Editing Hardware flashing

[[Category:Hardware]]
<div style="float:right">[[File:Progskeet wiring to NANDs COK-002-idone-SAM 1765.jpg|200px|thumb|left|Progskeet wired to NANDs of a COK-002 board (photo:idone)]]<br />
[[File:PS3_Hardware.JPG|200px|thumb|left|Typical NOR flashing requires 16 Data wires, 23 Address wires and 3-4 control wires to the NOR pads (photo:defyboy)]]</div>
= intro=
Before you think this is going to be easy, let me explain why not:
* 18 SKU´s (15 different: [[CECHAxx]] · [[CECHBxx]] · [[CECHCxx]] · [[CECHExx]] · [[CECHGxx]] · [[CECHHxx]] · [[CECHJxx]] · [[CECHKxx]] · [[CECHLxx]] · [[CECHMxx]] · [[CECHPxx]] · [[CECHQxx]] · [[CECH-20xx]] · [[CECH-21xx]] · [[CECH-25xx]] · [[CECH-30xx]] · [[CECH-40xx]])
** with 13 different motherboards ([[COK-00x|COK-001]] · [[COK-00x|COK-002]] · [[COK-00x|COK-002W]] · [[SEM-00x]] · [[DIA-00x]] · [[VER-00x]] · [[DYN-00x]] · [[SUR-00x]] · [[JTP-00x]] · [[JSD-00x]] · [[KTE-00x]] · [[MSX-00x]])
*** 9 flashtypes (NAND: Samsung [[K9F1G08U0A-PIB0]] · Samsung [[K9F1G08U0B-PIB0]] · Samsung [[K9F2G08U0M]] / NOR: Macronix [[MX29GL128ELT2I-90G]] · [[MX29GL128FLT2I]], Samsung [[K8P2716UZC-QI4D]] · [[K8Q2815UQB-PI4B]], Spansion [[S29GL128N90TFIR2]] · [[S29GL128P90TFIR2]])
* 4 powering options (console powered yes/no, flasher selfpowered yes/no)
* more than 6 hardware flashers ([[Infectus]], [[Noraliser]], NORway' [[Teensy++ 2.0]], [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] / [[Progskeet 1.2]], [[E3]], [[PNM]], [[PIC32MX]])
but even with that amazing number of possible variations, it all comes down to '''2 seperate diagrams to use: NAND or NOR'''.

== Hardware Flashers ==
Both early launch consoles which feature [[Flash_%28Hardware%29#NAND | NAND flash]] memory (block devices, that interleave their data unlike [[Flash_%28Hardware%29#NOR | NOR flash]]) and later consoles which feature [[Flash_%28Hardware%29#NOR | NOR flash]] memory are able to be flashed.
=== Different Flashers ===

==== Infectus ====
...

==== Noraliser ====
Marcan has made a [[:File:Marcan-noraliser-asbestos.jpg|NOR flasher / address sniffer]] for his PS3 slim by re-purposing a FPGA board ([http://www.xilinx.com/support/documentation/data_sheets/ds312.pdf Xilinx Spartan3E XC3S500E]) made for Wii hacking. [[Noraliser]] is a git repo that contains the HDL (verilog) and associated host computer tools for flashing/sniffing. There are ~50 signals to solder.

==== NORway ====
Work has been underway to brink a low cost AVR ([http://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/7593S.pdf Atmel 90USB1286]) based NOR flasher that is capable of reading and writing on all consoles by defyboy. This was opensourced and further enhanced, now known as NORway for [[Teensy++ 2.0]] boards.

==== Progskeet ====
Other people haven't been sitting idle either: uf6667 and bmx have developed [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]], based on an [http://www.actel.com/documents/PA3_DS.pdf Actel A3P125 FPGA] for NAND and NOR based consoles (not only PS3, but also useable for Wii and Xbox360). Later followed up by [[Progskeet 1.2]], which was anounced to get an open API.
Although highly hyped/marketed as universal flasher, it is not the recommended end user choice: long history of issues, long time between fixes, no clear support path etc.

==== PNM ====
"No_One" has developed [[PNM]] - The PS3 NOR Manager is a custom board based on a FPGA ([http://www.altera.com/products/devices/cyclone3/overview/cy3-overview.html Altera Cyclone3 EP3C25]) and 2 flash sockets. PNM is capable to handle the basic features like read/dump/update/copy but also to swap (hot swap or cold swap) the NOR used. It also enbles features to sniff bus activities, emulate NOR flash etc.

==== PIC32MX ====
[[PIC32MX]] is an opensource PIC based NOR flasher.

==== E3 ====
The [[E3]] is a China commercial developped PS3 only 'flasher'.<br />
It uses  MCU ARM 32BIT 256K FLASH 144LQFP - STM32F103ZCT6 controller to dump the NOR.

=== Comparison ===
{{ Flash types and models used by PS3}}

{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="#999" class="wikitable" style="border:1px solid #999; border-collapse: collapse;" 
|+ PS3 Flashers compatibility
! rowspan="3"  | Flasher !! rowspan="13" {{cellcolors|lightgrey}} !! colspan="7" | [[SKU_Models#PS3_Fat|PS3 Fat]] !! rowspan="13" {{cellcolors|lightgrey}} !! colspan="5" | [[SKU_Models#PS3_Slim|PS3 Slim]] !! rowspan="13" {{cellcolors|lightgrey}} !! rowspan="3" | notes
|-
! [[CECHAxx|CECHA]]<br />[[CECHBxx|CECHB]] !! [[CECHCxx|CECHC]]<br />[[CECHExx|CECHE]] !! [[CECHExx|CECHE]] !! [[CECHGxx|CECHG]] !! [[CECHHxx|CECHH]] !! [[CECHJxx|CECHJ]]<br />[[CECHKxx|CECHK]] !! [[CECHLxx|CECHL]]<br />[[CECHMxx|CECHM]]<br />[[CECHPxx|CECHP]]<br />[[CECHQxx|CECHQ]] !! [[CECH-20xx|CECH-20xx]] !! [[CECH-21xx|CECH-21xx]] !! [[CECH-25xx|CECH-25xx]] !! [[CECH-25xx|CECH-25xx]] !! [[CECH-30xx|CECH-30xx]]
|-
! [[COK-00x#COK-001|COK<br />001]] !! [[COK-00x#COK-002|COK<br />002]] !! [[COK-00x#COK-002W|COK<br />002W]] !! [[SEM-00x|SEM<br />001]] !! [[DIA-00x#DIA-001|DIA<br />001]] !! [[DIA-00x#DIA-002|DIA<br />002]] !! [[VER-00x|VER<br />001]] !! [[DYN-00x|DYN<br />001]] !! [[SUR-00x|SUR<br />001]] !! [[JTP-00x|JTP<br />001]] !! [[JSD-00x|JSD<br />001]] !! [[KTE-00x|KTE<br />001]]
|-
| [[Infectus]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || NAND only
|-
| [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || advertised Universal NAND + NOR + SPI
|-
| [[Progskeet 1.2]] || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || advertised Universal NAND + NOR + SPI
|-
| [[Progskeet 1.21]] || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{Issues}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || advertises Universal NAND + NOR + SPI
|-
| [[Teensy++ 2.0]]: NANDway / NORway || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || OpenSource / OpenHardware + works for NAND + NOR
|-
| [[PNM]] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || OpenSource / OpenHardware
|-
| [[Noraliser]] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || Not commercially avail.
|-
| [[PIC32MX]] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || OpenSource / OpenHardware
|-
| [[E3]] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || 1 console only (unless you use the Samsung multi console update)
|-
! connection type !! colspan="4" | NAND layout 1 !! colspan="2" | NOR layout 1 !! colspan="1" | NOR layout 2 || colspan="1" | NOR layout 3 !! colspan="4" | NOR layout 4 !! 
|-
|}

