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== Theoretical Hardware Attacks == | |||
= Theoretical Hardware Attacks = | |||
We already know for certain someone out there has hacked the SAMU or stolen Sony's keys because of leaked decrypted kernels. These are some end-all hardware solutions to hack the PS4, theorized by golden. I give a score out of 10 for each. | We already know for certain someone out there has hacked the SAMU or stolen Sony's keys because of leaked decrypted kernels. These are some end-all hardware solutions to hack the PS4, theorized by golden. I give a score out of 10 for each. | ||
=== Power analysis against SAMU 9.9/10 === | === Power analysis against SAMU 9.9/10 === | ||
There are theories that this won't work because... | There are theories that this won't work because... | ||
* SAMU silicon spoofs hamming weight (prevents differential power analysis and EM analysis) | * SAMU silicon spoofs hamming weight (prevents differential power analysis and EM analysis) | ||
* It is running too fast and not feasible since cost is too high | * It is running too fast and not feasible since cost is too high | ||
* You | |||
* You can't slow down the SAMU clock since it is internally checked | |||
* Some more issues? | * Some more issues? | ||
If there is some sort of main CPU/SAMU PLL bypass we might be able to slow the clock down really easily, otherwise we must inject our own clock signal. I believe the SAMU clock is controlled by syscon? If the check is in syscon then we can just patch it out. Maybe write a custom Linux fork that never loads into usermode but just sits and constantly decrypts different self/sprx files. We could communicate with this Linux fork over UART. This attack only needs to work once to recover some keys. | If there is some sort of main CPU/SAMU PLL bypass we might be able to slow the clock down really easily, otherwise we must inject our own clock signal. I believe the SAMU clock is controlled by syscon? If the check is in syscon then we can just patch it out. Maybe write a custom Linux fork that never loads into usermode but just sits and constantly decrypts different self/sprx files. We could communicate with this Linux fork over UART. This attack only needs to work once to recover some keys. | ||
=== SAMU power/clock glitch fault injection 5/10 === | === SAMU power/clock glitch fault injection 5/10 === | ||
During an AES round we might be able to do some SCA by injecting faults. See the paper from umass.edu in the section below. We would write a minimal operating system to reboot into after exploiting an older firmware. This 'operating system' will simply shutdown most of the CPU cores and pin one core. This code would communicate with the SAMU and do everything the normal SCE SAMU driver does for decryption. We can then use UART output from CPU to time our glitch attacks. The faulty data retrieved by our custom SAMU driver might be able to reveal secret key data. This attack only needs to work once to recover some keys. | During an AES round we might be able to do some SCA by injecting faults. See the paper from umass.edu in the section below. We would write a minimal operating system to reboot into after exploiting an older firmware. This 'operating system' will simply shutdown most of the CPU cores and pin one core. This code would communicate with the SAMU and do everything the normal SCE SAMU driver does for decryption. We can then use UART output from CPU to time our glitch attacks. The faulty data retrieved by our custom SAMU driver might be able to reveal secret key data. This attack only needs to work once to recover some keys. | ||
=== SAMU backside UV/IR fault injection 3/10 === | === SAMU backside UV/IR fault injection 3/10 === | ||
Just as the title states. Very expensive to setup and do properly. If we can flip an even number of bits it the encrypted SAMU SRAM region of the chip (even since ECC parity bit), then some sort of side channel analysis might be able to be done to recover key material. Some silicon reverse engineering would be involved to find the SRAM region on die. | Just as the title states. Very expensive to setup and do properly. If we can flip an even number of bits it the encrypted SAMU SRAM region of the chip (even since ECC parity bit), then some sort of side channel analysis might be able to be done to recover key material. Some silicon reverse engineering would be involved to find the SRAM region on die. | ||
"Moreover, it is no longer possible to hit a single SRAM cell with the current etching technologies, since the width of the gate dielectric is now more than 10 times smaller than the shortest wavelength of visible light." To get an idea of the cost of this equipment... "A class of threats which cannot be ignored if the attackers have access to a larger budget (above the aforementioned $3000 and up to millions of dollars)" ( | "Moreover, it is no longer possible to hit a single SRAM cell with the current etching technologies, since the width of the gate dielectric is now more than 10 times smaller than the shortest wavelength of visible light." To get an idea of the cost of this equipment... "A class of threats which cannot be ignored if the attackers have access to a larger budget (above the aforementioned $3000 and up to millions of dollars)" (hxxp://euler.ecs.umass.edu/research/bbkn-IEEEP-2012.pdf) | ||
