Editing Talk:PS2 Emulation

TODO: Please remove unneeded uppercase letters not at the start of sentences.
* This Is Not Elon Musk Here :P - [[User:Roxanne|Roxanne]]

==Regs==

**1040000000 VU1 regs, mapping like on VU0.
**1050000000 VU1 micro data  memory (1100C000 on real ps2 and pcsx2 debugger) size 0x4000.
**1050004000 VU1 micro data memory mirror (1100C000 on real ps2 and pcsx2 debugger) size 0x4000. Likely mirrored 2 more times on 8000 and c000
**104000C000 emulator place here VU1 constants used in popular operations. Eatan/eexp constants, masks for clamping, etc. Similar array can be found in Pcsx2 (mVU_Globals), Dobiestation (atan_const, etc), Play! (GenerateEATAN, etc.)
**1030004000 emulator place here VU0 constants used in popular operations. Like above (vu0 don't have efu so placing there efu constants for eatan/eexp is pointless, but there they are). 
--[[User:Kozarovv|Kozarovv]] ([[User talk:Kozarovv|talk]]) 09:37, 5 January 2023 (UTC)

=Misc info=
Some data that eventually need to be posted on main emulation page. All data posted here is obtained from jak tpl (so called v1) emulator. All data is confirmed in code itself, no guessing (unless said otherwise). Time to start releasing that old work to public.

*Settings ignored by emulator (there is more than that):                   https://pastebin.com/Hm9bfnF6
*Settings which use bool (0/1, emu accept true/false on/off too) as value: https://pastebin.com/iaLLAXHn
*Settings which use double float as value:                                 https://pastebin.com/cZvxCb6K (unk max values are likely DBL_MAX )
*Default VU1 settings used by Jak TPL emu:                                 https://pastebin.com/tDsTNWFH
*Default VU0 settings used by Jak TPL emu:                                 https://pastebin.com/iSEngpJh
*Default VU settings used by Jak TPL emu:                                  https://pastebin.com/NL8Vae1b
*Default IOP settings used by Jak TPL emu:                                 https://pastebin.com/9K4dk6vb
*Default FPU settings used by Jak TPL emu:                                 https://pastebin.com/YrF7fBT5
*Default EE settings used by Jak TPL emu:                                  https://pastebin.com/SBXimZhc (awesome formatting pastebin, good job)
*Default COP2 settings used by Jak TPL emu:                                https://pastebin.com/aG0LDryy
*Default misc settings used by Jak TPL emu:                                https://pastebin.com/79JCRXkq (ps2_lang is changed later if host system match possible ps2 languages)

==Misc misc info==
*Both settings do the same thing:
 --external-hdd-fix
 --cdvd-determinism

 --ee-kernel-hle
 --ee-injection-kernel

*Setting take unused value:
 --ee-cache-breaks-block
 No matter which value is used, 1 is set.

==Few popular misunderstandings==
*vu-xgkick-delay take integer between 0-31 (confirmed on both emu and compiler side), and not float (0.5 is invalid, will be truncated to 0 probably)
*Cop2 rounding in pcsx2 is governed by "EE/FPU" rounding setting, not by VU or VU0.
*Cop2 clamping is hardcodded in pcsx2 as far as i know, if no then is likely also governed by EE/FPU setting not VU/VU0
*xx-no-clamping setting is not really no clamping known from pcsx2. This is special mode which can be used regardless of other clamp commands. To compare pcsx2 have similar mode only for FPU (Full), to fully mimic that mode we still need fpu-to-double enabled.