{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="#999" class="wikitable sortable" style="border:1px solid #999; border-collapse: collapse;" 
|+ PS3 Flashers features
! Feature !! [[Infectus]] !! [[PNM]] !! [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] !! [[Progskeet 1.2]] / [[Progskeet 1.21|1.21]] !! [[Teensy++ 2.0]]<br />NANDway / NORway !! [[PIC32MX]] !! [[E3]] !! Remarks
|-
| Use CFI || ? || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || ? || ? || Common Flash Memory Interface writing strategies (Progkseet can dump CFI, but doesnt use it directly for writestrategy)
|-
| PS3 NAND Support<br /><small>(see above table)</small> || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || E3 supports NAND with later 'to be released' edition  
|-
| PS3 NOR Support<br /><small>(see above table)</small> || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Issues}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || Users reporting NOR writing problems on Progskeet 1.2 / 1.21
|-
| Solderless || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || Solderless is optional for E3 (but still requires soldering tristate).
NOR/NAND solderless clip for [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] are already available now.
Announced for PNM near future.
|-
| OpenSource || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} ||  
|-
| OpenHardware || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} ||  
|-
| Updateable || JTAG || USB || JTAG || JTAG || USB || ISP || microSD ||  
|-
| Onboard Flash || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || Instant-on dual firmware for PNM using a jumper // E3 uses flash on driveboard, not internal
|-
| Dual Boot solution || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || Real quick dualboot requires dual flash (and user to swap the harddrive)
|-
| File Transfer Protocol || USB || X-Modem || USB || USB || USB ||  ||  ||  
|-
| Mass Production || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || PNM V2 might be mass produced
|-
| X360 NAND Support || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || 
|-
| Wii NAND Support || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || 
|-
|}

== Generic Warning ==
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="#999" class="wikitable" style="border:1px solid #999; border-collapse: collapse;" 
|-
! style="background-color:red!important;" | <span style="background-color:lightred; color:white;">Generic Warning</span>
|-
| <span style="white; color:red!important; font-size:180%; ">Make sure you have several proper dumps of your flash before even trying writing to it! Use unpacking tools (e.g. Norunpack, Flowrebuilder, Norpatch etc.) and hexeditors (e.g. HxD) and use [[Flash]] page as reference.
* CRC/MD5 is not a method to check your flash (if it is bad, you are only comparing if the other file is equally bad).
* Also make sure you checked the content of the flash, Flowrebuilder, Norunpack only looks for image header and unpacks without warnings and without checking the content.

See also: [[Validating flash dumps]]

You cannot recover from bad flash without proper dumps (e.g. bricking the console beyond repair).</span>
|-
|}

== NAND Wiring ==
Flashers for NAND based consoles (CECHA/COK-001, CECHB/COK-001, CECHC/COK-002, CECHD/unreleased, CECHE/COK-002W, CECHF/unreleased, CECHG/SEM-001) are generaly wired directly to the pins of the NAND ('''you cannot use the testpoints!'''), plus ground and Vcc. For NAND pinouts see: [[Flash (Hardware) #NAND]]

There are 2 nands interleaved at the 512byte sectors level, giving a 1024 byte "interleaved sector". pages are 2kb on each nand.

=== Which NAND is low (NAND 0)/high (NAND 1)? ===
* COK-001 :
** IC3802 LOW (<abbr title="main componentside with SATA connector, CELL BE, RSX etc">main componentside</abbr> next to [[Starship2]])
** IC3803 HIGH (backside next to 60-pin BD ATA connector) 

* COK-002 + COK-002W :
** [[:File:CECHC NAND-IC3802.JPG|IC3802 LOW]] (<abbr title="main componentside with SATA connector, CELL BE, RSX etc">main componentside</abbr> between SATA connector and [[South Bridge]])
** [[:File:CECHC-NAND-IC3803.JPG|IC3803 HIGH]] (<abbr title="main componentside with SATA connector, CELL BE, RSX etc.">main componentside</abbr> between SATA connector and [[Connectors#CN2401_12P|AV Multi connector]])

* SEM-001 :
** IC3802 LOW (backside)
** IC3803 HIGH (main componentside with SATA connector, CELL BE, RSX etc.)

=== SMD parts connecting to the NANDs ===
* NAND0:
** R3841 : 2200 {{ohm}} (between SS2_XFRB0 / RB#-pin7 and +3.3_SB_VDDIO/VCC as pullup)
** R3812 : xx (between SS2_XFWP0 and WP#-pin19)
** R3813 : 0 {{ohm}} (between +3.3_SB_VDDIO and WP#-pin19 as always pulled up WP#)
** C3823 : 0.1{{micro}}F B 10V (between GND-pin13 and +3.3_SB_VDDIO/VCC-pin12 for filtering)
** C3824 : 0.1{{micro}}F B 10V (between GND-pin36 and +3.3_SB_VDDIO/VCC-pin37 for filtering)

* NAND1:
** R3840 : 2200 {{ohm}} (between SS2_XFRB1 / RB#-pin7 and +3.3_SB_VDDIO/VCC as pullup)
** R3814 : xx (between SS2_XFWP1 and WP#-pin19)
** R3815 : 0 {{ohm}} (between +3.3_SB_VDDIO and WP#-pin19 as always pulled up WP#)
** C3825 : 0.1{{micro}}F B 10V (between GND-pin13 and +3.3_SB_VDDIO/VCC-pin12 for filtering)
** C3826 : 0.1{{micro}}F B 10V (between GND-pin36 and +3.3_SB_VDDIO/VCC-pin37 for filtering)

Effect when lost:
* Without RB# pullup parts (pin19) it cannot be read or written with adequate timings (only with a flasher can slow down writing and not by PS3)
* Without WP# pullup parts (pin7) it cannot be written (only with a flasher that pullup WP# and not by PS3)
* Without VCC filter parts (pins 12+37) it cannot be read nor written (only with a flasher that injects VCC and not by PS3)

=== Pinout Table ===
{{NAND-Flashertable}}
Remarks:
* [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] is feeded from NAND 3.3V
* Infectus is feeded from +5V board trace.
* NAND's are feeded in both cases by the console itself.

[[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] Note: Some modification is needed for [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] to unbrick:
* desolder R8 from the [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] PCB (to disable the connection from pad R8 to left pad R7)
* left pin of [http://www.google.com/search?um=1&hl=nl&safe=off&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=switch+toggle toggle switch] to left lead of R7, middle pin of [http://www.google.com/search?um=1&hl=nl&safe=off&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=switch+toggle toggle switch] to right lead of R7
* Vcc to +3.3 // put [http://www.google.com/search?um=1&hl=nl&safe=off&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=switch+toggle toggle switch] in "OFF" (right) postion, power on the ps3, put the [http://www.google.com/search?um=1&hl=nl&safe=off&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=switch+toggle toggle switch] in the "ON"/left position, it will be recognized by the PC, NAND is always on now, do everything as usual''.

=== NAND + clips ===
First make sure everything is correct:
* Connect the flasher to the "Y" NAND adapterboard and from there connect the NAND clips to the "Y" NAND adapterboard.
* Install flasher application
* Connect flasher to PC
* Install drivers with zadig.exe (select winusb for latest Winskeet, libusb0 is only for older versions)
* Use the "Check for Shorts" option in the flasherapplication.
Make sure the clips are fitted correctly over the NANDs:
* note the markerdot for pin1 (both on clip and NAND package)
* make sure all pins make contact
* check if it is all the way down to the PCB evenly and no components surrounding the NAND are preventing it from going down proper (might need some filing to make room).
* You can take the topcap off the clip if you need, and can use hotglue ''on the outsides'' to further fixate it.
Preparing console further:
* Replace the thermalcompound (e.g. Arctic Cooling MX-4) for the heatsink : [[CELL BE]] and [[RSX]] and reassemble the heatsink+fan.
* Connect the [[Power Supply]], [[Harddrive]] and the power/resetbutton subboard
* For dumping/reflashing it is not needed to connect the [[Bluray Drive]] or the [[Bluetooth]]+[[Wifi]] board (ofcourse you are going to need them when installing a firmware)
Usage after all is connected:
* First connect flasher to pc
* Use the PS3 to power the NANDs.
[[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] specific:
* On NAND tab, you click NAND 1 and select 'auto'
* On NAND tab, you click NAND 2 and select 'auto'
* If it fails, it means it is not connected correctly

=== Using NAND flashers ===

==== [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] ====
Method 1 (with R7 switch and R8 closed):
 put switch in "OFF" (R7 is open) position so that [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] is not powered.
 power on the ps3 and wait for 10-15 seconds (sometimes shorter time is needed),
 put the switch in the "ON" (R7 closed) position, so [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] is powered and will be recognized by the PC.
 NAND is always on now, do everything as usual
 &nbsp;   
 select Big Block
 select Raw
 Pages per block: 64
 blocks: 1024
 &nbsp;   
 That will give you 132MB (138,412,032 bytes) per NAND (dump time ~ 00:02:40 per NAND)
 &nbsp;  
 For normal console operation (e.g. after you dumped, flashed/downgraded it):
 you need switch to "on" (R7 closed) and [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] USB disconnected.

