Graphics Engine

Graphics Engine (GE) is the nomenclature for PSP's Graphics Processing Unit (GPU).

PSP Graphics Core 1

Specifications

• 1–166 MHz (set at 111 MHz by default) @ 1.2 V
• 256-bit Bus at 5.3 Gbit/s
• 3D Curved Surface + 3D Polygon
• Compressed Texture
• Hardware Clipping, Morphing, Bone(8)
• Hardware Tessellator
• Bezier, B-Spline(NURBS)
• ex 4x4, 16x16, 64x64 sub-division

PSP Graphics Core 2

Specifications

• 'Rendering Engine' + 'Surface Engine'
• 256bit Bus, 1-166 MHz @ 1.2V
• VRAM :2MB(eDRAM)
• Bus Bandwidth :5.3GB/sec
• Pixel Fill Rate :664 M pixels/sec
• max 33 M polygon /sec(T&L)
• 24bit Full Color:RGBA

GE Commands List

GE Commands seems to work in similar way as PS3 "Methods", but with simpler encoding. Single command is 32 bits wide and split into upper 8 bits of Command ID and 24 bits of data (not always full 24 bits are used). PSP hardware manuals refer to command ID as "address" which imply this are actual GE hardware registers. Non listed commands are unknown, and their behavior is not defined.