==ee-native-function==
Emulator have set of predefined functions used in popular PS2 SDK libraries. Those function are highly optimized to run natively on x64. <br>
'''--ee-native-function=name,address''' under the hood this is hooking selected address, and replace it with jump to predefined function. Functions available in JAK TPL emu:
 memset      | fptoui           | ieee754_sinf
 memcpy      | fptodp           | ieee754_cosf
 strlen      | dptofp           | ieee754_sqrtf
 strcmp      | fabs             | asinf
 strcasecmp  | fabsf            | acosf
 litodp      | ieee754_atan2f   | sinf
 dptoli      | ieee754_asinf    | cosf
 floatdidf   | ieee754_acosf    | sqrtf

This drastically reduce emitted code size for selected function. Additionally there is no need to recompile that at all, emulator just emit jump to label, and that's all. Additionally emulator advance delta clock to compensate cycles which will be normally took by original function.
<br><br>
Example ee_native_floatdidf
 vcvtsi2sd    xmm0, xmm0, rdi
 vmovq        rax, xmm0
 retn

This is what real floatdidf looks like originally in ps2 mips, you can imagine that recompiled x64 code will be much longer. Every single instruction will be translated/recompiled separately.
 addiu        $sp, -0x30
 sd           $s0, 0x20+saved_s0($sp)
 move         $s0, $a0
 sd           $s1, 0x20+saved_s1($sp)
 li           $s1, 0x81E0
 dsll32       $s1, 15
 dsra32       $a0, $s0, 0
 sd           $ra, 0x20+saved_ra($sp)
 jal          litodp
 nop
 move         $a1, $s1
 jal          dpmul
 move         $a0, $v0
 move         $a1, $s1
 jal          dpmul
 move         $a0, $v0
 move         $s1, $v0
 lui          $v0, 0xFFFF
 dsrl32       $v0, 0
 and          $s0, $v0
 dsll32       $s0, 0
 dsra32       $s0, 0
 jal          litodp
 move         $a0, $s0
 bgez         $s0, loc_2F3734
 move         $a0, $s1
 li           $a1, 0x83E0
 dsll32       $a1, 15
 jal          dpadd
 move         $a0, $v0
 move         $a0, $s1
 jal          dpadd
 move         $a1, $v0
 ld           $ra, 0x20+saved_ra($sp)
 ld           $s1, 0x20+saved_s1($sp)
 ld           $s0, 0x20+saved_s0($sp)
 jr           $ra
 addiu        $sp, 0x30
This is corner case example as floatdidf convert a 64bit signed integer to IEEE double, and PS2 developers generally had no reason to use doubles (fpu/vu are operating on 32 bit floats). But you can see that whole conversion is practically done in 1 opcode, while ps2 take massive function to do this. Other functions are usually less optimized, but still really worth it.