Method 2 (with R7 open / R8 closed):
 1. Remove USB cable from your PC
 2. Open up [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] flashing software (use latest) and on Common tab: select the flash you have @ Presets
 3. Power on PS3 and wait 10-15 seconds (sometimes shorter time is needed),
 4. Plug in the USB cable to your PC
 5. [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] will be recognised and you can now go ahead and dump
 For normal console operation (e.g. after you dumped, flashed/downgraded it):
 you need to disconnect the USB cable to your PC

===== downloads =====
All '''current''' downloads are available [http://www.progskeet.com/download.php here] / all backup/mirror are [http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/ here]

==== Infectus ====
For Infectus don't use 3.9.9.0, as it removes dual NAND PS3 support :S If your board already came with this version or higher, use this: [http://www.multiupload.com/06EMHFCKN3 prepare_infectus_for_ps3.rar (5.53 MB)] If it is done, it will show up as "2 NAND Programmer" in the bottom left.
Dual NAND PS3 compatible version: [http://www.multiupload.com/4L1JXGOFOF Infectus_programmer_3.8_Beta_2.zip (4.02 MB)]

Power the Infectus, it crashes the PS3 and leaves the NANDs in powered mode. Use the console to power the NANDs: power it up until the PS3 crashes and halts with red flashing LED, press power again to stop the flashing, but keeps the console powered on. The NANDs are not accessed by the PS3 in this way, so it doesn't matter if the NAND content is already messed up. After that, you can read/write the NANDs.

Dumping of single NAND should take about 15 minutes, 30 minutes for both.

==== Needed NAND tools ====
In case the flasher program doesnt understand dual NAND de/interleaving you'll need  : [http://psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Flowrebuilder/ FlowRebuilder]

=====Flowrebuilder options=====
*(NAND only) Unscramble then interleave flashes into one unified dump : Makes a single dump.bin from 2 seperate NAND flash dumps.
** In the second step it also extract the content of the unified dump. Make sure it extracts correctly (it will give no warning if it fails!) and all the needed files are there.
*(NAND only) Re-scramble modified dump then de-interleave it into two new flashes : Splits the single dump.bin into 2 seperate NAND flash dumps.
*Byte reverse and extract a NOR  dump file : First byte reverse the single dump.bin then extract NOR content.
*Extract a Byte reversed NOR dump or an interleaved and unscrambled NAND dump : Extract the single dump.bin

===== Extracted flash content files =====
<span style="color:red!important;">(make sure they are all there, flowrebuilder will not give warning when it fails!)</span>:
* bootloader_0
* bootloader_1
* cCSD
* cISD
* creserved_0
* cvtrm
* eEID
* trvk_pkg
* trvk_prg
* \asecure_loader\metldr
* \ros\<nowiki>[two seperate folders named to FW version]</nowiki>\[[Boot_Order#CoreOS_PKG_Filelisting|CoreOS files]] (19 up to 25 files, depending the FW version)

Notes: if it only extracted bootloader_0 + bootloader_1, check that both NANDs are dumped correct (known error with flashers that has bug with second NAND channel to read),

=== Dump NAND from GameOS ===
[http://psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/USB%20Flash%20Dump/ USB Flash Dump] // source/mirror: 
[http://gitbrew.org/~glevand/ps3/pkgs/dump_flash.pkg dump_flash.pkg]<br />
Make sure USB stick is FAT32 with enough free space (256MB per dump)

=== Dumping NAND from Linux ===
 dd if=/dev/ps3flash of=NAND.BIN bs=1024
or
 dd if=/dev/ps3vflasha of=NAND.BIN bs=1024
(needs unmasking first, see below)

=== Difference between hardware dumps and software dumps ===
ps3vflasha

==== hardware dumps ====
256 MB (268,435,456 bytes)
bootldr is at 0x000000 on NAND (0xFC0000 on NOR)

==== software dumps ====
dump size = 239 MB (251,396,096 bytes)<br />
bootldr not at 0x000000 on NAND :

 00000000   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
 00000010   00 00 00 00 0F AC E0 FF  00 00 00 00 DE AD BE EF   .....Â¬Ã Ã¿....ÃžÂÂ¾Ã¯

reason:
 addi    %r12, %r4, 0x200 # r4 = start sector

256MB NAND consoles have a hidden section of size 0x40000 (0x200 * 512 byte sector = 0x40000) hidden by the hv. The hv hides it at address 002786E8 

Original code : 0x39840200f8010090<br />
Change to : 0x39840000f8010090

===== as seen in unself'ed LV1.self (Hypervisor) =====
<pre>3.15:
    Offset(h) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F
    00098D20                                      39 84 02 00              9„..
    00098D30  F8 01 00 90                                      ø...</pre>
<pre>3.41:
    Offset(h) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F
    000986A0  39 84 02 00 F8 01 00 90                          9„..ø...</pre>

{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="#999" class="wikitable" style="border:1px solid #999; border-collapse: collapse;" 
|-
! style="background-color:red!important;" id="Brick warning" | <span style="background-color:lightred; color:white;">Brick warning - Peek/Poke only</span>
|-
| [[#Brick warning]]<span style="white; color:red!important;">

TCL: http://pastebin.com/Snh4ERQ6 (Don't use, BRICK RISK, see below)<br />

'''Too dangerous to patch unless you peek/poke because obviously it messes with all the offsets'''</span>
|-
|}

===== Guide to unbrick from above situation =====

Here's my guide http://www.mediafire.com/?76bw1vd1m65bkk4 . I haven't tested it yet, but it should work on COK-001

=== 'NOR' Interface Testpoints on NAND consoles ===
Simular as on the NOR based consoles testpoints can be found on the back of the PCB. It seems these are from the bus between the [[South Bridge]] and the [[Starship2]]. Attempts have been made to document/trace these. Addresslines 0-17 and Datalines 0-15 as well as some controllines are documented but so far these could not be used to read/flash the console in a NOR fashion.

=== TriState on NAND consoles ===
using [[Starship2]] to [[South Bridge]] BRDY /SS2_BRDY 
* CECHA (COK-001): [[EBUS]] jl:9309 (page 20 of servicemanual) / (named BRDY in [[:File:COK-001-NOR_1.jpg]])
* CECHC + CECHE (COK-002): [[EBUS]] jl:9309 (page 20 of servicemanual)
* CECHG (SEM001): [[EBUS]] jl:9309 (page 21 of servicemanual) / (named SB_TRI in [[:File:SEM-001-tristate.jpg]])

== NOR Interface Testpoints ==
Probably to aid in factory programming, Sony provides NOR testpoints on the bottomside of the motherboard. There are 16 data lines (Word access) and generally 23 Address lines. You will also need to control Chip Enable (#CE), Write Enable (#WE), Tristate (SB_DISABLE) and for some boards Write Protect (#WP)

=== Tristate ===
Tristate, or as it is referred to in the service manuals SB_DISABLE exists solely for the purpose of placing the [[South Bridge]] pins into high-impedance (aka the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-state_logic third state logic]) so that we can access the flash without the [[South Bridge]] interfering.

When the southbridge pins are in tristate is like if southbridge (and all peripherals connected to it) where disconnected from the main circuit, the PS3 powers up normally (fans, etc) but it won't boot up to the XMB screen because some components of the motherboard are not found, it just sits there with a black screen

Because the tristate pin is not connected to the [[Flash (Hardware) | Flash]] TSOP package, but to the [[South Bridge]] BGA package, this makes tracing the pin quite difficult. One should be able to locate it by having the running you could ground out the unknown pins whilst checking the continuity of a known address or data line against ground. These should enter high-impedance or no-continuity when you ground out SB_DISABLE.

=== Connecting NOR pads to flasher ===
{{NOR-Flashertable}}

==== [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] notes ====
Some modification is needed for [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] to unbrick:
* desolder R8 from the [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] PCB
* left pin of switch to left lead of R7, middle pin of switch to right lead of R7
* Vcc to +3.3 // put switch in "OFF" (right) postion, power on the ps3, put the switch in the "ON"/left position, it will be recognized by the PC, NOR is always on now, do everything as usual''.

