}} ''n/a'' || {{cellcolors|lightgrey}} ''n/a''
|}

=Versions=
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:x-small;"
|-
! rowspan="2" | <abbr title="based in the changelog of custom_render_plugin.rco PS3, and rcomage source code">RCO version</abbr> !! rowspan="2" | Firmware !! rowspan="2" | <abbr title="release date of the first firmware using that rco version in format YYYY/MM/DD">Release date</abbr> !! colspan="3"  | RCO format specifications
|-
! Toc trees !! Toc compression !! Other Notes
|-
| 0x55 || {{icon content psp|50px}} 0.6.5 || pre-retail || 9 || uncompressed || archaic rco format, header is 16 bytes smaller
|-
| 0x70 || {{icon content psp|50px}} 1.00 || 2004 / 12 / 12 || 10 || uncompressed || 
|-
| 0x71 || {{icon content psp|50px}} 1.50~2.50 || 2005 / 3 / 24 || 10 || uncompressed || normal toc up to this version
|-
| 0x90 || {{icon content psp|50px}} 2.60 || 2005 / 11 / 29 || 10 ||  || zlib compressed toc implemented
|-
| 0x95 || {{icon content psp|50px}} 2.70~2.71 || 2006 / 4 / 25 || 10 ||  || rlz compressed toc implemented
|-
| 0x96 || {{icon content psp|50px}} 2.80~3.40 || 2006 / 7 / 27 || 10 ||  || the toc seems to be compressed in parts
|-
| 0x97 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 1.00~1.54 || 2006 / 11 / 11 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x100 || {{icon content psp|50px}} 3.50~6.61 || 2007 / 5 / 31 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x102 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 1.60~1.70 || 2007 / 3 / 22 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x104 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 1.80~1.82 || 2007 / 5 / 24 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x105 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 1.90~1.94 || 2007 / 7 / 24 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x106 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 2.00~2.17 || 2007 / 11 / 8 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x107 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 2.20~2.80 || 2008 / 3 / 25 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x108 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 3.00~3.01 || 2009 / 9 / 1 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x110 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 3.10~3.74 || 2009 / 11 / 19 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x120 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 4.00~4.25 || 2011 / 11 / 29 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x130 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 4.30~4.76 || 2012 / 10 / 24 || 10 ||  || 
|}

=RCO Structure=
Based on [http://endlessparadigm.com/forum/showthread.php?tid=231 RCO File Format] (outdated) and [https://github.com/zingaburga/RCOMage rcomage source]

