Editing Resource Container (RCO)

=Description=
The file extension in PSP and PS3 is '''RCO''' that seems to be the acronym of '''R'''esource '''C'''ontainer '''O'''bjet

The file signature (aka [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_number_(programming) magic number]) from PSP (in little endian) is '''PRF''' that seems to be the acronym of '''P'''laystation '''R'''esource '''F'''ile

RCO contents are loaded by other firmware functions as [[XMBML Structure|XMBML]] setting files, and [[XMB]] modules (also known as .sprx plugins), see [[Plugin Interfaces]] and [[VSH]]

==Contents==
*RCO contents (See [[Multimedia Formats and Tools]]): <!--and see rcomage miscmap.ini for a list of the supported formats-->
Text for all [[Template:XMB_languages|languages]], textures, sounds (for cursor navigation, trophy unlocking, etc...) and models

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! RCO format !! Embedded code !! Text !! Textures !! Sounds !! Models !! Script
|-
| Generic || [[RCOXML Coding|RCOXML]] || utf8, utf16, utf32 || gim, png, jpg, tif, gif, bmp || vag, unknown0x0 || gmo || [[PlayStation JavaScript]]
|-
| PS3 specific || [[RCOXML Coding|RCOXML]] || utf16 || gim, png, jpg || vag || {{cellcolors|lightgrey}} ''n/a'' || {{cellcolors|lightgrey}} ''n/a''
|}

==Versions==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:x-small;"
|-
! rowspan="2" | <abbr title="based in the changelog of custom_render_plugin.rco PS3, and rcomage source code">RCO version</abbr> !! rowspan="2" | Firmware !! rowspan="2" | <abbr title="release date of the first firmware using that rco version in format YYYY/MM/DD">Release date</abbr> !! colspan="3"  | RCO format specifications
|-
! Toc trees !! Toc compression !! Other Notes
|-
| 0x55 || {{icon content psp|50px}} 0.6.5 || pre-retail || 9 || uncompressed || archaic rco format, header is 16 bytes smaller
|-
| 0x70 || {{icon content psp|50px}} 1.00 || 2004 / 12 / 12 || 10 || uncompressed || 
|-
| 0x71 || {{icon content psp|50px}} 1.50~2.50 || 2005 / 3 / 24 || 10 || uncompressed || normal toc up to this version
|-
| 0x90 || {{icon content psp|50px}} 2.60 || 2005 / 11 / 29 || 10 ||  || zlib compressed toc implemented
|-
| 0x95 || {{icon content psp|50px}} 2.70~2.71 || 2006 / 4 / 25 || 10 ||  || rlz compressed toc implemented
|-
| 0x96 || {{icon content psp|50px}} 2.80~3.40 || 2006 / 7 / 27 || 10 ||  || the toc seems to be compressed in parts
|-
| 0x97 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 1.00~1.54 || 2006 / 11 / 11 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x100 || {{icon content psp|50px}} 3.50~6.61 || 2007 / 5 / 31 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x102 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 1.60~1.70 || 2007 / 3 / 22 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x104 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 1.80~1.82 || 2007 / 5 / 24 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x105 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 1.90~1.94 || 2007 / 7 / 24 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x106 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 2.00~2.17 || 2007 / 11 / 8 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x107 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 2.20~2.80 || 2008 / 3 / 25 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x108 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 3.00~3.01 || 2009 / 9 / 1 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x110 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 3.10~3.74 || 2009 / 11 / 19 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x120 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 4.00~4.25 || 2011 / 11 / 29 || 10 ||  || 
|-
| 0x130 || {{icon content ps3|50px}} 4.30~4.76 || 2012 / 10 / 24 || 10 ||  || 
|}

=RCO Structure=
Based on [http://endlessparadigm.com/forum/showthread.php?tid=231 RCO File Format] (outdated) and [https://github.com/zingaburga/RCOMage rcomage source]