==== PNM notes ====
* PNM requires a +5V_EVER from the PS3 motherboard in "PS3 mode"
* PNM requires a +5V from a USB port in "standalone mode". It then provides a +3.3V to the embedded NOR.

==== Teensy notes ====
* The Teensy requires a 3.3V voltage regulator! 5V trace has to be cut and 3V pads have to be shorted! Please refer to https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/3volt.html <br />

==== E3 debricking notes ====
* Requires soldering wire from SBE (solderpad on NOR flatcable) to TRISTATE (NORpoint on PS3 motherboard)
* Make sure you have correct firmware on SD/TF card
* E3 switches set as 1:Flash fun, 2: OFW, 3: Prog, 4: microSD, 5: PS3 Flash, 6: Lock with the console power disconnected.
* Turn on console to restore (progress LEDs will light up one by one and blink if successfully).
* Unplug powercable and set 1:Flash fun down to PS3 Mode and turn on the PS3, if everything went fine, it will now be debricked (remember: in case syscon has 3.56+ hashes, you need prepatched LV1, see downgrader guides).<br />
<!--// [http://www.multiupload.com/3IHN3VZYZG English-E3 FLASHER repair method if console bricked.pdf (424.95 KB)] //-->
<!--// should later link to http://www.psdevwiki.com/index.php?title=E3 itself //-->

=== Speed comparison NOR flashers ===
<!--// Tabelised content : Performance Teensy: quoted from NORway documentation: 0:05:11 for a full dump/read (52,68 KB/s), 0:01:35 per sector write or 2:08:19 for a full write (2,12 KB/s). Teensy speed according to other sources: 0:00:45 for a full dump/read (364 KB/s), 0:00:05.351 per sector write or 0:08:19 for a full write (32,83 KB/s). Comparison with [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]]: 0:00:16 for a full dump/read (~1MB/s), 0:00:00.365 per sector write or 0:00:46.811 for a full write (~300-400KB/s). //-->
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="#999" class="wikitable" style="border:1px solid #999; border-collapse: collapse;" 
|- bgcolor="#cccccc"
!  colspan="9" | Speed comparison NOR flashers
|-
!  !! colspan="2" | [[Teensy++ 2.0]]<br />(NORway 0.1) !! colspan="2" | [[Teensy++ 2.0]]<br />(NORway 0.3) !! colspan="2" | [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] !! colspan="2" | [[PNM]]<br />(X-Modem - 460800 baud)
|-
!  !! &nbsp;time (h:mm:ss)&nbsp; !! &nbsp;speed&nbsp;(KB/sec)&nbsp; !! &nbsp;time (h:mm:ss)&nbsp; !! &nbsp;speed&nbsp;(KB/sec)&nbsp; !! &nbsp;time (h:mm:ss)&nbsp; !! &nbsp;speed&nbsp;(KB/sec)&nbsp; !! &nbsp;time (h:mm:ss)&nbsp; !! &nbsp;speed&nbsp;(KB/sec)&nbsp;
|-
| Full dump/read (16 MB) &nbsp; || &nbsp;0:05:11&nbsp; || &nbsp;52,68 KB/s&nbsp; || &nbsp;0:00:45&nbsp; || &nbsp;364,08 KB/s&nbsp; || &nbsp;0:00:16&nbsp; || &nbsp;1024 KB/s&nbsp; || &nbsp;0:45:43&nbsp; || &nbsp;6,1 KB/s&nbsp;
|-
| Per sector write(128 KB) &nbsp; || &nbsp;0:01:35&nbsp; || &nbsp;1,35 KB/s&nbsp; || &nbsp;0:00:05.351&nbsp; || &nbsp;23,92 KB/s&nbsp; || &nbsp;0:00:00.365&nbsp; || &nbsp;350,69 KB/s&nbsp; || &nbsp;0:00:16.12&nbsp; || &nbsp;7,90 KB/s&nbsp;
|-
| Full dump/write (16 MB) &nbsp; || &nbsp;2:08:19&nbsp; || &nbsp;2,12 KB/s&nbsp; || &nbsp;0:08:19&nbsp; || &nbsp;32,83 KB/s&nbsp; || &nbsp;0:00:46.811&nbsp; || &nbsp;350,00 KB/s&nbsp; || &nbsp;0:34:56&nbsp; || &nbsp;7,90 KB/s&nbsp;
|-
| Full CRC32 (16 MB) &nbsp; || || || || || || || &nbsp;0:01:30&nbsp; || &nbsp;182,04 KB/s&nbsp;
|-
|-
| Full copy NOR-NOR (16 MB) &nbsp; || || || || || || || &nbsp;0:04:59&nbsp; || &nbsp;54,61 KB/s&nbsp;
|-
|}

=== Using NOR flashers ===

==== [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] ====
Method 1 (with R7 switch and R8 closed):
 1. Unplug the PS3 powercable from the back
 2. Open up [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] flashing software (use latest) and on Common tab: select the flash you have @ Presets
 3. Set the R7 switch to "off"
 4. Plug the PS3 powercable back in and Power on the PS3
 5. Wait 10 seconds and set the R7 switch to "on" to power [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] (sometimes shorter time is needed)
 6. [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] will be recognised and you can now go ahead and dump
 For normal console operation (e.g. after you dumped, flashed/downgraded it):
 you need switch to "on" (R7 closed) and [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] USB disconnected.

Method 2 (with R7 open / R8 closed):
 1. Remove USB cable from your PC
 2. Open up [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] flashing software (use latest) and on Common tab: select the flash you have @ Presets
 3. Power on PS3 and wait 10 seconds (sometimes shorter time is needed)
 4. Plug in the USB cable to your PC
 5. [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] will be recognised and you can now go ahead and dump
 For normal console operation (e.g. after you dumped, flashed/downgraded it):
 you need to disconnect the USB cable to your PC

==== NORway ====

 Usage: %s serialport [command] [filename] [address]
     
 serialport  Name of serial port to open (eg. COM1, COM2, /dev/ttyACM0, etc)
 command     dump       Reads entire NOR to [filename]
             erase      Erases one sector (128KB) at [address]
             write      Flashes (read-erase-modify-write-verify) [filename]
                        at [address] to NOR
             writeimg   Same as write, but prepend a 16-byte length header
                        [address] is required
             program    Flashes (erase-write-verify) [filename]
                        at [address] to NOR
             release    Releases NOR interface, so the PS3 can boot
 filename    Filename for [dump|write|writeimg|program]
 address     Address for [erase|write|writeimg|program]
             Default is 0x0, address must be aligned (multiple of 0x20000)

==== PNM ====

 serialport  (COM1, COM2, etc) - 460800 baud - 8N1
 X-Modem protocol for file transfers
 &nbsp;
             copy_memory             Copies entire NOR to another NOR
             read_memory             Reads 0x80 bytes from a specified offset
             dump_memory             Reads entire NOR to a file (byte swap "on the fly")
             update_memory           Flashes entire NOR from a file (byte swap "on the fly")
             display_memory_crc      Displays NOR CRC32
             display_memory_details  Displays NOR details (size, firmware version, etc) 
 &nbsp;
 PNM uses the Common Flash Interface standard (almost all current flash can be dumped/updated)

==== Needed NOR tools ====
* norunpack (usage: norunpack dump.b directory) git: http://git.dashhacks.com/ps3free/ps3tools
* [http://www.multiupload.com/BOVOI6OA2V FlowRebuilder v.4.2.0.1.rar (379.34 KB)]

If your dump starts like this: http://pastebin.com/sS69Vhvf you'll need to use the option "¨Byte reverse and extract a NOR dump file" of Flowrebuilder, which will output a  inputfile.REV file

=== Dump NOR from GameOS ===
[http://gitbrew.org/~glevand/ps3/pkgs/dump_flash.pkg dump_flash.pkg]   // backup/mirror: [http://www.multiupload.com/Y1G1G7E4J4 dump_flash.pkg (70.48 KB)]<br />
Make sure USB stick is FAT32 with enough free space (16MB per dump) 
Note: This application takes about 120 minutes to complete the dump, tested on a PS3 80GB CECHL04

=== Dumping NOR from Linux ===
 dd if=/dev/ps3nflasha of=NOR.BIN bs=1024

== Board Revisions ==
For overview of used types, see [[Flash_%28Hardware%29#Retail | flashtypes table]]

=== NAND boards - [[COK-00x|COK-001]], [[COK-00x|COK-002]], [[COK-00x|COK-002W]], [[SEM-00x|SEM-001]] ===
These are the earliest revisions of the PS3 motherboards: [[CECHAxx|CECHA]]/[[COK-00x|COK-001]], [[CECHBxx|CECHB]]/[[COK-00x|COK-001]], [[CECHCxx|CECHC]]/[[COK-00x|COK-002]], [[CECHExx|CECHE]]/[[COK-00x|COK-002W]], [[CECHGxx|CECHG]]/[[SEM-00x|SEM-001]] and contain 2x NAND chips for a total of 256MB. These chips are interleaved which is controlled by a proprietary controller chip codenamed "[[Starship2]]" or SS2. This chip handles the interleaving and presents the NAND Chips to the [[South Bridge]] as a single large coherent flash over a proprietary [[EBUS]].<br />
Wiring: direct to NAND flash or using boardtraces to NANDs - '''don't use the testpoints'''.