Command	Address	Description
CMD_NOP	00h	No operation
CMD_VADR	01h	Set vertex data starting address
CMD_IADR	02h	Set index data starting address
CMD_PRIM	04h	Draw primitive
CMD_BEZIER	05h	Draw Bezier surface
CMD_SPLINE	06h	Draw spline surface
CMD_BBOX	07h	Set bounding box
CMD_JUMP	08h	Jump
CMD_BJUMP	09h	Conditional jump (jump if BBOX is outside of drawing region)
CMD_CALL	0Ah	List call
CMD_RET	0Bh	List return
CMD_END	0Ch	End reading
CMD_SIGNAL	0Eh	Signal interrupt
CMD_FINISH	0Fh	Finish drawing
CMD_BASE	10h	Set address base, used as upper 8 bits for JUMP, BJUMP, CALL, VADR, and IADR
CMD_VTYPE	12h	Set vertex type
CMD_OFFSET	13h	Set offset address
CMD_ORIGIN	14h	Set origin address (set OFFSET to address where this command is executed)
CMD_REGION1	15h	Set drawing region
CMD_REGION2	16h
CMD_LTE	17h	Lighting enable
CMD_LE0	18h	Light 0 enable
CMD_LE1	19h	Light 1 enable
CMD_LE2	1Ah	Light 2 enable
CMD_LE3	1Bh	Light 3 enable
CMD_CLE	1Ch	Clipping enable
CMD_BCE	1Dh	Culling enable
CMD_TME	1Eh	Texture enable
CMD_FGE	1Fh	Fog enable
CMD_DTE	20h	Dither enable
CMD_ABE	21h	Alpha blending enable
CMD_ATE	22h	Alpha test enable
CMD_ZTE	23h	Depth test enable
CMD_STE	24h	Stencil test enable
CMD_AAE	25h	Antialiasing enable
CMD_PCE	26h	Patch culling enable
CMD_CTE	27h	Color test enable
CMD_LOE	28h	Logical operation enable
CMD_BONEN	2Ah	Set bone matrix number
CMD_BONED	2Bh	Set bone matrix data
CMD_WEIGHT0	2Ch	Set vertex weight
CMD_WEIGHT1	2Dh	Set vertex weight
CMD_WEIGHT2	2Eh	Set vertex weight
CMD_WEIGHT3	2Fh	Set vertex weight
CMD_WEIGHT4	30h	Set vertex weight
CMD_WEIGHT5	31h	Set vertex weight
CMD_WEIGHT6	32h	Set vertex weight
CMD_WEIGHT7	33h	Set vertex weight
CMD_DIVIDE	36h	Set patch division count
CMD_PPM	37h	Set patch primitive
CMD_PFACE	38h	Patch Face
CMD_WORLDN	3Ah	Set world matrix number
CMD_WORLDD	3Bh	Set world matrix data
CMD_VIEWN	3Ch	Set view matrix number
CMD_VIEWD	3Dh	Set view matrix data
CMD_PROJN	3Eh	Set perspective matrix number
CMD_PROJD	3Fh	Set perspective matrix data
CMD_TGENN	40h	Set texture generation matrix number
CMD_TGEND	41h	Set texture generation matrix data
CMD_SX	42h	Set viewport
CMD_SY	43h	Set viewport
CMD_SZ	44h	Set viewport
CMD_TX	45h	Set viewport
CMD_TY	46h	Set viewport
CMD_TZ	47h	Set viewport
CMD_SU	48h	Set texture scale
CMD_SV	49h	Set texture scale
CMD_TU	4Ah	Set texture offset
CMD_TV	4Bh	Set texture offset
CMD_OFFSETX	4Ch	Set screen offset
CMD_OFFSETY	4Dh	Set screen offset
CMD_SHADE	50h	Set shading mode
CMD_NREV	51h	Normal reverse
CMD_MATERIAL	53h	Material
CMD_MEC	54h	Set model color
CMD_MAC	55h	Set model color
CMD_MDC	56h	Set model color
CMD_MSC	57h	Set model color
CMD_MAA	58h	Set model color alpha
CMD_MK	5Bh	Set model specular
CMD_AC	5Ch	Set ambient light color
CMD_AA	5Dh	Set ambient light color alpha
CMD_LMODE	5Eh	Set light mode
CMD_LTYPE0	5Fh	Set light type for light source 0
CMD_LTYPE1	60h	Set light type for light source 1
CMD_LTYPE2	61h	Set light type for light source 2
CMD_LTYPE3	62h	Set light type for light source 3
CMD_LX0	63h	Set light vector X for light source 0
CMD_LY0	64h	Set light vector Y for light source 0
CMD_LZ0	65h	Set light vector Z for light source 0
CMD_LX1	66h	Set light vector X for light source 1
CMD_LY1	67h	Set light vector Y for light source 1
CMD_LZ1	68h	Set light vector Z for light source 1
CMD_LX2	69h	Set light vector X for light source 2
CMD_LY2	6Ah	Set light vector Y for light source 2
CMD_LZ2	6Bh	Set light vector Z for light source 2
CMD_LX3	6Ch	Set light vector X for light source 3
CMD_LY3	6Dh	Set light vector Y for light source 3
CMD_LZ3	6Eh	Set light vector Z for light source 3
CMD_LDX0	6Fh	Set light direction X for light source 0
CMD_LDY0	70h	Set light direction Y for light source 0
CMD_LDZ0	71h	Set light direction Z for light source 0
CMD_LDX1	72h	Set light direction X for light source 1
CMD_LDY1	73h	Set light direction Y for light source 1
CMD_LDZ1	74h	Set light direction Z for light source 1
CMD_LDX2	75h	Set light direction X for light source 2
CMD_LDY2	76h	Set light direction Y for light source 2
CMD_LDZ2	77h	Set light direction Z for light source 2
CMD_LDX3	78h	Set light direction X for light source 3
CMD_LDY3	79h	Set light direction Y for light source 3
CMD_LDZ3	7Ah	Set light direction Z for light source 3
CMD_LKA0	7Bh	Set light distance attenuation factor A for light source 0
CMD_LKB0	7Ch	Set light distance attenuation factor B for light source 0
CMD_LKC0	7Dh	Set light distance attenuation factor C for light source 0
CMD_LKA1	7Eh	Set light distance attenuation factor A for light source 1
CMD_LKB1	7Fh	Set light distance attenuation factor B for light source 1
CMD_LKC1	80h	Set light distance attenuation factor C for light source 1
CMD_LKA2	81h	Set light distance attenuation factor A for light source 2
CMD_LKB2	82h	Set light distance attenuation factor B for light source 2
CMD_LKC2	83h	Set light distance attenuation factor C for light source 2
CMD_LKA3	84h	Set light distance attenuation factor A for light source 3
CMD_LKB3	85h	Set light distance attenuation factor B for light source 3
CMD_LKC3	86h	Set light distance attenuation factor C for light source 3
CMD_LKS0	87h	Set light convergence factor for light source 0