==EE/VU injection==
"Injections" are special sets of precompiled functions, idea is known better as HLE emulation. Available injections can vary depend on ps2-compiler.self, because that's where lookup for available functions is done. This literally replace code that normally is recompiler, with optimized version when address and hash match. Probably not many games can use this. Good candidates are games that use the same engine as currently released ps2 classics. Many times VU1 programs are reused by the same developer. 
<br>'''VU1'''
*Name + offset in JAK TPL compiler
*unk1
*VU1 mpg start address (divided by 8)
*Some kind of hash to ensure that correct part of microprogram gets replaced
*Many other unknown values
 |______NAME_______|U|_ADDR_|______HASH?_____|U|N|K|N|O|W|N
 vu1_inject_1B5680, 0, 0,    354AAD4A5C5F8h, 0, 0,0, 0, 1, 0> ; DATA XREF: vu1_exec_1AD1D0+CC8↑o
 vu1_inject_1B5CC0, 0, 10Fh, 31BE7F0B62906DB7h,0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1BA950, 0, 0Fh,  0B67E7F1B32B878BDh,0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1BF5E0, 0, 754h, 280C4275B1928A12h,0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1C0290, 0, 74Ah, 8978033C72E3DCA2h,0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1C1080, 0, 58h,  559E11A1D3055656h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1C09E0, 0, 49h,  0FF679F42534A3255h,0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1C72C0, 0, 17Eh, 52A3C65951B99CF3h,0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1C8840, 0, 286h, 0F6B365D47BC423C0h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1C8A50, 0, 18Ch, 0D50B071B598E86C1h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1C9C70, 0, 18Bh, 0D504FF9B7B8E86CFh, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1C9D40, 0, 183h, 0D886632A2396F9A4h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1CAD20, 0, 3DDh, 36CF5FCB8AAED87Eh,0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1CC4F0, 0, 474h, 0D1A1E17DE3811013h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1CCF10, 0, 96h,  2B8DB65EE593B395h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1CE5E0, 0, 2B2h, 9E7800006C113EE5h,0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1CE930, 0, 0B8h, 760E33D4278BEA74h,0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1D0830, 0, 112h, 0DCE5CDA96EB6389Bh, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1D22E0, 0, 538h, 52561DBBF5CF1832h,0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1D3D80, 0, 55Ah, 1083419D800001Ch, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0>
 vu1_inject_1D4820, 0, 549h, 0C5755531B35CC848h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0>
 vu1_inject_1D5300, 0, 168h, 0CAA8A8936947CFC1h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0>
 vu1_inject_1D8FC0, 0, 24h,  90616BE83F46B0B8h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1DA6F0, 0, 7Fh,  3CF37762DE2DC97Ch, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0>
 vu1_inject_1DC1B0, 0, 88h,  7004A0F767800h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0>
 vu1_inject_1DC1D0, 0, 0F3h, 2D4BD82E171ACD84h,0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0>
 vu1_inject_1DE5C0, 0, 10Dh, 0BD8855ED4151881Ah, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0>
 vu1_inject_1E0410, 0, 0DBh, 0F6B7D7417D0400D7h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0>
 vu1_inject_1E2160, 0, 10Ch, 0CFF00003408100h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0>
 vu1_inject_1E25E0, 0, 7FCh, 500001B028000259h,0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0>
 vu1_inject_1E2A60, 0, 5ECh, 5D40E9B71E6A01A1h,0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0>
 vu1_inject_1E6170, 0, 5A4h, 3917D188F40B9940h,0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0>
 vu1_inject_1E8E30, 0, 16Fh, 95C2C290F7DD248h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0>
 vu1_inject_1ECDA0, 0, 7D3h, 7A00268978312859h,0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0>
 vu1_inject_1EDBE0, 0, 5BDh, 0A9FAF30FCE438D4Bh, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0>
 vu1_inject_1EF510, 0, 1C6h, 7C7755083564464Ch,0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0>
'''EE Title'''
*Name used by emu
*Address in ps2-compiler memory