==Header==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:x-small;"
|-
! Offset !! Length !! Example !! Name !! Notes
|-{{cellcolors|#000000|#ffffff}}
| 0x00 || 0x04 || 46 52 50 00 || '''prf_signature''' || In PS3 is "FRP" (big endian). In PSP is "PRF" (little endian)
|-{{cellcolors|#000000|#ffffff}}
| 0x04 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 97 || '''prf_version''' || named ''minFirmwareVer'' in [[Rcomage]], see {{talk}} page
|-{{cellcolors|#000000|#ffffff}}
| 0x08 || 0x04 || <abbr title="Always seems to be 0x00000000">00 00 00 00</abbr> || {{cellcolors|#ff7777}} <abbr title="minor_version ?">''prf_unknown''</abbr> || 
|-{{cellcolors|#000000|#ffffff}}
| 0x0C || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || <abbr title="compress everything except the header and '''dat''' data tables to store files">'''prf_compression'''</abbr> || 0x00=uncompressed, 0x10=ZLIB, 0x20=RLZ<br>It can be combined with ''UMDflag'', see {{talk}} page
|-{{cellcolors|#7777ff}}
| 0x10 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 A4 || '''toc_maintree_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x14 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''toc_scripttree_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x18 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''toc_languagetree_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x1C || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''toc_soundtree_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x20 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''toc_modeltree_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x24 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''toc_imagetree_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x28 || 0x04 || <abbr title="Always seems to be 0xFFFFFFFF">FF FF FF FF</abbr> || {{cellcolors|#ff7777}} <abbr title="toc_unknowntree_absolute_offset">''toc_unknown''</abbr> || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x2C || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''toc_fonttree_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x30 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 CC || '''toc_objecttree_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x34 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''toc_animationtree_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#66ff66}}
| 0x38 || 0x04 || 00 00 01 D4 || '''str_language_table_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#66ff66}}
| 0x3C || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''str_language_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#99ff99}}
| 0x40 || 0x04 || 00 00 01 D4 || '''str_label_table_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#99ff99}}
| 0x44 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 1C || '''str_label_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#bbffbb}}
| 0x48 || 0x04 || 00 00 01 F0 || '''str_event_table_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#bbffbb}}
| 0x4C || 0x04 || 00 00 00 04 || '''str_event_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#770077}}
| 0x50 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''ptr_language_table_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#770077}}
| 0x54 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''ptr_language_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#880088}}
| 0x58 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''ptr_image_table_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#880088}}
| 0x5C || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''ptr_image_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#990099}}
| 0x60 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''ptr_model_table_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#990099}}
| 0x64 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''ptr_model_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#aa00aa}}
| 0x68 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''ptr_sound_table_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#aa00aa}}
| 0x6C || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''ptr_sound_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#bb00bb}}
| 0x70 || 0x04 || 00 00 01 CC || '''ptr_object_table_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#bb00bb}}
| 0x74 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 08 || '''ptr_object_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#cc00cc}}
| 0x78 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''ptr_animation_table_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#cc00cc}}
| 0x7C || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''ptr_animation_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#ccaa88}}
| 0x80 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''dat_image_table_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#ccaa88}}
| 0x84 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''dat_image_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#ddbb99}}
| 0x88 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''dat_sound_table_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#ddbb99}}
| 0x8C || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''dat_sound_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#eeccaa}}
| 0x90 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''dat_model_table_absolute_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#eeccaa}}
| 0x94 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''dat_model_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#ffddbb}}
| 0x98 || 0x04 || <abbr title="Always seems to be 0xFFFFFFFF">FF FF FF FF</abbr> || {{cellcolors|#ff7777}} <abbr title="dat_unknown_table_absolute_offset">''dat_unknown_1''</abbr> || 
|-{{cellcolors|#ffddbb}}
| 0x9C || 0x04 || <abbr title="Always seems to be 0xFFFFFFFF">FF FF FF FF</abbr> || {{cellcolors|#ff7777}} <abbr title="dat_unknown_table_length">''dat_unknown_2''</abbr> || 
|-{{cellcolors|#ffddbb}}
| 0xA0 || 0x04 || <abbr title="Always seems to be 0xFFFFFFFF">FF FF FF FF</abbr> || {{cellcolors|#ff7777}} <abbr title="dat_unknown_table_absolute_offset">''dat_unknown_3''</abbr> || 
|}

==info/main/xml table==
This area works as an index of all the .rco contents, when the area is compressed there are 12 bytes at the beginning with info about this compression, after it starts the info composed by entries that follows a hierarchy of parent/children/brother, every entry defines an element with its attributes. All this info can be represented as an xml file (this is what rcomage names an [[RCOXML Structure|RCOXML]])

The container structure can be represented as an XML (see [[RCOXML Coding|RCOXML]]), with [[rcomage]] is posible to generate this XML when extracting, and for rebuilding the rco using the XML as a layout

===Compression methods===
<!--initially was not compressed, and what is explained here seems to be obsolete, later it was compressed in sections, i guess in separated groups for each "tree" represented in the rcoxml the purpose of this is for the console to access one "tree" of the hierarchy independlly without the need to decompress the whole table, for performance-->

When the table is compressed at beginning there are 3 values related with the compression (otherway if the table is not compressed this 3 values doesnt exists)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Offset !! Length !! Name !! Example !! Notes !! Speculation
|-
| 0x00 || 0x04 || '''lenPacked''' ||  || Packed size of all the table sections || 
|-
| 0x04 || 0x04 || '''lenUnpacked''' ||  || Unpacked size of all the table sections || 
|-
| 0x08 || 0x04 || '''lenLongestText''' ||  || length of the longest language's text data (unpacked)<br>if the compressed area doesn't contains any language text the value is 0 || 
|}