=== NOR layout1 - [[DIA-00x|DIA-001]], [[DIA-00x|DIA-002]] ===
'''[[DIA-00x|DIA-001]]''': These boards were the first to get single NOR flash] memory from the middle revisions of the PS3: [[CECHHxx|CECHH]]/[[DIA-00x|DIA-001]], [[CECHKxx|CECHK]]/[[DIA-00x|DIA-002]]. Only a single 16MB NOR flash chip is used and the [[Starship2]] chip has been completely removed. The 128N is JEDEC CFI compliant and organized as 8,388,608 words or 16,777,216 bytes, addressable as 16-bit words (PS3 modus operandi) and 8-bit / 1 byte when the BYTE# signal is logic zero.

'''[[DIA-00x|DIA-002]]''': the pinout is same as [[DIA-00x|DIA-001]], the only difference is that DIA-002 doesnt have a WP# testpoint but since it's connected to VCC it is not needed.

=== NOR layout2 - [[VER-00x|VER-001]] ===
Used in the last revisions of the fatter model PS3 ([[CECHLxx|CECHL]], [[CECHMxx|CECHM]], [[CECHPxx|CECHP]], [[CECHQxx|CECHQ]]). Single 16MB NOR.

=== NOR layout3 - [[DYN-00x|DYN-001]] ===
Used in [[CECH-20xx|CECH-20xx]]. The [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] and teensy pinouts match the teensy picture provided on this page even though it states it's the pinout for [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]]. Single 16MB NOR.

=== NOR layout4 - [[SUR-00x|SUR-001]], [[JTP-00x|JTP-001]], [[JSD-00x|JSD-001]], [[KTE-00x|KTE-001]] ===

'''[[SUR-00x|SUR-001]]''': Used in [[CECH-21xx|CECH-21xx]]. Some difference in components but the testpoints are the same for [[SUR-00x|SUR-001]], [[JTP-00x|JTP-001]], [[JSD-00x|JSD-001]], [[KTE-00x|KTE-001]]

'''JTP-001''': Used in [[CECH-25xx|CECH-25xx]]. Some difference in components but the testpoints are the same for [[SUR-00x|SUR-001]], [[JTP-00x|JTP-001]], [[JSD-00x|JSD-001]], [[KTE-00x|KTE-001]]

'''JSD-001''': This is the pinout originally supplied by Marcan for a [[CECH-25xx|CECH-2504A]]. Some difference in components but the testpoints are the same for [[SUR-00x|SUR-001]], [[JTP-00x|JTP-001]], [[JSD-00x|JSD-001]], [[KTE-00x|KTE-001]]

'''KTE-001''': Used in [[CECH-30xx|CECH-30xx]]. Some difference in components but the testpoints are the same for [[SUR-00x|SUR-001]], [[JTP-00x|JTP-001]], [[JSD-00x|JSD-001]], [[KTE-00x|KTE-001]]

=== NOR layout5 - [[MSX-00x|MSX-001]], [[MPX-00x|MPX-001]], [[NPX-00x|NPX-001]], [[PPX-00x|PPX-001]] and [[PQX-00x|PQX-001]] ===
'''[[MSX-00x|MSX-001]] and [[MPX-00x|MPX-001]]''': Used in [[CECH-40xx|CECH-40xx]]. Much difference in components positioning (main hearth of the board is 45 degrees rotated), but it still has testpoints.

== Gallery ==
=== Pinout Gallery ===
==== NAND ====
<Gallery>
File:SS2_NOR.JPG|Starship2 '''[[EBUS]]''' Testpoints (NAND board) '''do not use!'''
File:COK-001-NOR.jpg|COK-001 '''[[EBUS]]''' Testpoints (NAND board - only overlay) '''do not use!'''
File:COK-001-NOR_1.jpg|COK-001 '''[[EBUS]]''' Testpoints (NAND board) '''do not use!'''
File:COK-001 NAND traces.jpg|COK-001 boardtraces (NAND board) confirmed

File:COK-002 - EBUS points between Southbridge and StarShip2.jpg|COK-002 '''[[EBUS]]''' Testpoints (NAND board) '''do not use!'''
File:COK-002 - NANDs.jpg|COK-002 - NANDs
File:Boardcok002.jpg|COK-002 boardtraces (NAND board) needs Testing/Confirmation ('''incomplete''': 3 points still missing)
File:COK-002 NAND traces.jpg|COK-002 boardtraces (NAND board) confirmed

File:SEM-001-NANDs-boardtraces-jestero.jpg|SEM-001 boardtraces (NAND board)
File:SEM-001 NAND traces.jpg|SEM-001 boardtraces (NAND board) confirmed

File:Progskeet-Single-NAND-360clip.png|Progskeet - Single NAND - 360clip
File:Nand-360clip-wiiclip-48pin.jpg| NAND TSOP48 360clip (note: no need to connect R/B2 on ps3's)
File:Progskeet-sl nand-adaptorboard-pinout.png|Progskeet SL-NAND adaptorboard
File:1Gbit-NANDclip-Front.jpg|1Gbit NANDclip - Front
File:1Gbit-NANDclip-back.jpg|1Gbit NANDclip - Back

File:Universal NAND TSOP clip.jpg|Universal NAND TSOP clip - Note: this will not fit on the [[COK-002]] NAND next to the SATA connector
File:NANDway-SignalBoosterEdition-to-UNI-48-Clip.jpg|[[Teensy++ 2.0]] NANDway SignalBoosterEdition to Universal NAND TSOP clip
File:NANDway-SignalBoosterEdition.jpg|[[Teensy++ 2.0]] NANDway SignalBoosterEdition

File:Tristate-COK-001.jpg|[[COK-001]] [[EBUS]] Tristate
File:Tristate-COK-002.jpg|[[COK-002]] [[EBUS]] Tristate
File:Tristate-SEM-001.jpg|[[SEM-001]] [[EBUS]] Tristate
</Gallery>

==== NOR ====
<Gallery>
File:DIA-001_NOR.JPG|DIA-001 NOR Testpoints (NOR layout 1)
File:DIA-002_by_DiscoBear.jpg|DIA-002 NOR Testpoints (NOR layout 1)
File:VER-001_NOR-3.3V.JPG|VER-001 NOR Testpoints (NOR layout 2)
File:Ver-001 nor-rev.jpg|VER-001 NOR Testpoints - trisaster.de, '''missing Tristate''' (NOR layout 2)
File:DYN-001_NOR.JPG|DYN-001 NOR Testpoints (NOR layout 3)
File:DYN-001_NOR_-_E3-dual-boot.jpg|DYN-001 NOR Testpoints + dualboot 'AB mod' (NOR layout 3)
File:Dyn 001-progskeet.jpg|DYN-001 NOR Testpoints with progskeet labeling (NOR layout 3)
File:Jtp jsd kte-progskeet.jpg|JSD-001, JTP-001, KTE-001 NOR Testpoints with Progskeet labeling (NOR layout 4)
File:Progskeet-1.2 - JTP001-JSD001-KTE001.jpg|JSD-001, JTP-001, KTE-001 NOR Testpoints with Progskeet 1.2 labeling (NOR layout 4)
File:JSD-001_NOR.JPG|JSD-001 NOR Testpoints (NOR layout 4)
File:JSD-001_NOR_-_nor_testpoints.png|JSD-001 Testpoints - orig. marcan/noraliser (NOR layout 4)
File:JTP-001_-_1-882-481-31.JPG|JTP-001 NOR Testpoints - '''not mapped''' (NOR layout 4)
File:SUR-001_BOTTOM_TESTPOINTS_-NOT_TRACED-.JPG|SUR-001 Nor Testpoints - '''not mapped''' (NOR layout 4)
File:Teensy++ 2.0 NOR testpoints layout 4.png|Teensy++ 2.0 NOR testpoints (NOR layout 4)
File:NOR-PINOUT+ZIF-SolderlessPinout.jpg|NOR Flash general pinout + 50pin ZIF pinout (Progskeet)
File:360-clip-56.png| NOR TSOP56 ZIF 360clip and solderboard (Progskeet)
File:Testpoints - unmapped - as seen on MSX-001.jpg|MSX-001 NOR Testpoints - '''not mapped''' (NOR layout 5)
</Gallery>