Please keep in mind that names can be misleading because if function can be reused for EU release, then US inject is used. This happen in Max Payne2 injects.
                 NAME                                     ADDR
 Psychonauts_compareFunction_EMeshFrag          CODE    0x12BC80
 __Psychonauts_loadVUGeneralConstants_WorldClip CODE    0x12CA00
 Psychonauts_loadVUGeneralConstants_WorldClip   CODE    0x12CEB0
 Psychonauts_loadVUGeneralConstants_ClipScreen  CODE    0x12CFE0
 Psychonauts_loadVUGeneralConstants_Frustrum    CODE    0x12D110
 GTALCS_SetMatrix                               CODE    0x12D670
 GTALCS_sqrtf                                   CODE    0x12DB80
 GTALCS_US_0x2016b4                             CODE    0x12DC80
 GTALCS_US_0x201780                             CODE    0x12E0E0
 GTALCS_US_0x201c74                             CODE    0x12E160
 GTALCS_US_0x201da8                             CODE    0x12E1E0
 GTALCS_US_0x202a6c                             CODE    0x12E260
 GTALCS_EU_0x2017bc                             CODE    0x12E2E0
 GTALCS_EU_0x201888                             CODE    0x12E360
 GTALCS_EU_0x201d7c                             CODE    0x12E3E0
 GTALCS_EU_0x201eb0                             CODE    0x12E460
 GTALCS_EU_0x202b74                             CODE    0x12E4E0
 GTALCS_JP_0x21e3fc                             CODE    0x12E560
 GTALCS_JP_0x21e4c8                             CODE    0x12E5E0
 GTALCS_JP_0x21e9bc                             CODE    0x12E660
 GTALCS_JP_0x21eaf0                             CODE    0x12E6E0
 GTALCS_JP_0x21f7b4                             CODE    0x12E760
 GTALCS_US_0x20138c                             CODE    0x12E7E0
 GTALCS_US_0x2018ec                             CODE    0x12E8B0
 GTALCS_US_0x201ae8                             CODE    0x12E970
 GTALCS_US_0x2021bc                             CODE    0x12EA30
 GTALCS_US_0x2023c8                             CODE    0x12EAE0
 GTALCS_US_0x2025c4                             CODE    0x12EB90
 GTALCS_US_0x202770                             CODE    0x12EC50
 GTALCS_US_0x202b3c                             CODE    0x12ED10
 GTALCS_EU_0x201494                             CODE    0x12EDD0
 GTALCS_EU_0x2019f4                             CODE    0x12EEA0
 GTALCS_EU_0x201bf0                             CODE    0x12EF60
 GTALCS_EU_0x2022c4                             CODE    0x12F020
 GTALCS_EU_0x2024d0                             CODE    0x12F0D0
 GTALCS_EU_0x2026cc                             CODE    0x12F180
 GTALCS_EU_0x202878                             CODE    0x12F240
 GTALCS_EU_0x202c44                             CODE    0x12F300
 GTALCS_JP_0x21e0d4                             CODE    0x12F3C0
 GTALCS_JP_0x21e634                             CODE    0x12F490
 GTALCS_JP_0x21e830                             CODE    0x12F550
 GTALCS_JP_0x21ef04                             CODE    0x12F610
 GTALCS_JP_0x21f110                             CODE    0x12F6C0
 GTALCS_JP_0x21f30c                             CODE    0x12F770
 GTALCS_JP_0x21f4b8                             CODE    0x12F830
 GTALCS_JP_0x21f884                             CODE    0x12F8F0
 GTALCS_US_0x22dd8c                             CODE    0x12F9B0
 GTALCS_US_0x22ddd0                             CODE    0x12FCD0
 GTALCS_US_0x22e034                             CODE    0x12FD50
 GTALCS_US_0x22e078                             CODE    0x12FE30
 GTALCS_EU_0x22de8c                             CODE    0x12FEB0
 GTALCS_EU_0x22ded0                             CODE    0x12FF30
 GTALCS_EU_0x22e178                             CODE    0x12FFB0
 GTALCS_JP_0x31ad3c                             CODE    0x130030
 GTALCS_JP_0x31ad80                             CODE    0x1300B0
 GTALCS_JP_0x31b028                             CODE    0x130130
 GTAVCS_US_0x23e5ac                             CODE    0x1301B0
 GTAVCS_US_0x23f440                             CODE    0x130230
 GTAVCS_US_0x23f558                             CODE    0x1302B0
 GTAVCS_US_0x23f8e0                             CODE    0x130330
 GTAVCS_US_0x23fa80                             CODE    0x1303B0
 GTAVCS_US_0x23ffb8                             CODE    0x130430
 GTAVCS_US_0x2f1d64                             CODE    0x1304B0
 GTAVCS_US_0x280bbc                             CODE    0x130530
 GTAVCS_US_0x280c04                             CODE    0x130610
 GTAVCS_US_0x280894                             CODE    0x130690
 GTAVCS_US_0x2808e8                             CODE    0x130710
 MaxPayne2_assignSubDot                         CODE    0x130800
 MaxPayne2_sceVu0MulMatrix3x4Const              CODE    0x130D80
 MaxPayne2_setTransformedPos                    CODE    0x132640
 MaxPayne2_US_506940                            CODE    0x132E50
 MaxPayne2_US_506984                            CODE    0x133460
 sce_waitIpuIdle_hook                           CODE    0x133B10
 sce_waitIpuIdle64_loop                         CODE    0x133E70
 sce_waitIpuIdle64_top                          CODE    0x134300
 sceMpeg_ri0_000                                CODE    0x1351A0
 sceMpeg_copyAddRefImage                        CODE    0x136B10

Example of one entry in emu.