===Info entry===
====Common area====
Every entry has an area at beginning that is common for all '''entry_types''', the values that comes after this common area are specific and different for each the '''entry_type'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Offset !! Length !! Name !! Example !! Notes !! Speculation
|-
| 0x00 || 0x04 || '''entry_type''' ||  || First and second byte indicates the entry type. See '''RCOXML TOC entry types''' table below || 
|-
| 0x04 || 0x04 || '''entry_label_offset''' ||  || Offset to the label (relative to the label table).  0xFFFFFFFF means the label doesn't exist for this entry || 
|-
| 0x08 || 0x04 || '''entry_header_size''' ||  || sizeof(RCOEntry) = 0x28 [ only used for entries with extra info (ie not "main" entries) ] || ''entry_common_area_size''
|-
| 0x0C || 0x04 || '''entry_size''' ||  || main tables (main/img etc) uses 0x28 here, or is this the length of current entry (not including subentries)? || ''entry_whole_size''
|-
| 0x10 || 0x04 || '''children_number''' ||  ||  || 
|-
| 0x14 || 0x04 || '''next_entry_offset''' ||  ||  || ''next_brother_entry_size''
|-
| 0x18 || 0x04 || '''previous_entry_offset''' ||  || this is usually 0x0 however (does make writing RCOs easier though :P I guess Sony's tools do something similar...) || ''previous_brother_entry_size''
|-
| 0x1C || 0x04 || '''parent_offset''' ||  || offset of this entry from parent entry || ''entry_offset_relative_to_parent_start_offset''
|-
| 0x20 || 0x04 || {{cellcolors|#ff9999}} ''unknown'' ||  || Always seems to be 0x00000000 || 
|-
| 0x24 || 0x04 || {{cellcolors|#ff9999}} ''unknown'' ||  || Always seems to be 0x00000000 || 
|}

{{RCOXML TOC entry types}}

After the area common for all entries it starts the info specific for each '''entry_type''' explained below

====(0x1) MainTree====
Main tree doesnt uses specific attributes, only uses the default ones explained above that indicates his position at top of the [[RCOXML Structure]] hierarchy and gives it a "label" name<!-- Doesn't have parent, and doesn't have any previous or next "brother", the number of childrens indicates how many of the '''entry_type''' explained below are under it (max number of childrens should be 8 for an .rco containing at least one of each) -->

====(0x2) ScriptTree====
This is named "ScriptTree" for  simplification purposes, but is not actually a tree, only one [[VSMX]] file can be stored inside an RCO

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Offset !! Length !! Name !! Example !! Notes !! Speculation
|-
| 0x00 || 0x04 || '''file_offset''' ||  || VSMX file offset, relative to the start offset of the vsmx data table (always 0) || 
|-
| 0x04 || 0x04 || '''file_size''' ||  || VSMX file length || 
|}

====(0x3) TextTree====
"TextTree" could be renamed to LanguageTree, is more intuitive, the point is every entry here is the "parent" of several string texts, but the entry itself is not a text (is the parent of a group of texts), so is better to use a name more abstract like "LanguageTree"

For a [[Languages|Language]] first are specified the '''language_id''' and the number of "children" text strings
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Offset !! Length !! Name !! Example !! Notes !! Speculation
|-
| 0x00 || 0x02 || '''language_id''' ||  || 0x00=Japanese<br>0x01=English (United States)<br>0x02=French<br>0x03=Spanish (Spain)<br>0x04=German<br>0x05=Italian<br>0x06=Dutch<br>0x07=Portuguese (Portugal)<br>0x08=Russian<br>0x09=Korean<br>0x0A=Chinese (Traditional)<br>0x0B=Chinese (Simplified)<br>0x0C=Finnish<br>0x0D=Swedish<br>0x0E=Danish<br>0x0F=Norwegian<br>0x10=Polish<br>0x11=Portuguese (Brazil)<br>0x12=English (United Kingdom)<br>0x13=Turkish || 
|-
| 0x02 || 0x02 || '''strings_format''' ||  || 0x00=UTF8<br>0x01=UTF16<br>0x02=UTF32 || 
|-
| 0x04 || 0x04 || '''strings_number''' ||  || number of text strings for this '''language_id''' || 
|}

Now for every '''strings_number''' are repeated 12 bytes to define every string that are references to other tables
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Offset !! Length !! Name !! Example !! Notes !! Speculation
|-
| 0x00 || 0x04 || '''label_offset''' ||  || Offset to label, relative of the label table || 
|-
| 0x04 || 0x04 || '''string_length''' ||  || Length of the text || 
|-
| 0x08 || 0x04 || '''string_offset''' ||  || Offset of the text, relative to the text data start address || 
|}

====(0x4) ImageTree====
The values marked in red are optional, the presence of the '''unknown''' specific for PS3 can be deduced based on the "rco version" in the rco header, only exists in PS3 RCO's (PSP doesnt uses it). See [[Talk:Rcomage|rcomage talk page]]. The presence of the other optional value '''file_uncompressed_size''' can be deduced by reading the entry itself