=== Other Gallery ===
<Gallery>
File:360Clip NAND rework.jpg| 360Clip NAND rework
File:360Clip_NAND_SMD_why_rework.jpg|360Clip NAND SMD why rework
File:360Clip_NOR_cant_used_for_VER-001_no_space.jpg|360Clip NOR can't be used for VER-001: no space
File:48-nonok.jpg|360Clip modification pin 48
File:CLIP comparison.jpg|CLIP comparison
File:CLIP styles.jpg|CLIP styles
File:COK-002_Nand1_SMD_components_Clip_rework.jpg|COK-002 Nand1 SMD components Clip rework
File:Cutting_pin46_360clip-nor-TOPVIEW.jpg|Cutting pin46 360clip-nor - TOPVIEW
File:Cutting_pin48_and_46_360clip-nor.jpg|Cutting pin48 and 46 360clip-nor
File:Ext_PSU_on_PS3_2.jpg|Ext PSU on PS3
File:Progskeet - NAND-Adaptor PCB (red).png|Progskeet - NAND-Adaptor PCB (red)
File:Progskeet - NAND-Adaptor PCB.png|Progskeet - NAND-Adaptor PCB
File:Nor_damage.jpg|Damaged NOR. The pins are bent to the shape of the opposing pins on the E3 clip.
File:Nor damage 2.jpg|Above view of damaged NOR.
</Gallery>

=== [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] NAND Picture Guide ===
Full guide is here: [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]]
<Gallery>
File:Progskeet Setup - Before.jpg|Before
File:Progskeet Setup - After.jpg|After (R7/R8 + R9/R11 closed)
File:Connect NAND clips - connect 50pin flatcable.jpg|connect 50pin flatcable
File:Connect NAND clips - connect Y-subboard.jpg|connect Y-subboard
File:Connect NAND clips - connect NAND flatcable to Y-subboard.jpg|connect NAND flatcable to Y-subboard
File:Connect NAND clips - connect clip to NAND flatcable.jpg|connect clip to NAND flatcable
File:Connect NAND clips - clip + NAND board.jpg|clip + NAND board
File:Connect NAND clips - NAND board.jpg|NAND board
File:Connect NAND clips - connect to PC.jpg|connect to PC
</Gallery>

== Generic reference ==

=== Torx / Security Bits ===
* http://microcenter.com/product/208022/33-Piece_Security_Bit_Set
* or if you don't have those, use a smaller flat screwdriver, or just remove the center pin.

=== Soldering Guide(s) ===
* http://www.circuitrework.com/guides/7-1-1.shtml
* http://store.curiousinventor.com/guides/Surface_Mount_Soldering/101
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desoldering
** http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field%27s_metal
* http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3OmchO_mDc
* http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SSJGnDHKFQ8

=== Soldering Irons/Stations ===
*Soldering Iron
**http://www.amazon.com/Weller-WM120-120v-Pencil-Soldering/dp/B0000WT586/ (good quality/brand)
**http://www.amazon.com/Coopertools-SP12-Mini-Lightweight-Solder/dp/B00002N7S9/ (low budget variant)
*Classic Station
**http://www.amazon.com/Weller-WES51-Analog-Soldering-Station/dp/B000BRC2XU (good quality/brand)
**http://www.amazon.com/Stahl-Tools-Variable-Temperature-Soldering/dp/B0029N70WM/ (lowest budget variant)
*Hot Air Station
**http://www.amazon.com/Soldering-Station-Iron-Rework-Solder/dp/B004IQLUFG
**http://www.amazon.com/REWORK-SOLDERING-IRON-STATION-852D/dp/B004ZB9D4O

=== Stereo Microscopes ===
Things to look for:
* Good solid mounting
* More overhang to reach large boards
* Ring macrolight
* optional: T2 or otherwise adaptor for cameras
<GALLERY>
File:Stereo Microscope example1.jpg|Stereo Microscope - example 1
File:Stereo Microscope example2.jpg|Stereo Microscope - example 2
File:Stereo Microscope example3.jpg|Stereo Microscope - example 3
File:Stereo Microscope example4.jpg|Stereo Microscope - example 4
</GALLERY>
'''Tip:''' also available used


=== Soldering tips ===
* Don't use >40W iron (we are not soldering copper pipes!)
* Don't use leadfree solder (232'C @ SnSb)
* Don't use silverbased solder
* Don't use high tin alloy (e.g. 90/10: 300'C @ 97Sn 3Pb and 250'C @ 65Sn 35Pb)
* Use 60/40 (374'F / 190'C) or 63/37 (364'F / 183'C) both have nice low melting point for PCBs
<br />
large list of solder alloys and meltingpoints: http://alasir.com/reference/solder_alloys/

=== Wire reference ===
'''TLDR'''&nbsp;&nbsp;:&nbsp;&nbsp;NOR: use AWG26   /   NAND: use AWG28

For wiring, use 20-28 AWG. 18 can be too stiff while 30 is too fragile. 24-26 AWG works fine in most cases. The Grounds and VCC wires may ofcourse be thicker than the signal wires. Keep wires short, up to ~20cm max (longer gives errors). The shorter the better : 15cm and shorter mostly works fine with AWG26 on NOR.

For NOR wiring the solderarea (the NORpoints) is 10x larger than the solderarea used with NAND (pitch 0.5mm, just as NOR chips btw), so for NOR you have much more headroom (and also need!) to use thicker wires (for NAND you most likely want to use 28 AWG and cannot use much thicker)

Use caliper to measure unknown/unmarked wires and compare with table/listing.