 SCE_RELRO:000000000021A280 stru_21A280     db 'SLES-53830',0       ; game_id ; "Psychonauts_compareFunction_EMeshFrag"
 SCE_RELRO:000000000021A280                 db 0
 SCE_RELRO:000000000021A280                 dd 18A498h              ; hook_start_pc
 SCE_RELRO:000000000021A280                 dd 0                    ; unk
 SCE_RELRO:000000000021A280                 dd 18A504h              ; hook_end_pc
 SCE_RELRO:000000000021A280                 dd 0A40B81CBh           ; hash
 SCE_RELRO:000000000021A280                 dd 0                    ; align1
 SCE_RELRO:000000000021A280                 dq offset Psychonauts_compareFunction_EMeshFrag; fnc_ptr
 SCE_RELRO:000000000021A280                 dq 0                    ; align2
 SCE_RELRO:000000000021A280                 dq offset aPsychonautsCom; hook_name

Same goes for "kernel" injections, they are also based on ID + Hash + address. Generally all "injections" should be safe to be enabled by configs. There is really small chance for hash/address(and id) collision. Not to be confused with "native" / "native-patch" !


=RESEARCH TO DO=
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="1" class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! Name !! Notes
|-
| 4-Player Multitap in urban reign || Done all thanks to you <3.
|-
| Locating the gs registers || Abysmal.
|-
| Fully understanding the hook functions || What does it actually do? Skip the instruction for an allocated number of times?
|-
| Trying to reverse-engineer any emulator's executable by using assembly and hxd to improve compatibility || Tedious. / TPC register's instruction 8998B0030000
|-
| Locating the proper CDVD read speed (God of war and Ratchet size matters [Both have affected music]) || IOP and CDVD commands help
|-
| Fully understand what the vif chunk command thingy does || Too low and your game will freeze at the intro
|-
| Find the the most GIF accurate emulator there is. || Kof98??
|-
| Find out what some of the gs commands do and edit their description || Infelicitous!
|-
| Implement a EE memory patch for ratchet up your arsenal   || Not trivial obviously
|-
| Fix the two tenchu and harry potter games || (eughhh) 
|-
|}
* GS registers aren't mapped in easy way comparing to other ones. Offsets will vary per emulator, and that's for sure. This is what you get in read mode on JAK emu (not sure if i have v1 or v2 to be honest, is known as ps2emu16):
 gs_reg_SCISSOR_1              0000000001B11800                  
 gs_reg_FBA_1                  0000000001B11808                  
 gs_reg_ALPHA_1                0000000001B11810                  
 gs_reg_TEST_1                 0000000001B11818                  
 gs_reg_CLAMP_1                0000000001B11820                  
 gs_reg_FRAME_1                0000000001B11828                  
 gs_reg_ZBUF_1                 0000000001B11830                  
 gs_reg_TEX0_1                 0000000001B11838                  
 gs_reg_TEX1_1                 0000000001B11840                  
 gs_reg_MIPTBP1_1              0000000001B11880                  
 gs_reg_MIPTBP2_1              0000000001B11888                  
 gs_reg_XYOFFSET_1_X           0000000001B11890                  
 gs_reg_XYOFFSET_1_Y           0000000001B118A0                  
 gs_reg_SCISSOR_2              0000000001B11910                  
 gs_reg_FBA_2                  0000000001B11918                  
 gs_reg_ALPHA_2                0000000001B11920                  
 gs_reg_TEST_2                 0000000001B11928                  
 gs_reg_CLAMP_2                0000000001B11930                  
 gs_reg_FRAME_2                0000000001B11938                  
 gs_reg_ZBUF_2                 0000000001B11940                  
 gs_reg_TEX0_2                 0000000001B11948                  
 gs_reg_TEX1_2                 0000000001B11950                  
 gs_reg_MIPTBP1_2              0000000001B11990                  
 gs_reg_MIPTBP2_2              0000000001B11998                  
 gs_reg_XYOFFSET_2_X           0000000001B119A0                  
 gs_reg_XYOFFSET_2_Y           0000000001B119B0                  
 gs_reg_FOGCOL                 0000000001B11A20                  
 gs_reg_COLCLAMP               0000000001B11A28                  
 gs_reg_SCANMSK                0000000001B11A2C                  
 gs_reg_DTHE                   0000000001B11A30                  
 gs_reg_DIMX                   0000000001B11A78                  
 gs_reg_TEXA                   0000000001B11A80                  
 gs_reg_TEXCLUT                0000000001B11A88                  
 gs_reg_PRIM                   0000000001B11A90                  
 gs_reg_PRMODE                 0000000001B11AA0                  
 gs_reg_PRMODECONT             0000000001B11AA8                  
 gs_reg_BITBLTBUF              0000000001B222E8                  
 gs_reg_TRXPOS                 0000000001B222F0                  
 gs_reg_TRXREG                 0000000001B222F8                  
 gs_reg_TRXDIR                 0000000001B22300                  
 