The fault injection is all infeasible unless some elite hackzor came out of the woodwork. We only need to have this work once. | The fault injection is all infeasible unless some elite hackzor came out of the woodwork. We only need to have this work once. | ||
=== SEM/FIB/microprobes 2/10 === | === SEM/FIB/microprobes 2/10 === | ||
We might be able to readout the bootrom with some microprobes? Sniff data lines somewhere? The SAMU SRAM memory is encrypted so we would have to probe the LM32 instruction bus or something... infeasible but possible. | We might be able to readout the bootrom with some microprobes? Sniff data lines somewhere? The SAMU SRAM memory is encrypted so we would have to probe the LM32 instruction bus or something... infeasible but possible. | ||
=== USB === | === USB pwnage === | ||
The FreeBSD USB stack has been theorized, by a well know security researcher, to contain some high profile bugs. A dongle might just be possible. For example, last year someone ran a fuzzer on the Linux USB stack and found some crazy bugs: | The FreeBSD USB stack has been theorized, by a well know security researcher, to contain some high profile bugs. A dongle might just be possible. For example, last year someone ran a fuzzer on the Linux USB stack and found some crazy bugs: hxxps://github.com/google/syzkaller/blob/master/docs/linux/found_bugs_usb.md | ||
=== Bluetooth === | === Bluetooth pwnage === | ||
Look at Blueborne and CVE-2017-0781. There are probably some bugs in the Sony/FreeBSD Bluetooth stack. Sony has a habit of ruining their own copy and paste. One of the reasons fail0verflow decided to attack the DS4 controller firmware was because it had a nice interface to the kernel which could contain bugs. | Look at Blueborne and CVE-2017-0781. There are probably some bugs in the Sony/FreeBSD Bluetooth stack. Sony has a habit of ruining their own copy and paste. One of the reasons fail0verflow decided to attack the DS4 controller firmware was because it had a nice interface to the kernel which could contain bugs. | ||
= Software Bugs = | == Software Bugs == | ||
=== SnagFilms === | === SnagFilms === | ||
| Line 84: | Line 86: | ||
PATCHED: Sony has hotfixed this exploit via content hashing the file while in transit. Some people have managed to reverse the hotfix but the method is not known. The PS4 checks the content hash HTTP header from the HMAC header. | PATCHED: Sony has hotfixed this exploit via content hashing the file while in transit. Some people have managed to reverse the hotfix but the method is not known. The PS4 checks the content hash HTTP header from the HMAC header. | ||
When you launch | When you launch Vidnow for the first time it gets http://sceecatalogs.vidzone.tv/386/vidzone_386_US.db.psarc. This file is 5MB. | ||
This file loads into a | This file loads into a 60k tcp buffer. No checks are done at all on the files size/hash/contents. Therefore, it is possible to redirect Vidnow to load a substitute file. When vidnow is redirected to load a large enough file the TCP Window buffer is overrun,somewhere between byte 34,125,000 and 35,000,000 of the substitute file. Despite the buffer overflow and crash, the substitute data is still transmitted and the application only throws the exception when another tcp packet is sent. As a result, the application crashes and the console locks up for a minute. Directly before the console resumes normal operations after the crash, an unusually large number of tcp (RST) packets are sent. While no exploit that makes use of this crash is currently available, a carefully crafted file '''may''' be able to exploit this or similar issues to gain code execution, among other things. | ||
==== Crash Timeline ==== | ==== Crash Timeline ==== | ||
| Line 98: | Line 98: | ||
17:17:48.500567000 Response | 17:17:48.500567000 Response | ||
17:17:50.356427000 (System no longer locked up) Console Regains Control (74 byte packet sent) | 17:17:50.356427000 (System no longer locked up) Console Regains Control (74 byte packet sent) | ||
17:17:50.357555000 Contacts Crashlog Server / System Operation Resumes | 17:17:50.357555000 Contacts Crashlog Server/System Operation Resumes | ||
=== Leap second 23:59:60 bug === | === Leap second 23:59:60 bug === | ||
| Line 104: | Line 104: | ||
[http://hpiers.obspm.fr/iers/bul/bulc/bulletinc.dat Leap second 2015 June 30, 23h 59m 60s should theoretically not be a problem, since PS4 is based on BSD which can implement 23:59:60]. | [http://hpiers.obspm.fr/iers/bul/bulc/bulletinc.dat Leap second 2015 June 30, 23h 59m 60s should theoretically not be a problem, since PS4 is based on BSD which can implement 23:59:60]. | ||
== | == Reference sites == | ||
* http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/ | * http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/ | ||