==Header==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:x-small;"
|-
! Offset !! Length !! Example !! Name !! Notes
|-{{cellcolors|#666666|#ffffff}}
| 0x00 || 0x04 || 46 52 50 00 || '''prf_signature''' || In PS3 is "FRP" (big endian). In PSP is "PRF" (little endian)
|-{{cellcolors|#666666|#ffffff}}
| 0x04 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 97 || '''prf_version''' || See {{talk}} page
|-{{cellcolors|#666666|#ffffff}}
| 0x08 || 0x04 || <abbr title="Always seems to be 0x00000000">00 00 00 00</abbr> || {{cellcolors|#ff7777}} <abbr title="prf_minor_version ?">''prf_unk''</abbr> || 
|-{{cellcolors|#666666|#ffffff}}
| 0x0C || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || <abbr title="compress everything except the header and '''dat''' data tables to store files">'''prf_compress'''</abbr> || 0x00=uncompressed, 0x10=ZLIB, 0x20=RLZ, see {{talk}} page
|-{{cellcolors|#7777ff}}
| 0x10 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 A4 || '''toc_main_tree_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x14 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''toc_script_tree_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x18 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''toc_text_tree_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x1C || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''toc_sound_tree_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x20 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''toc_model_tree_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x24 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''toc_image_tree_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x28 || 0x04 || <abbr title="Always seems to be 0xFFFFFFFF">FF FF FF FF</abbr> || {{cellcolors|#ff7777}} <abbr title="toc_unk_tree_offset ?">''toc_unk''</abbr> || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x2C || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''toc_font_tree_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x30 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 CC || '''toc_object_tree_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#8888ff}}
| 0x34 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''toc_anim_tree_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#66ff66}}
| 0x38 || 0x04 || 00 00 01 D4 || '''str_text_table_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#66ff66}}
| 0x3C || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''str_text_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#99ff99}}
| 0x40 || 0x04 || 00 00 01 D4 || '''str_label_table_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#99ff99}}
| 0x44 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 1C || '''str_label_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#bbffbb}}
| 0x48 || 0x04 || 00 00 01 F0 || '''str_event_table_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#bbffbb}}
| 0x4C || 0x04 || 00 00 00 04 || '''str_event_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#770077}}
| 0x50 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''ptr_text_table_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#770077}}
| 0x54 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''ptr_text_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#880088}}
| 0x58 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''ptr_image_table_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#880088}}
| 0x5C || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''ptr_image_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#990099}}
| 0x60 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''ptr_model_table_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#990099}}
| 0x64 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''ptr_model_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#aa00aa}}
| 0x68 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''ptr_sound_table_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#aa00aa}}
| 0x6C || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''ptr_sound_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#bb00bb}}
| 0x70 || 0x04 || 00 00 01 CC || '''ptr_object_table_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#bb00bb}}
| 0x74 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 08 || '''ptr_object_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#cc00cc}}
| 0x78 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''ptr_anim_table_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#cc00cc}}
| 0x7C || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''ptr_anim_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#ccaa88}}
| 0x80 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''dat_image_table_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#ccaa88}}
| 0x84 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''dat_image_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#ddbb99}}
| 0x88 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''dat_sound_table_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#ddbb99}}
| 0x8C || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''dat_sound_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#eeccaa}}
| 0x90 || 0x04 || FF FF FF FF || '''dat_model_table_offset''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#eeccaa}}
| 0x94 || 0x04 || 00 00 00 00 || '''dat_model_table_length''' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#ffddbb}}
| 0x98 || 0x04 || <abbr title="Always seems to be 0xFFFFFFFF">FF FF FF FF</abbr> || {{cellcolors|#ff7777}} ''dat_unk_1'' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#ffddbb}}
| 0x9C || 0x04 || <abbr title="Always seems to be 0xFFFFFFFF">FF FF FF FF</abbr> || {{cellcolors|#ff7777}} ''dat_unk_2'' || 
|-{{cellcolors|#ffddbb}}
| 0xA0 || 0x04 || <abbr title="Always seems to be 0xFFFFFFFF">FF FF FF FF</abbr> || {{cellcolors|#ff7777}} ''dat_unk_3'' || 
|}

*All offsets in the header are absolute

==TOC==
The TOC (table of contents) works as an index of all the .RCO contents, is composed by entries that follows a hierarchy of parent/children/siblings, it can be represented as an .XML file composed by '''elements''' and its '''attributes''' (see [http://www.w3schools.com/xml/xml_tree.asp XML Tree])

This .XML file that represents the RCO contents is also known as an [[RCOXML Coding|RCOXML]] and is the main file generated by [[rcomage]] when extracting the contents of a .RCO. Contains all the important info from the original .RCO file and some more info added by rcomage needed to rebuild the .RCO file accuratelly keeping the original settings

Every entry starts with an area of 0x28 length that represents an XML '''element''', it specifyes the '''entry_type''', a '''label''' identifyer for this entry (optional) and some info related with the TOC internal structure and its hierarchy relationship with other entries

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:small;"
|+RCO TOC entry common area {{ed right|RCO TOC entry common area}}
! Offset !! Length !! <abbr title="Data type">Type</abbr> !! Name !! {{icon content psp|50px}} !! {{icon content ps3|50px}} !! Example (TOC) !! Example (XML) !! Notes
|-
| {{RCO TOC entry common area}}
|-
|}

After the common area (at entry relative offset 0x28) appears the '''attributes''', the attributes are different for every '''entry_type''' and are explained in detail in other wiki pages, see the links in the table below