 hwreg_GS_CSR_lower_bits       00000000079892C8                  
 hwreg_GS_IMR                  00000000079892C9                  
 hwreg_GS_BUSDIR               00000000079892CA                  
 hwreg_GS_SIGBLID              00000000079892CC                  
 hwreg_GS_SMODE2_INT           0000000007989304                  
 hwreg_GS_PMODE                0000000007D89F50                  
 hwreg_GS_SMODE1               0000000007D89F58                  
 hwreg_GS_SMODE2               0000000007D89F60                  
 hwreg_GS_SFRSH                0000000007D89F68                  
 hwreg_GS_SYNCH1               0000000007D89F70                  
 hwreg_GS_SYNCH2               0000000007D89F78                  
 hwreg_GS_SYNCV                0000000007D89F80                  
 hwreg_GS_DISPFB1              0000000007D89F88                  
 hwreg_GS_DISPLAY1             0000000007D89F90                  
 hwreg_GS_DISPFB2              0000000007D89F98                  
 hwreg_GS_DISPLAY2             0000000007D89FA0                  
 hwreg_GS_EXTBUF               0000000007D89FA8                  
 hwreg_GS_EXTDATA              0000000007D89FB0                  
 hwreg_GS_EXTWRITE             0000000007D89FB8                  
 hwreg_GS_BGCOLOR              0000000007D89FC0
But keep in mind that GS regs can be "duplicated" for different emulation stages. GS is jited too, so it should have kind of pipeline too.
"Implement a EE memory patch for ratchet up your arsenal" Game write data using qmtc2/ctc2 and expect VU0 to still run at this point, which is not always true. Mega high vu0 mpg cycles could potentially push it little further. Patching that will be pain just because Ratchet use code overlays. This mean you need to patch game image with the same patch in more than 20 places. Because what you see in pcsx2 debugger / ps2dis will change depend on stage you play now. That's why PS3, and PCSX2 use dynamic jit patches (pcsx2 use it for different issue tho). --[[User:Kozarovv|Kozarovv]] ([[User talk:Kozarovv|talk]]) 14:20, 27 February 2023 (CET)

== no-clamping ==

Sup. Can i know how no-clamping behavior was tested to confirm that "The default emulator's behavior cannot be set by CLI commands."? Because that doesn't sound right, and emulator explicitly set 0 or 1 on init, which is confirmed in emu code. What can happen, is that other clamping settings were changed during test, and that affected result. But looking at code i don't think there is any possibility that something "in between" exist. --[[User:Kozarovv|Kozarovv]] ([[User talk:Kozarovv|talk]]) 09:33, 21 June 2023 (CEST)