CMD_LKS1	88h	Set light convergence factor for light source 1
CMD_LKS2	89h	Set light convergence factor for light source 2
CMD_LKS3	8Ah	Set light convergence factor for light source 3
CMD_LKO0	8Bh	Set light cut-off dot product coefficient for light source 0
CMD_LKO1	8Ch	Set light cut-off dot product coefficient for light source 1
CMD_LKO2	8Dh	Set light cut-off dot product coefficient for light source 2
CMD_LKO3	8Eh	Set light cut-off dot product coefficient for light source 3
CMD_LAC0	8Fh	Set light color ambient for light source 0
CMD_LDC0	90h	Set light color diffuse for light source 0
CMD_LSC0	91h	Set light color specular for light source 0
CMD_LAC1	92h	Set light color ambient for light source 1
CMD_LDC1	93h	Set light color diffuse for light source 1
CMD_LSC1	94h	Set light color specular for light source 1
CMD_LAC2	95h	Set light color ambient for light source 2
CMD_LDC2	96h	Set light color diffuse for light source 2
CMD_LSC2	97h	Set light color specular for light source 2
CMD_LAC3	98h	Set light color ambient for light source 3
CMD_LDC3	99h	Set light color diffuse for light source 3
CMD_LSC3	9Ah	Set light color specular for light source 3
CMD_CULL	9Bh	Culling surface
CMD_FBP	9Ch	Set frame buffer base pointer
CMD_FBW	9Dh	Set frame buffer base width (bits 16-23 used as upper 8 bits for FBP)
CMD_ZBP	9Eh	Set depth buffer base pointer
CMD_ZBW	9Fh	Set depth buffer base width (bits 16-23 used as upper 8 bits for ZBP)
CMD_TBP0	A0h	Set texture buffer 0 base pointer
CMD_TBP1	A1h	Set texture buffer 1 base pointer
CMD_TBP2	A2h	Set texture buffer 2 base pointer
CMD_TBP3	A3h	Set texture buffer 3 base pointer
CMD_TBP4	A4h	Set texture buffer 4 base pointer
CMD_TBP5	A5h	Set texture buffer 5 base pointer
CMD_TBP6	A6h	Set texture buffer 6 base pointer
CMD_TBP7	A7h	Set texture buffer 7 base pointer
CMD_TBW0	A8h	Set texture buffer 0 width (bits 16-23 used as upper 8 bits for TBP)
CMD_TBW1	A9h	Set texture buffer 1 width (bits 16-23 used as upper 8 bits for TBP)
CMD_TBW2	AAh	Set texture buffer 2 width (bits 16-23 used as upper 8 bits for TBP)
CMD_TBW3	ABh	Set texture buffer 3 width (bits 16-23 used as upper 8 bits for TBP)
CMD_TBW4	ACh	Set texture buffer 4 width (bits 16-23 used as upper 8 bits for TBP)
CMD_TBW5	ADh	Set texture buffer 5 width (bits 16-23 used as upper 8 bits for TBP)
CMD_TBW6	AEh	Set texture buffer 6 width (bits 16-23 used as upper 8 bits for TBP)
CMD_TBW7	AFh	Set texture buffer 7 width (bits 16-23 used as upper 8 bits for TBP)
CMD_CBP	B0h	Set CLUT buffer base pointer
CMD_CBW	B1h	Set upper 8 bits of CLUT buffer base pointer
CMD_XBP1	B2h	Set transfer buffer pointer (source)
CMD_XBW1	B3h	Set transfer buffer width (source) (bits 16-23 used as upper 8 bits for XBP)
CMD_XBP2	B4h	Set transfer buffer (destination)
CMD_XBW2	B5h	Set transfer buffer width (destination) (bits 16-23 used as upper 8 bits for XBP)
CMD_TSIZE0	B8h	Set texture size for texture buffer 0
CMD_TSIZE1	B9h	Set texture size for texture buffer 1
CMD_TSIZE2	BAh	Set texture size for texture buffer 2
CMD_TSIZE3	BBh	Set texture size for texture buffer 3
CMD_TSIZE4	BCh	Set texture size for texture buffer 4
CMD_TSIZE5	BDh	Set texture size for texture buffer 5
CMD_TSIZE6	BEh	Set texture size for texture buffer 6
CMD_TSIZE7	BFh	Set texture size for texture buffer 7
CMD_TMAP	C0h	Set texture map mode
CMD_TSHADE	C1h	Set shade mapping
CMD_TMODE	C2h	Set texture mode
CMD_TPF	C3h	Set texture pixel format
CMD_CLOAD	C4h	CLUT load
CMD_CLUT	C5h	Set CLUT
CMD_TFILTER	C6h	Set texture filter
CMD_TWRAP	C7h	Set texture wrap mode
CMD_TLEVEL	C8h	Set texture level mode
CMD_TFUNC	C9h	Set texture function
CMD_TEC	CAh	Set texture environment color
CMD_TFLUSH	CBh	Texture flush
CMD_TSYNC	CCh	Texture synchronization
CMD_FOG1	CDh	Set fog parameter 1
CMD_FOG2	CEh	Set fog parameter 2
CMD_FC	CFh	Set fog color
CMD_TSLOPE	D0h	Set texture slope
CMD_FPF	D2h	Set frame pixel format
CMD_CMODE	D3h	Set clear mode
CMD_SCISSOR1	D4h	Set scissoring area (upper left)
CMD_SCISSOR2	D5h	Set scissoring area (lower right)
CMD_MINZ	D6h	Set minimal depth range
CMD_MAXZ	D7h	Set maximal depth range
CMD_CTEST	D8h	Set color test parameter
CMD_CREF	D9h	Set color test reference
CMD_CMSK	DAh	Set color test mask
CMD_ATEST	DBh	Set alpha test parameters
CMD_STEST	DCh	Set stencil test parameters
CMD_SOP	DDh	Set stencil operation
CMD_ZTEST	DEh	Set depth test parameter
CMD_BLEND	DFh	Set alpha blending parameters
CMD_FIXA	E0h	Set fixed color A
CMD_FIXB	E1h	Set fixed color B
CMD_DITH1	E2h	Set dither coefficients for matrix elements 00-03
CMD_DITH2	E3h	Set dither coefficients for matrix elements 04-07
CMD_DITH3	E4h	Set dither coefficients for matrix elements 08-11
CMD_DITH4	E5h	Set dither coefficients for matrix elements 12-15
CMD_LOP	E6h	Set logical operation parameter
CMD_ZMSK	E7h	Depth mask
CMD_PMSK1	E8h	Set plane mask
CMD_PMSK2	E9h	Set plane mask alpha
CMD_XSTART	EAh	Inter-buffer transfer start
CMD_XPOS1	EBh	Set source buffer transfer position
CMD_XPOS2	ECh	Set destination buffer transfer position
CMD_XSIZE	EEh	Set transfer size

Useful Documentation

libGU provides an interface to the 2D and 3D hardware acceleration features found in the PSP’s Graphic Engine