==== Table: AWG (inch) / Euro (mm) ====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! American<br />Wire<br />Gauge !! Diameter !! Cross<br /> Sectional<br /> Area !! Diameter !! Cross<br /> Sectional<br /> Area !! rowspan="2" | Notes
|-
! (AWG) !! d (inch) !! A (inch<sup>2</sup>) !! d (mm) !! A (mm<sup>2</sup>)
|-
|0000 (-3) || 0,4600 || 0,1662 || 11,6839 || 107,2172 || 
|-
|000 (-2) || 0,4096 || 0,1318 || 10,4048 || 85,0279 || 
|-
|00 (-1) || 0,3648 || 0,1045 || 9,2658 || 67,4308 || 
|-
|0 || 0,3249 || 0,0829 || 8,2515 || 53,4756 || 
|-
|1 || 0,2893 || 0,0657 || 7,3482 || 42,4085 || 
|-
|2 || 0,2576 || 0,0521 || 6,5438 || 33,6318 || 
|-
|3 || 0,2294 || 0,0413 || 5,8275 || 26,6715 || 
|-
|4 || 0,2043 || 0,0328 || 5,1895 || 21,1516 || 
|-
|5 || 0,1819 || 0,0260 || 4,6214 || 16,7742 || 
|-
|6 || 0,1620 || 0,0206 || 4,1155 || 13,3027 || 
|-
|7 || 0,1443 || 0,0164 || 3,6650 || 10,5496 || 
|-
|8 || 0,1285 || 0,0130 || 3,2638 || 8,3663 || 
|-
|9 || 0,1144 || 0,0103 || 2,9065 || 6,6348 || 
|-
|10 || 0,1019 || 0,0082 || 2,5883 || 5,2617 || 
|-
|11 || 0,0907 || 0,0065 || 2,3050 || 4,1728 || 
|-
|12 || 0,0808 || 0,0051 || 2,0527 || 3,3092 || 
|-
|13 || 0,0720 || 0,0041 || 1,8279 || 2,6243 || 
|-
|14 || 0,0641 || 0,0032 || 1,6278 || 2,0812 || 
|-
|15 || 0,0571 || 0,0026 || 1,4496 || 1,6505 || 
|-
|16 || 0,0508 || 0,0020 || 1,2910 || 1,3089 || 
|-
|17 || 0,0453 || 0,0016 || 1,1496 || 1,0380 || 
|-
|18 || 0,0403 || 0,0013 || 1,0238 || 0,8232 || 
|-
|19 || 0,0359 || 0,0010 || 0,9117 || 0,6528 || 
|-
|20 || 0,0320 || 0,0008 || 0,8119 || 0,5177 || 
|-
|21 || 0,0285 || 0,0006 || 0,7230 || 0,4106 || 
|-
|22 || 0,0253 || 0,0005 || 0,6439 || 0,3256 || 
|-
|23 || 0,0226 || 0,0004 || 0,5734 || 0,2582 || 
|-
|24 || 0,0201 || 0,0003 || 0,5106 || 0,2048 || 
|-
|25 || 0,0179 || 0,0003 || 0,4547 || 0,1624 || 
|-
|26 || 0,0159 || 0,0002 || 0,4049 || 0,1288 || '''Best used for NOR consoles'''
|-
|27 || 0,0142 || 0,0002 || 0,3606 || 0,1021 || 
|-
|28 || 0,0126 || 0,0001 || 0,3211 || 0,0810 || '''Best used for NAND consoles'''
|-
| 29 || 0.0113 ||  || 0.286 || 0.064 || 
|-
| 30 || 0.0100 ||  || 0.255 || 0.051 || 
|-
| 31 || 0.00893 ||  || 0.227 || 0.040 || 
|-
| 32 || 0.00795 ||  || 0.202 || 0.032 || 
|-
| 33 || 0.00708 ||  || 0.180 || 0.025 || 
|-
| 34 || 0.00631 ||  || 0.160 || 0.020 || 
|-
| 35 || 0.00562 ||  || 0.143 || 0.016 || 
|-
| 36 || 0.00500 ||  || 0.127 || 0.013 || 
|-
| 37 || 0.00445 ||  || 0.113 || 0.010 || 
|-
| 38 || 0.00397 ||  || 0.101 || 0.008 || 
|-
| 39 || 0.00353 ||  || 0.0897 || 0.006 || 
|-
| 40 || 0.00314 ||  || 0.0799 || 0.005 || 
|-
|}

==== Alternative/cable comparison ====
    PATA/floppy 40-conductor cable - AWG28 (0.0126" / 0.321mm) with 0.0333" pitch +/- 0.002"
    PATA/floppy 40-conductor cable - AWG30 (0.0100" / 0.255mm) with 0.0333" pitch +/- 0.002"
 &nbsp; 
    PATA 80-conductor cable - AWG30 (0.0100" / 0.255mm) with 0.025" pitch +/- 0.0016"
    PATA 80-conductor cable - AWG30 (0.0100" / 0.255mm) with 0.025" pitch +/- 0.002"
    PATA 80-conductor cable - AWG31 (0.00893" / 0.227mm) with 0.025" pitch +/- 0.002"
    PATA 80-conductor cable - AWG32 (0.00795" / 0.202mm) with 0.025" pitch +/- 0.002"
 &nbsp; 
    Category 6 (ANSI/TIA-568-B.2-1) network cable: 4 twisted pairs of 22AWG (0.0253" / 0.644mm)
    Category 6 (ANSI/TIA-568-B.2-1) network cable: 4 twisted pairs of 23AWG (0.0226" / 0.573mm)
    Category 6 (ANSI/TIA-568-B.2-1) network cable: 4 twisted pairs of 24AWG (0.0201" / 0.511mm)
 &nbsp; 
    Category 5/5e (TIA/EIA 568-5-A) network cable: 4 twisted pairs of 24AWG (0.0201" / 0.511mm)
 &nbsp; 
    Category 5e patch (TIA/EIA 568-5-A) network cable: 4 twisted pairs of 26AWG (0.0159" / 0.405mm)
 &nbsp; 
    SATA : solid 26 AWG - 0.0159" / 0.405mm
    SATA : solid 28 AWG - 0.0126" / 0.321mm
    SATA : solid 30 AWG - 0.0100" / 0.255mm

=== Resistor codes ===
* http://wiki.xtronics.com/index.php/Resistor_Codes
* http://www.hobby-hour.com/electronics/3-digit-smd-resistors.php

=== Tapes ===
*Polyamide heat resistant tape http://dx.com/en/s/high+temperature+tape

Used to isolate hardware parts that will be installed permanently internally (is the same tape used in pc laptops to isolate wifi/bt cards and ram modules). This tape resist up to 300º without deformation or burning, and is made of 100% non-conductive materials... the tape is cheap but be aware because there are lot of fakes, always reads the comments of other buyers or buy in a reputable shop

== Generic unresolved issues ==
There is a table made on the talk page to chart dump/flashing issues (and sucesses). See: [[Talk:Hardware_flashing#Testreport_table | Testreport_table]]

== [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] QA/problem solving ==

=== Generic advice ===

==== Updating [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] with Injectus ====
# connect injectus to [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]]with very short wires (see [[:File:Injectus_jtag_pinout.jpg]] [[:File:Injectus-jtag-bottompads.png]])
# power injectus with usb 
# power [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] with its own usb too (do NOT power the [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] with the injectus!)
# run injectus programmer software
## click tools
## open infectus (at bottom of pulldown)
## load dat file
## click program
See also [[Progskeet#Programming_the_Bitstream|Programming the Bitstream]]

==== R7 / R8 explaination ====
R7 / R8 explaination in a sketch: [[:File:Progskeet-R7-R8 explaination-sketch4.jpg]]

==== Be up to date ====
Always make sure you used the latest diagrams, drivers and flasher software from [http://progskeet.com/download.php progskeet.com]

===== Archive of old versions =====
Main folder: on [http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/ psdevwiki/files]

====== Diagrams ====== 
* <span style="text-decoration: line-through;">[http://www.multiupload.com/5XEX630GN5 diagrams_110803.rar (4.76 MB)])</span>
* <span style="text-decoration: line-through;">[http://www.multiupload.com/WCWI0XABBU diagrams_110804.rar (9.73 MB)])</span>
* [http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/Diagrams/diagrams_110805.rar diagrams_110805.rar (10.4 MB)])

====== Driver ====== 
 WinSkeet 111004 and older : use libusb0    Winskeet 111120 and newer: use WinUSB
 zadig can be used as driver selector for both, make sure you select the right one.
* <span style="text-decoration: line-through;">[http://www.multiupload.com/MIGAUSZL16 drivers_110726.rar (235.62 KB)]</span>
* [http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/Winskeet/drivers_110812.rar drivers_110812.rar (264.07 KB)])
* <span style="text-decoration: line-through;">[http://www.multiupload.com/67L14ZWUDH drivers_a110812.rar (267.61 KB)]</span>
* [http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/Winskeet/zadig.rar zadig.rar (4,9MB)]

====== Bitstream ====== 
* [http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/Bitstreams/ProgSkeet_Bitstreams_111106.rar ProgSkeet_Bitstreams_111106.rar (1.63 MB)] (NOR solderless and NOR+NAND soldered) [http://www.mediafire.com/?o66ls0yo8o1ybr8 Mirror]
* [http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/Bitstreams/ProgSkeet_Bitstreams_111126.rar ProgSkeet_Bitstreams_111126.rar (1.63 MB)] (NAND solderless only) [http://www.mediafire.com/?h3dc7ohc2b2xon8 Mirror]