The '''file_compression''' feature adds a compression layer over the file format (pointless for image formats that are nativelly compressed like GIM or JPG)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Offset !! Length !! Name !! Example !! Notes !! Speculation
|-
| 0x00 || 0x02 || '''file_format''' ||  || 0x0=PNG<br>0x1=JPEG<br>0x2=TIFF<br>0x3=GIF<br>0x4=BMP<br>0x5=GIM || 
|-
| 0x02 || 0x02 || '''file_compression''' ||  || 0x0=NONE<br>0x1=ZLIB<br>0x2=RLZ || 
|-
| 0x04 || 0x04 || '''file_size''' ||  || either compressed or uncompressed, this is the final size of the file stored inside the rco || 
|-
| 0x08 || 0x04 || '''file_offset''' ||  ||  || 
|-
| 0x0C || 0x04 || {{cellcolors|#ff9999}} ''unknown'' ||  || PS3 RCOs seem to have this extra value - probably something to do with planes/frames?? usually 0x1 || 
|-
| 0x10 || 0x04 || {{cellcolors|#9999ff}} '''file_uncompressed_size''' ||  || Optional. Doesn't exist if '''file_compression''' = '''NONE''', for PSP is located 4 bytes before because the previous value doesn't exists || 
|}

====(0x5) ModelTree====
ModelTree uses the same values than ImageTree with a couple of differences, the table is repeated here for comparison purposes

The presence of the '''unknown''' (specific for PS3) is completlly speculative because never has been found a GMO file used on PS3 official firmware, is not even known if PS3 firmware has some function able to manage GMO files

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Offset !! Length !! Name !! Example !! Notes !! Speculation
|-
| 0x00 || 0x02 || '''file_format''' ||  || 0x0=GMO || 
|-
| 0x02 || 0x02 || '''file_compression''' ||  || 0x0=NONE<br>0x1=ZLIB<br>0x2=RLZ || 
|-
| 0x04 || 0x04 || '''file_size''' ||  || either compressed or uncompressed, this is the final size of the file stored inside the rco || 
|-
| 0x08 || 0x04 || '''file_offset''' ||  || Offset of data relative to the beginning of the image data section || 
|-
| 0x0C || 0x04 || {{cellcolors|#ff9999}} ''unknown'' ||  || PS3 RCOs seem to have this extra value - probably something to do with planes/frames?? usually 0x1 || 
|-
| 0x10 || 0x04 || {{cellcolors|#9999ff}} '''file_uncompressed_size''' ||  || Optional. Doesn't exist if '''file_compression''' = '''NONE''', for PSP is located 4 bytes before because the previous value doesn't exists || 
|}

====(0x6) SoundTree====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Offset !! Length !! Name !! Example !! Notes !! Speculation
|-
| 0x00 || 0x02 || '''file_format''' ||  || <span style="background:#ff9999;">0x0=''unknown''</span><br>0x1=VAG || 
|-
| 0x02 || 0x02 || '''audio_channels''' ||  || 0x1=MONO<br>0x2=STEREO || 
|-
| 0x04 || 0x04 || '''file_size''' ||  || either one or two channels, this is the final size of the file stored inside the rco || 
|-
| 0x08 || 0x04 || '''file_offset''' ||  || Offset of the sound data to the beginning of the sound data section || 
|-
| 0x0C || 0x04 || '''left_channel_size''' ||  || <!--If '''audio_channels''' = '''MONO''' this is the size of the whole audio file, if '''STEREO''' -->This is the size of left channel file || 
|-
| 0x10 || 0x04 || '''left_channel_offset''' ||  || Offset of left channel VAG to the beginning of the sound data section || 
|-
| 0x0C || 0x04 || {{cellcolors|#9999ff}} '''right_channel_size''' ||  || Optional. Only exists if '''audio_channels''' = '''STEREO''' || 
|-
| 0x10 || 0x04 || {{cellcolors|#9999ff}} '''right_channel_offset''' ||  || Optional. Only exists if '''audio_channels''' = '''STEREO''' || 
|}

====(0x7) FontTree====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Offset !! Length !! Name !! Example !! Notes !! Speculation
|-
| 0x00 || 0x02 || {{cellcolors|#ff7777}} '''file_format''' ||  || 0x1=? || 
|-
| 0x02 || 0x02 || {{cellcolors|#ff7777}} '''file_compression''' ||  || 0x0=NONE ?<br>0x1=ZLIB ?<br>0x2=RLZ ? || 
|-
| 0x04 || 0x04 || {{cellcolors|#ff7777}} ''unknown'' ||  ||  || ''file_size'' ?
|-
| 0x08 || 0x04 || {{cellcolors|#ff7777}} ''unknown'' ||  ||  || ''file_offset'' ?
|}

====(0x8) ObjectTree====
====(0x9) AnimTree====

{{File Formats}}
<noinclude>[[Category:Main]]</noinclude>