The entry_types wich name contains the word '''tree''' (as example MainTree) are special and doesnt uses attributes, MainTree is always located as the first entry, doesn't have a parent, and doesn't have any previous or next "sibling", the maximun number posible of childrens for MainTree is 8 (containing all the other "trees")<!--actually it should be 9 trees max because the toc_unknown area at absolute offset 0x28 in the header is telling it exists another unknown tree-->. The other "trees" (as example imageTree or soundTree) are siblings and are the childrens of "MainTree", Every one of those "trees" contains a variable number of '''entry_types''' that are its childrens

An special mention is needed to the [[RCOXML Objects]] (entry_types starting with 0x08) and [[RCOXML Animations]] (entry_types starting with 0x09) where the attributes can be grouped in standard attributes (used by most entryes of this type) and specific attributes (different for every entry_type). The standard attributes are always located before the specific attributes
{{RCO TOC entry types}}

Some of the attributes are a '''reference''' to load other entry, are composed by two values, the first is the '''reference_type''' that indicates the "tree" of the entry that is going to be loaded, and the second is a '''pointer''' to a text string with the '''label''' of the entry that is going to be loaded. The reference_type '''event''' doesnt loads an entry from a "tree" though, it runs a code function from either a .sprx (by storing the text '''native:/''' as part of the text string inside the RCO) or from a [[VSMX]] script (by storing the text '''script:/''' as part of the text string inside the RCO)
{{RCO TOC reference types}}

{{Boxframe1|content='''example placeholder'''
*Example here following the other example of the header at top of the page, using color codes like the examples in {{talk}} page
*With '''MainTree-AnimTree-Animation-Fade''' (because i think is the minimal example that shows how trees are made and the entry_type "fade" that uses "standard" and "specific" attributes)
*And '''MainTree-ObjectTree-Page''' (because the animation needs to be linked to an object by using a reference, otherway rcomage will return an error when trying to compile it)
}}
*All offsets in the TOC are relative

==String tables==
This area stores the text strings used by the TOC entries, is composed by 3 tables in this order:
*'''text_string_table''' (to store localized language texts from TextTree entries)
*'''label_string_table''' (to store the labels of all the entries that uses labels)
*'''event_string_table''' (to store the values of the attributes used by some entries, either "native" or "script" events)


*Strings are null terminated (ends in 0x00)
*Strings are aligned to 4 bytes boundary (padding at the end of every string when needed)

==Pointer tables==
This area works as an external index of the TOC, stores <abbr title="unlike in TOC table that are relative">absolute</abbr> pointers to all the chiildren of the "tree" TOC entries, is composed by 6 tables in this order:
*'''text_tree_pointer_table'''
*'''image_tree_pointer_table'''
*'''model_tree_pointer_table'''
*'''sound_tree_pointer_table'''
*'''object_tree_pointer_table'''
*'''anim_tree_pointer_table'''


*Every pointer is 0x04 bytes length
*The other "trees" children that doesnt uses a pointer table are: MainTree (is not needed because its children are the other "trees"), ScriptTree (because doesnt have children), and FontTree because ?????<!--i cant imagine why but there must be a good reason-->
*The existence of this area with pointers seems to be related with the fact that is posible to use a whole file compression (by setting it in the header at offset 0x0C) that compresses the TOC. Also when loading the .RCO file in the RAM of the console probably is "cropped" in parts and the TOC is kept in a memory area with all the other RCO files and is posible to read the relative offsets directlly from the TOC and deprecate the absolute offsets from the pointers tables<!--or something like that, if someone can explain it please help rewriting this-->

==Data tables==
This area stores files that can be compressed individually (or not) as specifyed by the attributes of some entries in the TOC, is composed by 3 tables in this order:
*'''image_data_table''' (to store the files used by ImageTree entries)
*'''sound_data_table''' (to store the files used by SoundTree entries)
*'''model_data_table''' (to store the files used by ModelTree entries)


*Files are aligned to 4 bytes boundary (padding at the end of every file when needed)

=RCO compression methods=
<!--initially was not compressed, and what is explained here seems to be obsolete, later it was compressed in sections, i guess in separated groups for each "tree" represented in the rcoxml the purpose of this is for the console to access one "tree" of the hierarchy independlly without the need to decompress the whole table, for performance-->

When the TOC table is compressed at beginning there are 3 values related with the compression (otherway if the table is not compressed this 3 values doesnt exists)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Offset !! Length !! Name !! Example !! Notes !! Speculation
|-
| 0x00 || 0x04 || '''lenPacked''' ||  || Packed size of all the table sections || 
|-
| 0x04 || 0x04 || '''lenUnpacked''' ||  || Unpacked size of all the table sections || 
|-
| 0x08 || 0x04 || '''lenLongestText''' ||  || length of the longest language's text data (unpacked)<br>if the compressed area doesn't contains any language text the value is 0 || 
|}


{{File Formats}}
<noinclude>[[Category:Main]]</noinclude>