====== Flasher ====== 
* [http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/Winskeet/ProgSkeet_110803.rar ProgSkeet_110803.rar (28.37 KB)]
* [http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/Winskeet/ProgSkeet_110807.rar ProgSkeet_110807.rar (29.24 KB)]
* [http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/Winskeet/ProgSkeet_110811-A.rar ProgSkeet_110811-A.rar (30.02 KB)]
* [http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/Winskeet/ProgSkeet_110811-B.rar ProgSkeet_110811-B.rar (29.8 KB)]
* [http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/Winskeet/ProgSkeet_110812-A.rar ProgSkeet_110812-A.rar (30KB)]
* [http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/Winskeet/ProgSkeet_110816.rar ProgSkeet_110816.rar (32KB)]
* [http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/Winskeet/ProgSkeet_110819.rar ProgSkeet_110819.rar (32.27 KB)]
*111004/8:
**[http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/Winskeet/WinSkeet40000_111004.rar WinSkeet40000_111004.zip (5.1 MB)] (libusb)
**[http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/YASkeet/YASkeet_20111008.tar.gz YASkeet_20111008.tar.gz (226.95 KB)]
**[http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/iSkeet/iSkeet_20111008.zip iSkeet_20111008.zip (497.83 KB)]
*111120:
**[http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/Winskeet/Winskeet111120.rar Winskeet111120.rar (9.07 MB)] (WinUSB)
**[http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/YASkeet/YASkeet_20111120.tar.gz YASkeet_20111120.tar.gz (229.72 KB)]
**[http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/iSkeet/iSkeet_20111120.zip iSkeet_20111120.zip (11.87 MB)]
*111205:
**[http://www.psdevwiki.com/files/flash/Tools/Progskeet/Winskeet/Winskeet111205.rar Winskeet111205.rar (4.18 MB)] (WinUSB)

==== No shorts ====
Before doing anything, make 100% sure you wired up everything correct (no address/data IO lines mixed? all controllines hooked up? power/ground in order? etc.) and no shorts are made where there should not.

=== Error : libusb0.dll or libusb0.sys not found ===
The libusb-win32 Kernel Driver needed for the the flasher to get access to the USB port was not installed. Make sure you unpacked the drivers_xxxxxx file and installed the Progskeet driver (VendorID:1988 / ProductID:0001 in case you need it).

If problems with installing the driver, use manual mode from Device Manager and select the folder with ProgSkeet.inf ("ProgSkeet Install Disk") : http://windows.microsoft.com/en-US/windows-vista/Update-a-driver-for-hardware-that-isnt-working-properly

=== Error : side-by-side configuration is incorrect ===
In case of "the application has failed to start because its side-by-side configuration is incorrect" make sure [http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?id=5582 Microsoft Visual C 9.0 runtime] is installed and "Windows Installer" is not disabled (set to manual or automatic) in Services.msc

=== Error : incorrect parameter ===
Make sure you selected the correct values for your NOR/NAND device. If there is a preset, use it
* on Common tab: select the flash you have @ Presets

If not, e.g. : 
* NOR
** Spansion S29GL128N90TFIR2 : 128KB sector, 128 sectors
** Spansion S29GL128P90TFIR2 : 128KB sector, 128 sectors
** Samsung K8Q2815UQB-PI4B : 4KB sector, 4096 sectors
** Samsung K8P2716UZC-QI4D : 128KB sector, 128 sectors
** Macronix MX29GL128ELT2I-90G : 128KB sector, 128 sectors

* NAND: select Big Block, select Raw, Pages per block: 64, blocks: 1024

=== The application failed to initalize properly (0xc0000135) ===
You are missing either of these:
* http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?displaylang=en&id=29
* http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?id=5582

=== Error/crash on Windows 7 (and halting on 0x0) ===
* Disable Aero (known to crash on Win7 Ultimate)
** set display color to 256 colors will enforce Aero to disable too
* Make sure you have enough (admin) rights
* Consider disabling UAC (or re-educate it proper)
* Try "Compatibility Mode" (e.g. Windows 2000 or Windows XP SP2)

Conclusion: 32bit mostly seem to work fine. 64-bit seems tricky/hairy to get working sometimes. Try on good ol' Windows XP 32bit or Linux/OSX to rule out 64bit/chipset responsible for problems.

=== Timing switching trick ===
Finally, after many struggles, the way to flash any NOR chip is discovered. Now, here's the method:
*First of all note that when R7 is short - [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] takes supply from console itself, and when R8 is short - it is powered from USB. So then, whatever you'll do - make sure both R7 and R8 never shorted while console is powered on - this results in damaging mobo as well as console itself. 
Preparations are the following: [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] soldered up correctly, no shorts or testpoints missing; Both R7 and R8 opened. (From now on, just forget about R8)
Open Winskeet (Yaskeet, whatever else you got there), set up NOR type and switch to NOR menu. Connect [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] to PC, power up console. Wait at least 10 seconds then short R7 - [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] gets recognized by PC. Set up the following options - Single word programming, '''Static Timing'''. Now you're ready.
Dump NOR several times, check it closely just to be sure it's correct. Prepare patched one then go ahead and write it back to NOR. Though it takes a little longer with mentioned settings, you'll be able to flash it almost correctly. At this point, look out for verification errors - there will be some with almost every NOR I've deal with. The key is that before flashing [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] reads the NOR and flash only those blocks that differs from desired file. Now, here's the trick itself - after flash process performed with several verification errors, flash back the same file again and again (up to 16 times in a row in several cases), untill number of errors reduces to minimum (three or four). At this point, writing the flash under these settings won't make any changes - this last "hard blocks" will always fail for verification, so just switch to '''USB Transfer Timing''' and flash it again. It will take your time around 2 minutes to flash every single block, but since their number were heavily reduced with previous actions, it won't take long in the end. Notice that no verification errors are occured. Now you're done, congratulations) 

=== A/B Trick ===
The A/B trick is a solution found by DiGiTaLAnGeL to write his Macronix NOR (but can be tried on other NORs as well <small><span style="color:red!important;">1</span></small>). <br />
Some Sectors of his flash were "slow to write" and using the normal flashing procedure was resulting in a fail or in a freeze of the [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] Flasher.

'''Needed tools:'''
* Download [http://www.progskeet.com/downloads/ProgSkeet_110811-A.rar Progskeet Flasher v110811-A] // backup/mirror: [http://www.multiupload.com/VXYTEGEIJP ProgSkeet_110811-A.rar (30.02 KB)]
* Download [http://www.progskeet.com/downloads/ProgSkeet_110811-B.rar Progskeet Flasher v110811-B] // backup/mirror: [http://www.multiupload.com/RVFR64XPWL ProgSkeet_110811-B.rar (29.79 KB)]

'''Step by step guide:'''
* Shut Down your PS3 if not and be sure that the [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] USB Cable is not plugged in.
* Put your R7 Switch in OFF Position.
* Power on your PS3.
* Wait 20 seconds.
* Put your R7 Switch in ON Position (now Proskeet is recognized by Windows).
* Open Flasher "A" and flash your file (remember to set up the NOR size/sectors!)
* When it reaches 100% , check C:\Proskeet.log, if you found some sectors failed to write... continue to the next step.
* Without powering off your PS3, unplug [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] USB Cable and Close Flasher "A"
* Open Flasher "B" and replug your USB Cable.
* Flash your file (remember to set up the NOR size/sectors!)
* The Flasher will freeze on those "slow" sectors, just wait!
* If after 1 minute your flasher is still stuck on that sector close the flasher.
* Check again your log for sectors failed to write.

If you still have sectors that have failed to write, start again until they successfully write (Rember to check the Progskeet.log because reaching 100% doesn't mean that the sectors have successfully been written)

:<small>note: <span style="color:red!important;">1)</span></small><br />
::<small>&lt;DiGiAnGeL&gt; if you successfully write at least one of the sectors you are having problem with, this trick work for you!<br />&lt;DiGiAnGeL&gt; (some sectors require even 5 minutes of trying before successfully writing them)</small><br />

=== Irregular device disappering when reading/writing ===
 <MrGBNC> I've had good dumps but sometimes when I click read [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] disappears from the Device Manager
 <eussNL> hmm, sounds like voltage drop or usb connection fail
 <MrGBNC> and last week was [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] no longer recognized by windows
 <MrGBNC> unknown device
 <Abkarino> you may have gnd problem
 <eussNL> did you try manual removing the driver in safemode?
 <Abkarino> try to remove r4 then try again
 <Abkarino> i had the same problem before
 <Abkarino> but uf6667 and ago told me to remove r4 and try again
 <Abkarino> now [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]] work fine every time i plug it to my PC
 <MrGBNC> I've also talked to Ago, he said that the resistance between GND and VCC is too small for my [[Progskeet 1.0 / 1.1]]
 <Ago> well, you had voltage drops
 <Ago> and a cap might be bad
 <MrGBNC> that is why I try to exchange/warranty. I also couldn´t read a socket´ed NAND, only 30 in dump ;)